56-581: Sheikh Fazlul Karim Selim (born 2 February 1949; known as Sheikh Selim ) is a Bangladeshi politician who was a 9-term Member of Parliament representing the Gopalganj-2 constituency during 1980–2024. He is a Presidium Member of Bangladesh Awami League . He also served as the Minister of Health and Family Welfare during 1999–2001. He has been missing along with other members of the Sheikh family since
112-495: A constituent assembly to draft and adopt a new, democratic and inclusive constitution, ensuring the inviolability of human dignity. President Mohammed Shahabuddin administered the oath of office to Yunus and his council of advisers at Bangabhaban on 8 August 2024. The cabinet currently consists of 1 Chief Adviser , 22 Advisers and 8 Special Positions Under the Chief Adviser's Office . The Jamuna State Guest House
168-494: A new Election Commission to conduct a snap election. The commission includes 1 Chief Election Commissioner and 4 Election Commissioner. The details are as follows: In spite of the existence of interim administrations in the 1975–78 ( Sayem ministry ) and 1990–91 ( Shahabuddin Ahmed ministry ) periods of Bangladeshi political history, there were significant concerns regarding the legality of an interim government, considering that
224-619: A number (e.g. Panchagarh-1 or Jessore-6 ). Each constituency is represented by a single member of Parliament, and is elected by the first-past-the-post system. Article 66 of the Constitution makes membership open to any citizen of Bangladesh and only to citizens above the age of 25; dual citizenship is possible for civilians in Bangladesh, but not for MPs who must not hold any other citizenship. Members are elected by direct polling in their respective constituencies. Whoever wins
280-526: A record of members' voting, speeches, advising on protocol, general clerical, broadcasting and information activities. Most of the legislative work in the Parliament is done in the standing committees, which exist largely unchanged throughout one legislative period. The Parliament has a number of committees, with small numbers of members appointed to deal with particular topics or issues. The Committees on Ministry (CoM) are committees which are set down under
336-532: A whip who is responsible for the party's discipline and behaviour of its members on the floor of the house. The committee is the coordination hub, determining the daily legislative agenda and assigning committee chairpersons based on parliamentary group representation. The Parliament Secretariat, headed by a senior secretary from the Bangladesh Administrative Service , is in charge of all its supporting and advisory duties such as keeping
392-605: Is chosen by Parliament. Since the December 2008 national election, the majority party has been the Awami League led by former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina . The parliament has been dissolved by President Mohammed Shahabuddin on 6 August 2024 following the resignation of Sheikh Hasina. The Constitution of Bangladesh designates the official name of the legislature Jatiya Sangsad ( জাতীয় সংসদ ) in Bengali and House of
448-491: Is crucial in marginal majorities, where a few members voting against the majority essentially changes the government party in power causing political instability. The negative effects are broad however such as stopping members from speaking out against bad policies pitched by their party or voting against their party on legislation. This is considered harmful for parliamentary democracy, as the ban forces members to agree with their party leaders regardless of their own opinions or
504-673: Is housed in Sangsad Bhaban in Sher e Bangla Nagar, Dhaka. The library was established in 1972, after the immediate formation of the Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh to support the lawmakers and their staff. The library is administered by the parliamentary librarian, a statutory officer responsible for the control and management of the facility, reporting to the deputy speaker and the Library Committee. Although
560-462: Is serving as the official residence of the Chief Adviser. On 5 August 2024, Bangladesh's longtime Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigned and fled to India following the non-cooperation movement . It was a pro-democratic disinvestment movement and mass uprising, of which, the sole demand was the resignation of Sheikh Hasina and her cabinet, initiated within the framework of the month-long quota reform movement resulting in mass killings . Both of
616-664: The Sangsad or JS . The term " member of Parliament " ( Bengali : সংসদ সদস্য , romanized : Saṁsad sadasya ) refers to both the 300 elected members and the 50 nominated women members of the Sangsad. The title is almost always shortened to the initialism "MP" and often referred to simply as the Sāṁsada in Bengali. Members of Parliament are entitled to use the prefix "The Honourable" (Bengali: মাননীয় , romanized: Mānanīẏa ). The Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh
