In games , score refers to an abstract quantity associated with a player or team. Score is usually measured in the abstract unit of points (except in game shows , where scores often are instead measured in units of currency ), and events in the game can raise or lower the score of different parties. Most games with score use it as a quantitative indicator of success in the game, and in competitive games, a goal is often made of attaining a better score than one's opponents in order to win.
31-525: Steeden Sports is an Australian sports equipment manufacturing company, mainly focused on rugby league . The company is mostly known for its rugby league footballs . Steeden was established in Queensland in 1958, when twins Eric and Raymond Steeden opened a factory in Brisbane, Australia, producing leather cricket balls , rugby league balls and boxing bags . The company moved to New South Wales in
62-403: A boss , a proportionally large number of points is usually rewarded. Extra points can be gained from gathering items , such as power-ups or other pick-ups. Usually, when a player gets a certain number of points, they may get an extra life or go on to a higher level . Points can be often used as currency which can be redeemed for rewards and player upgrades. The high score of a video game
93-699: A $ 1,000 prize to the first gamer who could break George Costanza's fictitious Frogger high score of 863,050 points. On August 1, 1982, the Twin Galaxies Intergalactic Scoreboard issued a colorful poster that listed the world record high scores for more than two dozen arcade video games. The poster was distributed among arcades worldwide. This was the first poster (#1) in a series of colorful posters that continues today, with poster #131 issued in October, 2008. In an episode of Friends , Chandler Bing puts in dirty words on all
124-972: A ball between opposing players or teams. Fishing rods and fishing tackle are primarily used for fishing and sport fishing . Sticks are used for sports such as hockey and lacrosse . Bats are used for sports such as baseball , cricket , and rounders . Clubs are used mainly for golf . Wickets , creases and balls are used in cricket , and bases are used in baseball. In many sports, athletes wear cleats . These include cricket spikes, football boots , golf shoes , and track spikes . Cyclists wear cycling shoes , which may be designed for special interaction with pedals . Wheeled shoes include roller skates and inline skates . Skiers wear ski boots , which attach to skis via bindings . Similarly, snowboarders have snowboard boots and bindings . Athletes wear ice skates in most ice-based sports, although there are exceptions such as broomball and curling . Athletes with limb differences (such as those in
155-473: A button on the machine. The high score concept changed in July 1978 with the release of Taito 's shoot 'em up Space Invaders , where high scores were determined by gamers playing for as long as they could to stay alive, as high scores kept rising. The popularity of Space Invaders stemmed in part from players returning to beat the current high score, as players could now compete with each other over who had
186-401: A high score. This has declined in popularity in recent years, as players are often allowed to play for as long as they can without losing, but not given free games even if they achieve a high score. The first video game to use the term "high score" was Midway 's Sea Wolf (1976). The game saved the highest score achieved on the cabinet, but could be reset by a player at any time by pressing
217-649: A very high number of points could result in unlockable players or modes. In some games, reaching certain scores gives an extra life , or a continue . In puzzle games, scores are usually gained by solving the puzzles quickly. Higher scores can be gained by performing combos of puzzle solving. There is often a time bonus which can add extra points. The level number is often a multiplier on the points, so higher scores are possible on harder levels. Level multipliers can also be picked up in some games, to further multiply your points bonus. In other games, points are typically gained from defeating monsters and enemies. When defeating
248-575: Is a cartoon titled High Score . There is also a book entitled High Score! The Illustrated History of Electronic Games . A 2007 documentary, The King of Kong: A Fistful of Quarters , follows the attempts to beat the high score in Donkey Kong . In an episode of the TV series Seinfeld , George is astonished to find that the Frogger machine he played as a teen still retains his high score. With
279-616: Is often used as noun to describe the ball itself. Other products Steeden produce are kicking tees, shoulder guards, bags, hit shields, boots, headgear, bibs, sock ties, whistles and water bottles. Steeden is the official ball supplier of the Rugby League World Cup since 2008, National Rugby League (NRL), Rugby League State of Origin , Australia Rugby League , New South Wales Rugby League , Queensland Rugby League , New Zealand Rugby League , Australian Touch Association, The Betfred Super League , Betfred Championship and
310-435: Is usually the highest logged point value. Many games will have a list of several high scores, called the high score table or leaderboard . The concept of a high score first achieved cultural significance with the rise in popularity of pinball machines and electro-mechanical arcade games . Players who achieve a high score are often greeted with a congratulatory message and are able to enter their initials or name into
