The Stephanian is a stage in the regional stratigraphy of northwest Europe with an age between roughly 307.5 and 299 Ma (million years ago) . It is a subdivision of the Carboniferous system or period and the regional Silesian series . The uppermost units of the Coal Measures of England and Wales are probably of Stephanian age, though the larger part of this formation is referred to the earlier Westphalian . The stage derives its name from the city of Saint-Étienne for its coal mining basin in eastern central France (which itself derives from associations with Saint Stephen ) where strata of this age occur.
7-643: Stephanian can refer to: Stephanian (stage) , a stage in the European stratigraphy of the Carboniferous Stephanian school of literature , a body of fictional works written by the alumni of St. Stephen's College, Delhi A student at St. Stephen's College, Delhi , a college of the University of Delhi, India See also [ edit ] Stephania (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
14-595: A Stephanian epoch or Stephanian series reflecting the stage's earlier status. Sediments younger than the Stephanian are sometimes termed the Autunian , a regional stage which includes the Carboniferous-Permian boundary. From youngest to oldest, the proposed substages of the Stephanian are: The Westphalian-Stephanian boundary is controversial and has not been formally defined. The early part of
21-409: A potential solution to the debate, since the regions of Asturias and Cantabria offer undisrupted and fossil-rich sediments which appear to fill in the gap between Westphalian D and Stephanian A. Most Carboniferous stratigraphers accept the utility of this interval, which has been named as the "Cantabrian" substage, the earliest substage of the Stephanian. Kasimovian-type plants first appear just above
28-532: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Stephanian (stage) In the official geologic timescale of the ICS , the Stephanian is placed within the Pennsylvanian epoch (323-299 Ma). The (regionally defined) Stephanian stage corresponds to the (internationally used) Kasimovian and Gzhelian stages. References appear in scientific literature to
35-578: The Stephanian is difficult to recognize in much of Europe, due to sediment hiatuses or a transition from coal to unfossiliferous red beds . This issue is most apparent in the Lorraine- Saar-Nahe Basin of France and Germany, where a long hiatus occupies several million years between the Westphalian D and Stephanian A substages. Several workarounds have been proposed, but many bring forward their own problems. Many sources air on
42-417: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Stephanian . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stephanian&oldid=1220953465 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
49-480: The side of caution and position the start of the Stephanian at the end of the hiatus. By that time, Kasimovian-type plant species are well-established, suggesting that part of the Westphalian D is Kasimovian in age. Other studies disagree with this approach, instead defining the Westphalian-Stephanian boundary at a major transition of plant faunas prior to the hiatus. Northwest Spain seems to offer
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