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#1732782342782672-694: The 15th Amendment , which repealed the former. With the Awami League President and former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigning and fleeing the country amid protests, this creates an impossible situation for the Bangladeshi legal system because it can no longer account for transfers of power. That being said, the Appellate Division of the Bangladeshi Supreme Court has acknowledged the necessity of
728-647: The 2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings . The child's father Moshiul Haque Chowdhary was wounded, though his mother, Selim's daughter Sheikh Amina Sultana Sonia, was unharmed. He has 5 grandchildren. Sheikh Zaharat Maanha, Sheikh Fardan Yavand and Sheikh Farzaad Zaidan from his eldest son, Sheikh Fazle Fahim . Zohan Chowdhury from his only daughter, Sheikh Sonia. Sheikh Fazle Faizan from his youngest son, Sheikh Fazle Nayem. Jatiya Sangsad The Jatiya Sangsad ( Bengali : জাতীয় সংসদ , romanized : Jatiyô Sôngsôd , lit. 'National Parliament'), often simply referred to as Sangsad and also known as
784-527: The Bangladesh Administrative Service and the courts, which are usually too docile to challenge the executive. Article 78 of the Constitution provides immunity for the speeches, actions and votes of the Members within parliamentary sessions, and so members are not answerable for any such actions to the courts. The parliament itself is vested with the power to provide indemnity to anybody in service of
840-524: The Constitution makes floor crossing illegal. Members engaging in floor crossing lose their membership immediately. Floor crossing is described in the Constitution as: The only case of floor crossing in Bangladeshi history due the stringent article was when members M. A. Mannan and Mahi B. Chowdhury defected from the Bangladesh National Party to form a new party, Bikolpo Dhara . Fresh by-elections were held soon after
896-520: The Constitution of Bangladesh does not allow for it to exist. The Constitution also forbids ouster clauses , following the doctrine of basic constitutional structure . The only form of interim government that has been constitutional in the past under the country's law was the CtG system introduced in 1996 through the 13th Amendment but this was overturned by the Awami League regime in 2011 through
952-517: The House of the Nation , is the supreme legislative body of Bangladesh . The current parliament of Bangladesh contains 350 seats, including 50 seats reserved exclusively for women. Elected occupants are called members of Parliament , or MPs. The 12th national parliamentary election was held on 7 January 2024. Elections to the body are held every five years, unless a parliament is dissolved earlier by
1008-531: The President of Bangladesh . On 6 August 2024, President Mohammed Shahabuddin dissolved parliament after the resignation of Sheikh Hasina and ordered to form a interim government . The leader of the party (or alliance of parties) holding the majority of seats becomes the Prime Minister of Bangladesh , and so the head of the government . The President of Bangladesh, the ceremonial head of state ,
1064-870: The Secretary-General of the United Nations Member, Board of Trustees, East West University Ministry of Industries Ministry of Land Ministry of Youth and Sports Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs Ministry of Shipping Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology Ministry of Water Resources Ministry of Science and Technology Ministry of Women and Children Affairs Ministry of Liberation War Affairs Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Railways Ministry of Road Transport and Bridges Ministry of Planning Ministry of Textiles and Jute The Yunus ministry formed eleven reform commissions to reform perceived important areas of
1120-498: The Constituent Assembly, and the first and second parliaments held their sittings in the building that now houses the Prime Minister's Office and which is often referred as the old Sangsad Bhaban (old Parliament House). The opening ceremony of the present Parliament House was performed on 15 February 1982. The last session of the second parliament was held in the new house on 15 February 1982. The maximum strength of
1176-878: The Minister for Health and Family Welfare in the First Sheikh Hasina Cabinet . He is the Chairman of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Health and Family Welfare Ministry. On 23 April 2008, Bangladesh Anti Corruption Commission sued Sheikh Selim for corruption at the Ramna Police Station. He secured bail from the High Court on 16 September 2008. The High Court, in September, stayed proceeding of
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#17327823427821232-532: The Nation in English. The term Sangsad ( Bengali pronunciation: [ˈʃɔŋʃɔd̪] ), a Bengali word for "Parliament", derives from the Sanskrit word saṃsada ( lit. ' gathering ' or ' assembly ' ). The Bengali word Jatiya means National, hence, the name Jatiya Sangsad translates to National Parliament. The legislature is commonly known as Parliament and often referred to simply as