341-542: The Betfred League 1 and many more national governing bodies around the globe. Steeden is also a partner of NRL teams Melbourne Storm, Penrith Panthers, South Sydney Rabbitohs and Wests Tigers Sports equipment Sports equipment , also called sporting goods , are the tools, materials, apparel, and gear, which varies in shapes, size, and usage in a particular sport. It includes balls, nets , rackets , protective gears like helmets , goggles , etc. Since
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#1732772848918372-599: The Paralympics ) may use extremity prostheses , such as the Flex-Foot Cheetah running blade. Protective equipment is often worn for sports including motor sport and contact sports , where there is a danger of injury through collision of players or other objects. In many sports, athletes wear helmets. These include: Padding is used to protect various body parts, most often as elbow pads , shin pads , and shoulder pads . Specialized equipment, such as
403-404: The gridiron football and rugby ball . In flying disc sports , frisbees are used for various games such as freestyle , disc golf and ultimate . In ice hockey and floor hockey , a puck is used. In many games, goal posts are at each end of the playing field. In some games, such as association football , hockey and water polo , the object is to pass the ball or puck between
434-625: The jockstrap and mouthguard , is used to protect certain body parts. Ice hockey players may wear neck guards . Some athletes wear sports gloves to protect their hands. Many sports have a common set of clothing, usually called a uniform or kit, including the association football kit , baseball uniform , basketball uniform , cricket whites , and cycling kit . As part of the uniform, athletes may wear jerseys ; they may also be called shirts, sweaters in ice hockey or guernseys in Australian rules football. These jerseys may change color when
465-504: The 1960s, and was acquired by British sporting goods corporation Grays International (marketed through its brand Gray-Nicolls ) in 1995. The company has a large range of rugby products that includes footballs, protective gear ( shoulder pads , head protectors ), clothing ( uniforms ), and accessories ( bags ). Steeden also produces netball uniforms. The Steeden name has become so synonymous with rugby league in Australia that it
496-906: The 1990s, all performances would have to be videotaped to verify the achievement. The high score also exists in online games in various forms. The spread of the Internet has made it possible to compete with the rest of the world, rather than the players of a single machine or game. Many modern games have the ability to post his/her high score to a central webpage. Online multiplayer games, especially first person shooters , real time strategies , and role-playing video games often have ranking systems. These new high score lists and ranking systems often are more complex than conventional high score lists. Some are based on tournaments, while others track game servers continuously, keeping statistics for all players. Some games include default "high scores" that do not actually represent real players, but are displayed whenever
527-591: The ball has completely changed over the centuries; from being made out of animal skin, to being lined with multiple layers of polyester or cotton. As the sporting equipment industry improves, so do the athletes' performance. This is due to the fact that the equipment is more efficient, lighter and stronger, thus forming a biomechanical system that is interacting with the athlete. Since the massive adoption of wearable, new sport equipment tend to be electronics and connected to deliver data performances. Standards and monitoring processes apply in certain industries aimed at
558-592: The elimination of child labour in the manufacturing of sports goods. One example would be the Atlanta Agreement of 1997 in relation to child labour in the football-making industry in Pakistan. There are well-developed international trade markets for sports equipment: for example, a steady increase in sports equipment trade within the European Union and between EU member states and the rest of
589-517: The field, most commonly in American football . Score (game) In video games that feature scoring, points are usually an optional, side component of gaming. Players may achieve points through normal gameplay, but their score will often not have an immediate relevance to the game itself. Instead, playing to beat a "high score" set by the game program, another player or oneself becomes an extra challenge, adding replay value . In modern gaming,
620-551: The high score made it nearly ubiquitous and a defining feature for many games. Magazines such as Nintendo Power and Sega Visions would often publish high scores submitted by their readers. The high score became most popular when, starting in 1982, the Twin Galaxies Scoreboard began to appear in the pages of Video Games Magazine, Joystik Magazine , Computer Games Magazine , VideoGiochi Magazine, Video Games Player Magazine and Electronic Fun Magazine. Later, in
