Misplaced Pages

#779220

26-652: Sessa Orchid Sanctuary is a 100 km2 protected area of India in the Himalayan foothills in Bhalukpong Forest Division of West Kameng District , Arunachal Pradesh . It conjoins Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary to the southwest. It is a part of the Kameng Protected Area Complex (KPAC), which is an Elephant Reserve . See map . The department of Environment & Forests has developed trekking routes for visitors to enjoy

52-684: A consortium of major international and regional organizations, has identified the Eastern Himalayan region around Arunachal Pradesh (Nepal, Bhutan and all of North-East India) as a critical global biodiversity rich area deserving of conservation focus. They identified the North-Bank Landscape (i.e. north bank of Brahmaputra, extending up the Eaglenest and Sessa slopes) and the Tawang region as worthy of particular focus. Sessa

78-477: A rough east–west rectangle with Sessa occupying the north-east quadrant. The Bhalukpong - Bomdila highway (and Pakke immediately beyond) are its eastern boundary. It is bounded to the north by the Tenga River valley. Altitude is 900 metres (2,953 ft) to 3,250 metres (10,663 ft). Sessa and Eaglenest ridges rise to 3,250 metres (10,663 ft) and 2,700 metres (8,858 ft) respectively and are

104-751: A sustainable basis to members of certain communities. In reserved forests, explicit permission is required for such activities. In protected forests, such activities are allowed unless explicitly prohibited. Thus, in general reserved forests enjoy a higher degree of protection with respect to protected forests. Conservation reserves and community reserves in India are terms denoting protected areas of India which typically act as buffer zones to or connectors and migration corridors between established national parks , wildlife sanctuaries and reserved and protected forests of India. Such areas are designated as conservation areas if they are uninhabited and completely owned by

130-695: A total of US$ 259 million to more than 2,500 civil society organizations. CEPF was developed by Conservation International's founding CEO Peter Seligmann and former president of the World Bank James Wolfensohn . The fund was founded in 2000 and began awarding grants in 2001. In addition to Conservation International and the World Bank, the Global Environment Facility was a founding partner. Four additional donors later joined: L'Agence Française de Développement,

156-546: A typical national park or animal sanctuary , and that often include one or more national parks or reserves, along with buffer zones that are open to some economic uses. Protection is granted not only to the flora and fauna of the protected region, but also to the human communities who inhabit these regions, and their ways of life. Reserved forests and protected forest ( IUCN Category IV or VI , depending on protection accorded): These are forested lands where logging, hunting, grazing and other activities may be permitted on

182-433: Is about US$ 15,000. The average size of large grants is about US$ 150,000. For each of its investments, CEPF establishes a regional implementation team located at an organization either within or close to the biodiversity hotspot. The regional implementation team is chosen through a competitive grant process and assists with awarding CEPF grants within the hotspot and developing the capacity of local organizations. Below are

208-627: Is within the Conservation International Himalaya Biodiversity Hotspot area. BirdLife International has designated Sessa and Eaglenest Sanctuaries as an Important Bird Area (IBA IN344), with Blyth's tragopan identified as a vulnerable species of the area. Visitors may contact the DFO Pakke WLS Division, Seijosa, East Kameng District or The Range Officer (WL), Sessa Orchid Sanctuary, Sessa, West Kameng District or

234-588: The Government of India but used for subsistence by communities, and community areas if part of the lands are privately owned. Administration of such reserves would be through local people and local agencies like the gram panchayat , as in the case of communal forests. (See Communal forests of India ) A "Common Important Forest" in India is a forest governed by local communities in a way compatible with sustainable development . Such forests are typically called village forests or panchayat forests , reflecting

260-739: The Kumaon Division of Uttarakhand , Forest Co-operative Societies in Himachal Pradesh and Van Samrakshan Samiti s in Andhra Pradesh . Legislation pertaining to communal forests vary from state to state, but typically the state government retains some administrative control over matters like staff appointment, and penalization of offenders. Such forests typically conform to the IUCN Category VI Protected Areas , but protection may be enforced by

286-560: The Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act of 2002 , has agreed to protect communally owned areas of ecological value. Conservation Areas in India refer to well-demarcated large geographical entities with an established conservation plan, and were part of a joint Indo-US project on "landscape management and protection". The project ran from 1996 to 2002. These areas are home to many Conservation reliant species . Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund CEPF works to protect ecosystems and

SECTION 10

#1732779556780

312-525: The Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger in 1973 to safeguard the habitats of conservation reliant species . As of January 2023, India has 106 national parks covering 44,402.95 square kilometres (17,144.07 sq mi), roughly 1.35% of the total geographical area of the country. Wildlife sanctuaries of India are classified as IUCN Category IV protected areas . Between 1936 and 2022, 567 wildlife sanctuaries were established in

338-573: The Asst. Orchidologist, Tipi Orchid Center, Tipi, West Kameng District. Protected areas of India There are four categories of protected areas in India, constituted under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 . Tiger reserves consist of areas under national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. There are 53 tiger reserves in India. As of January 2023, the protected areas of India cover 173,629.52 square kilometres (67,038.73 sq mi), roughly 5.28% of

364-628: The European Union, the Government of Japan and the MacArthur Foundation. The MacArthur Foundation ended its funding to CEPF in 2018. The CEPF Donor Council determines the biodiversity hotspots in which CEPF invests. Only hotspots that primarily include countries with developing or transitional economies are considered. For each investment, CEPF prepares an extensive "ecosystem profile" to inform its conservation strategy in