1288-521: The Parliament and the President. The president of Bangladesh is elected by the Parliament through open ballot voting. As a result, the opposition party seldom nominates a candidate and the governing party nominee is uncontested. Current President Mohammed Shahabuddin and previous presidents Abdul Hamid, Zillur Rahman, Iajuddin Ahmed , A. Q. M. Badruddoza Chowdhury and Shahabuddin Ahmed were all elected unopposed. The Parliament can also impeach
1344-496: The Parliament envisaged by the Constitution of Bangladesh is 350, which is made up by the general election of 300 members to represent 300 parliamentary constituencies and 50 seats reserved for women, which are apportioned on elected party position in the parliament. The electoral districts are referred to as " Nirbācanī ēlākā " ( নির্বাচনী এলাকা ) in Bengali , which can be literally translated to English as "electoral area" though
1400-425: The Parliament's standing orders. The number of Committees on Ministry approximates the number of ministries of Bangladesh , and the titles of each are roughly similar (e.g., defence, agriculture, and labour). There are, as of the current tenth Parliament, 50 standing committees. The distribution of committee chairs and the membership of each committee reflect the relative strength of the various Parliamentary groups in
1456-544: The Sangsad TV, the Sangsad's programming was produced by the Ministry of Information and relayed in its Bangladesh Television . [REDACTED] Media related to National Parliament of Bangladesh at Wikimedia Commons 23°45′44″N 90°22′43″E / 23.76222°N 90.37861°E / 23.76222; 90.37861 2024 Bangladesh Interim Government An interim government led by Muhammad Yunus
1512-458: The Yunus government and ruled in favour of what essentially amounts to the wording of the 13th Amendment prior to its suspension: “The Appellate Division opined that in accordance with Article 106 of the Constitution, an interim government can be formed with a chief advisor and a few other advisors in the absence of parliament” as per Chief Justice Obaidul Hassan. Hassan himself a staunch supporter of
1568-643: The case against Selim. On 24 October 2010, Supreme Court stayed the High Court order, allowing the case to proceed. Selim's eldest son Sheikh Fazle Fahim served as president of the Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce & Industries and is married to the daughter of businessman Moosa Bin Shamsher . Another son Sheikh Nayem is married to the daughter of BNP politician Iqbal Hasan Mahmud Tuku . One of Selim's grandsons, Zayan Chowdhary, died in
1624-418: The case of Masdar Hossain v. State Former Director General, Department of Narcotics Control Election and Local Government Expert Local Government and Election Expert Electoral System, Voter Registration and National Identity Card Expert The Interim government led by Muhammad Yunus formed several new councils , committees , and commissions , and reformed existing ones to manage various areas of
1680-516: The chamber; any MP voting against their party automatically loses their seat. Political scientists, judges in the Supreme Court , public intellectuals, newspapers and journalists, civil rights activists and many members of parliament have demanded reform of the article. Critics argue Article 70 tramples freedom of speech and freedom of conscience and is a violation of the constitution's fundamental rights. Additionally, it significantly limits
1736-422: The checks and balances on the prime minister, as there are few means by which s/he can be legally dismissed under the constitution or even held to basic scrutiny with repercussions. In Bangladesh, the parliament usually reflects the will of the government, not vice versa as in a well-functioning parliamentary democracy. The checks and balances then formed on the prime minister and their cabinet is by civil servants in
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1792-501: The chief adviser. The government that has been formed under the leadership of Dr. Muhammad Yunus has support from us businessmen. We hope that the broken law and order situation will be restored as soon as possible. All those students and public who were killed will be done justice through a special investigation committee and a special court of law. As the primary and main task of the interim government, effective steps must be taken in restoring normalcy and peace in public life by ensuring
1848-579: The extent of its representation on legislative committees, the time slots allotted for speaking, the number of committee chairs it can hold, and its representation in executive bodies of the parliament. The Parliament executive bodies include the speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad , the House Committee and Parliament Secretariat. The House Committee consists of the parliament speaker, deputy speaker and whips. Every major political party appoints