651-517: The high score positions on a Ms. Pac-Man machine. He then finds out that they are not blanked when the machine is reset, so he has to break all his high scores to remove the offending words. (This is not possible on an actual Ms. Pac-Man machine; such machines only record one high score and do not allow the winning player to enter initials.) According to the Twin Galaxies Intergalactic Scoreboard, "high-score" attempts enjoyed as much press coverage as any other video game–related topic reported in
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#1732772848918682-446: The highest score. In December 1978, Exidy 's Star Fire allowed the player to save their name as initials next to their high score. Since this data was stored in the machine's RAM , it was deleted every time the machine lost power, which in practice would almost invariably happen every night as operators preferred to leave the machines unplugged when the arcade was closed to avoid incurring unnecessary power costs. The popularity of
713-543: The machine's memory is reset, often with generic initials such as "AAA." These scores often represent certain levels of achievement for a player to aspire to, ensuring that there is always something for players to compete with. Many video games also have default high scores built in, sometimes attributed to fictitious entities (e.g. Commander Keen ) or to members of the game's development team. The high score's prominence in video game culture and even mainstream society has led to various pieces of art and entertainment. There
744-411: The machine. Their score and name will remain there until someone "knocks" them off the high score list by achieving a higher score. For this reason, high scores are inherently competitive and may sometimes involve one-upmanship against other players. The high score has a close association to the "free game." When in an arcade, many games will offer a player a free chance at another game if they achieve
775-491: The media during the 1982–1985 period. Though the media was often focused on the amazing growth of the video game industry, it was equally as fascinated with the human side of gaming, as typified by the "player vs. machine" showdowns that led to new world record high scores set on nearly a daily basis. In fact, Twin Galaxies reports that during that early era it was not unusual for there to be multiple new world records reported in
806-421: The owners wanting to get rid of it, George decides to keep the machine for posterity, the catch being that he has to move the game without unplugging it, because if he unplugs the game the high score will be erased. Unfortunately, the machine is destroyed when he unsuccessfully tries to move it across the street in a spoof of the gameplay . On September 24, 2005, Twin Galaxies issued Poster #59, which publicized
837-524: The performer must use a sport equipment, it can also be serve for protection. Historically, many sports players have developed their own sporting equipment over time. For instance, the use of a football dates back to ancient China , between the Warring States period (476–221 BC) and the Han Dynasty (220 AD). As football remains the most popular sport in the 21st century, the material of
868-458: The posts below the crossbar. In basketball, the object is to pass the ball through the basket . In these sports, the goal usually has a net . In other sports, such as those based on rugby , the ball must pass over the crossbar. In tennis , badminton , and volleyball , players launch the projectile over a net which is supported by two posts. Racquets are used for racquet sports such as tennis , squash and badminton , and are used to hit
899-625: The presence of a score is not as ubiquitous as it was in the past. During the era of arcade games , when, because of the technical limitations of the time, games could not be "won" or "completed" but were instead endless cycles of continuous gameplay , points had a much greater relevance. Many modern games no longer keep track of scores, and many no longer feature an option to save or record high scores. However, some games, such as role-playing games , have experience points , skill points , and use money or treasure , which can all be used to buy or upgrade skills and objects. In fighting games , scoring
930-674: The team is on the road . Examples of training equipment include swiss balls , resistance bands , tennis balls, balance discs, cones, weights , chin-up bars , weight machines, and gym equipment. Also, protective equipment such as weight lifting belts and bench shirts are used for weight training and powerlifting . Special sports equipment, is the equipment usually worn by the athletes according to their needs or desires. Vehicles (sometimes specialized) are used as equipment for some sports, including motor sport , cycling, aeronautics , sailing and hot air ballooning . Small vehicles with flatbeds are often used to carry injured athletes off
961-466: The world was reported during the period from 2017 to 2020. In ball sports , balls are a key element—usually as part of the scoring mechanism. Sports balls are usually in the shape of a sphere , though they may also be spheroid or ellipsoid . Spherical balls include the baseball , basketball , Gaelic ball , cricket ball , golf ball , lacrosse ball , tennis ball , and the ball used in association football . Spheroid and ellipsoid balls include