390-717: The Sessa Orchid Sanctuary 20 km way. The ORDC is actively engaged in exploration and collection of orchid species, cultivation in orchidaria and gardens for their taxonomic study, conservation of rare and endangered species, creation of germplasm collections and multiplication of rare species through tissue culture techniques. The ORDC discovered the following species: Biermannia jainiana , Cleistoma tricallosum , Dendrobium kentrophyllum , Epipogium sessanum , Eria jengingensis , Eria lohitensis , Gastrodia arunachalenisis and Herminium longilonbatum . The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF),

416-1305: The biodiversity hotspots in which CEPF has made an investment: 2001 – 2006: Sundaland (USD 10 million) 2001 – 2011: Cape Floristic Region (USD 7.65 million) 2001 – 2012: Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands (USD 5.6 million) 2001 – 2013: Tropical Andes (USD 8.13 million) 2002 – 2007: Philippines (USD 7 million) 2002 – 2011: Atlantic Forest (USD 10.4 million) 2002 – 2011: Mesoamerica (USD 14.5 million) 2002 – 2013: Mountains of Southwest China (USD 7.9 million) 2002 – 2013: Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena (USD 6.95 million) 2003 – 2012: Succulent Karoo (USD 9.3 million) 2003 – 2013: Caucasus (USD 9.5 million) 2004 – 2014: Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa (USD 8.75 million) 2005 – 2010: Himalaya (USD 5 million) 2008 – 2013: Indo-Burma (USD 9.7 million) 2008 – 2013: Polynesia–Micronesia (USD 7 million) 2008 – 2015: Western Ghats and Sri Lanka (USD 6 million) 2010 – 2015: Caribbean Islands (USD 6.9 million) 2010 – 2015: Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany (USD 6.65 million) 2012 – 2019: Eastern Afromontane (USD 12 million) 2013 – 2020: Indo-Burma (USD 15.8 million) 2013 – 2021: East Melanesian Islands (USD 9 million) 2014 – 2019: Wallacea (USD 6.85 million) 2015 – 2020: Madagascar and

442-511: The country that cover 122,564.86 km (47,322.56 sq mi), roughly 3.73% of the geographical area of the country. Among these, the 53 tiger reserves are governed by Project Tiger , and are of special significance for the conservation of the Bengal tiger . The Indian government has established 18 biosphere reserves (categories roughly correspondingly to IUCN Category V Protected areas ) to protect larger areas of natural habitat than

468-616: The fact that the administration and resource use of the forest occurs at the village and panchayat (an elected rural body) levels. Hamlets, villages and communities of villages may actually administer such a forest. Such community forests are usually administered by a locally elected body, usually called the Forest Protection Committee , Village Forest Committee or the Village Forest Institution . Such committees are known as Van Panchayat s in

494-622: The first major barriers to the monsoon as it moves north from the plains of Assam. These ridges get over 3,000 millimetres (120 in) of rain on the southern slopes and about 1,500 millimetres (59 in) on the northern slopes. Sessa sanctuary is drained by the Tippi Naala (Tippi river), which joins the Kameng river at Tippi village on the Bhalukpong-Bomdila highway. Sessa is part of the Kameng protected area complex (KPAC),

520-586: The genera Dendrobium , Bulbophyllum , Coelogyne , Eria , Phaius and Liparis . The sanctuary is unique in having 7 endemic species of saprotrophic orchids. 12 rare species of different families were found in one study of the area. The Government of Arunachal Pradesh in the late 1970s created a post of orchidologist in the Forest Department and in 1989 established the Orchid Research and Development Centre (ORDC) at Tipi, and

546-446: The largest contiguous closed-canopy forest tract of Arunachal Pradesh, which includes Sessa, Eaglenest, Pakke, Nameri, and Sonai Rupai sanctuaries and associated reserved forest blocks. The Complex covers 3500 km2 in area and ranges from 100 metres (328 ft) to 3,300 metres (10,827 ft)3300m in altitude. Sessa is noted for the occurrence of more than 200 orchid species with 5 new and endemic species. Sub-tropical types include

SECTION 20

#1732779556780

572-585: The local communities or the government depending on local legislation. Maharashtra is the state with the most forest land while Haryana has the least. Private protected areas of India refer to protected areas inside India whose land rights are owned by an individual or a corporation / organization, and where the habitat and resident species are offered some kind of protection from exploitative activities like hunting, logging, etc. The Government of India did not provide any legal or physical protection to such entities, but in an important amendment introduced by

598-505: The natural habitats of orchids . There are deep gorges and valleys, high peaks and rugged terrain that are rewarding for nature lovers and adventure tourists. A nursery includes representative specimens of various orchid species of the sanctuary and a demonstration farm of Cymbidium hybrids for cut-flower production. Most of Sessa has traditionally been claimed by the Bugun tribe as part of their territory. Sessa and Eaglenest together occupy

624-442: The respective hotspot. This document is developed in consultation with experts and local stakeholders and provides an overview of the political, socio-economic and environmental situation in the region. The ecosystem profile also identifies priority Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) and corridors, which become the specific places where CEPF awards grants. CEPF awards two types of grants: small and large. The average size of small grants

650-412: The species within them by awarding grants to local and international civil society organizations working in biodiversity hotspots around the world. Grant recipients include nonprofit organizations, indigenous peoples groups and small businesses, among others. Since its inception, CEPF has funded conservation projects in 25 biodiversity hotspots across 105 countries and territories. The fund has committed

676-419: The total geographical area of the country. India has the following kinds of protected areas , in the sense of the word designated by IUCN : National parks in India are IUCN category II protected areas . India's first national park was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park, now known as Jim Corbett National Park , Uttarakhand . By 1970, India only had five national parks. In 1972, India enacted

#779220