1904-609: The fall of his cousin Sheikh Hasina 's government on 5th August 2024. Sheikh Selim is the son of Sheikh Nurul Haque and Sheikh Asia Begum, sister of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman , former president of Bangladesh. He is the younger brother of Sheikh Fazlul Haque Mani , founder of Jubo League . He is a first-cousin of the former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. Selim is descended from the Tungipara Sheikh family from both his parents. His father's grandfather, Qudratullah Sheikh,
1960-495: The general election date. Article 67 states that members absent without leave for 90 consecutive sitting days will lose their membership. Any ambiguity regarding membership will be resolved by the Bangladesh Election Commission . Attending sessions without being a member (even if memberships are cancelled in retrospect) results in a BDT 1,000 (US$ 11.75) fine per day, per Article 69. Article 70 of
2016-408: The government. The councils , committees , and commissions consist of Chief Adviser Muhammad Yunus , several advisers and government officials. The details about the committees are as follows. The government creates a ddedicated commission to investigate enforced disappearances. Unlike the reform commissions this commission is an investigation commission. The Yunus Ministry made
2072-415: The government. The Head of Commission will have a status of a Justice of Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh . The details of the head of commission and members are as follows. Former Adviser of Latifur Rahman caretaker government Former District and Sessions Judge Former District and Sessions Judge Former Registrar, Supreme Court of Bangladesh Plaintiff in
2128-571: The house. The parliament is housed in the Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban (জাতীয় সংসদ ভবন Jatiyô Sôngsôd Bhôbôn ), located at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar in the Bangladeshi capital of Dhaka . Designed by the American architect Louis Kahn , the building is one of the largest legislative complexes in the world, comprising 200 acres (81 ha). Louis Kahn designed the entire Jatiya Sangsad complex, which includes lawns, lake and residences for
2184-399: The international community, with many heads of state and Ministers of Foreign Affairs of other nations having congratulated Yunus upon having been sworn in as the new Chief Adviser of the interim government of Bangladesh . We have decided that an interim government would be formed, in which internationally renowned Nobel laureate Dr. Muhammad Yunus, who has wide acceptability, would be
2240-402: The library is open to the public, only current and former members of Parliament, secretariat staff, and authorised researchers may check out books and materials. The Sangsad Bangladesh Television (publicly known as Sangsad TV) is a digital television channel in Bangladesh. It broadcasts parliamentary activity following its establishment under a Broadcasting Act 2011. Prior to the establishment of
2296-477: The maximum possible number of constituencies. The president of Bangladesh appoints a cabinet with the prime minister and other ministers from among the members. The prime minister must be a parliamentarian, and so must at least 90% of the ministers. The president must appoint a prime minister who, in his reasoned opinion, commands the confidence of the majority of the House. The cabinet remains answerable to
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2352-479: The members of the Parliament (MPs). The main building, which is at the center of the complex, is divided into three parts – the Main Plaza, South Plaza and Presidential Plaza. The Sangsad Library or Parliament Library claims to be the most comprehensive library in Bangladesh, holding over 85,000 books and many more reports, parliamentary debates, government gazettes, journals, magazines and newspapers. The library
2408-459: The most votes, regardless of turnout or proportion, wins the election. Members are elected for a term of five years, with the entire Parliament dissolving five years after the swearing-in. Members can be re-elected indefinitely, and so have no term limits. They may be independent or affiliated with a political party . Members must not have served time in prison for more than two years to be eligible, unless they served this period five years prior to
2464-613: The movements were parts of a wider movement known as the Student–People's uprising or the July Revolution . Soon after, the Chief of Army Staff Gen. Waker-uz-Zaman and President Mohammed Shahabuddin announced the formation of an interim government. The president immediately started the process of meeting with political leaders from around the country to discuss the formation of an interim government. The president also dissolved
2520-480: The nation under Article 46. This allowed the 2nd parliament in 1979 to ratify the Indemnity Ordinance . The parliamentary groups of the Jatiya Sangsad are groups of members of Parliament organised by a political party or coalition of parties. The leadership of each groups consists of a parliamentary party leader, deputy leader, whips and a parliamentary working committee. The size of a group determines
2576-421: The official English translation for the term is "constituency". The term "Nirbācanī ēlākā" is used while referring to an electoral district in general. The constituencies are arranged as to coincide with the administrative districts of Bangladesh , distributed among the proportion to their population. Numbers may vary from two to twenty members per district. The seats are indicated with the district name suffixed by
2632-570: The opinions of their constituents. Article 71 of the Constitution allows eligible people to be candidates in more than one constituency. However, if elected from multiple seats, the member must vacate all but one seat. It is usually the custom for prominent politicians, especially party leaders to stand in multiple constituencies. During the 2008 election Awami League leader Sheikh Hasina , prominent AL figure (and later prime minister of Bangladesh ) Zillur Rahman , BNP leader Khaleda Zia and Jatiya Party leader H M Ershad all were candidates in
2688-401: The ousted Awami League, has since resigned as Chief Justice. Hence, despite the lack of constitutional legality for an interim government, due to extremely broad popular support and the need to ensure that a military junta takeover like in 1975 is prevented, Yunus was sworn in on the night of August 8, 2024. Yunus' government enjoys broad international support and is seen as legitimate by
2744-812: The parliament on 6 August 2024. Anti-discrimination Students Movement , the principal organisation that led the movement, proposed the name of Muhammad Yunus for the head of government . Yunus, then residing in Paris , agreed to hold the position. The formation of the interim government was finalised on 7 August 2024. The following is the list of members of the interim government: (Status equivalent to Secretary) (Status equivalent to Senior Secretary) (Status equivalent to an Adviser) (Status equivalent to an Adviser) (Status equivalent to an Adviser) Adjunct Professor, National University of Singapore (Status equivalent to an Adviser) Former Head of Economic, Social and Development Affairs of Executive Office of
2800-399: The president by a two-thirds majority. The Parliament can form any parliamentary standing committees as it sees fit such as for the purposes of examining bills, reviewing government policy and any other matter of public importance. The de facto power of the committees have always been nominal however; the de jure power too is ambiguous, especially after the Supreme Court ruled that it
2856-407: The previous non- caretaker government interim administrations (in 1975 and 1990 ), is extra-constitutional. However, the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh affirmed the legality of the stopgap government on 9 August 2024, citing the urgent need to manage state affairs and address the constitutional vacuum, similar to previous cases. The main pledge of his ministry is organize
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#17327823427822912-414: The seats were vacated. Mahi B. Chowdhury retained his seat under the new party, whereas Mannan lost. As most candidates are elected by the funding, support and brand name of the party, and resignation from the party is considered to void the choice of the people. The prime objective of banning floor crossing is to prevent members from joining other parties for personal gains or to induce disloyalty. This
2968-588: Was established on 10 April 1972 after the Bangladesh Liberation War to prepare a democratic constitution and served as its first parliament as an independent nation. The assembly approved the constitution on 4 November 1972, and it took effect on 16 December and the Constituent Assembly became the Provisional Parliament of Bangladesh until the first elections under the new constitution took place in 1973. Until 10 July 1981
3024-478: Was formed on 8 August 2024 in Bangladesh , following the resignation and fleeing of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on 5 August 2024 amid nationwide student and public protests against the government . Following the dissolution of the 12th Jatiya Sangsad on 6 August 2024, the interim cabinet will remain in office until a new Prime Minister is appointed after a snap general election . The government, like
3080-474: Was not answerable to summons from parliamentary committees and senior civil servants rarely being brought before committees to answer for public administrative decisions. In practice, the Parliament has been regarded as a rubber stamp body as MPs cannot cross the floor , have free votes (vote against their party whip) or pass motions of no confidence due to Article 70 of the Constitution of Bangladesh . This article imposes ultra-strict party discipline on
3136-522: Was the brother of his mother's great-great-grandfather, Ekramullah Sheikh. Sheikh Mujib was both his uncle and nephew, being son of his third-cousin Sheikh Lutfar Rahman . Sheikh Selim is the current parliamentary representative,Active Awami league, for the constituency of Gopalganj-2 . He is a Presidium member of Bangladesh Awami League. He has won parliamentary elections from Gopalganj-2 nine times with 90% of vote, since 1980. He served as
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