Misplaced Pages

Stones River

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.

The Stones River (properly spelled Stone's River ) is a major stream of the eastern portion of Tennessee 's Nashville Basin region and a tributary of the Cumberland River . It is named after explorer and longhunter Uriah Stone, who navigated the river in 1767.

#332667

51-591: The Stones River is composed of three major forks: the West, Middle, and East forks. The West Fork, 39.1 miles (62.9 km) long, rises in southernmost Rutherford County near the Bedford County line. The upstream portion of its course runs roughly parallel to U.S. Highway 231 . The Middle Fork, 19.8 miles (31.9 km) long, rises in an area of low hills, or knobs, also near the line with Bedford County, near Hoovers Gap, an important troop movement route during

102-748: A diurnal temperature variation of 18.9 to 23.7 °F (10.5 to 13.2 °C). Diurnal temperature variation is highest in April and lowest in December, but it is also relatively high in October and relatively low in January. Donelson's climate classifications are Köppen Cfa and Trewartha CFak thanks to its very hot summers (average over 71.6 °F (22.0 °C)), mild winters (average over 32.0 °F (0.0 °C)) and long (8+ months) growing seasons (average over 50.0 °F (10.0 °C)). Precipitation

153-505: A contested area. The county was home to one of the bloodiest battles of the war, the Battle of Stones River , which was fought between December 31, 1862, and January 2, 1863. On July 13, 1862, Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest conducted a series of cavalry operations known locally as Forrest's Raid . The raid successfully led to the surrender of all Union forces occupying the area. Soon after his departure, Union troops returned to

204-491: A crime spree supposed to have taken place in the resultant massive flooding. The conspirators succeeded only in destroying some iron doors at the dam's base. The suspects were later convicted and sentenced to substantial prison terms. The dam is visible from the bridge just below it on Interstate 40 ; just below the dam is a desirable fishing area under certain discharge conditions, but in recent years access has at times been limited because of security concerns. Also just below

255-485: A female head of household with no husband present, and 28.60% were non-families. 20.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.09. In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.40% under the age of 18, 13.20% from 18 to 24, 33.50% from 25 to 44, 19.40% from 45 to 64, and 7.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

306-600: A marketing video, "What Can the Rutherford County Juvenile Detention Center Do For You?” featuring images of children in black-and-white striped prison uniforms, and narrated by Juvenile Court Judge Donna Scott Davenport , to solicit business for the JDC. As of 2021, 39 Tennessee counties were contracting with Rutherford County to incarcerate youth, along with the U.S. Marshals Service. It is alleged that in subsequent years,

357-551: A paying customer" and "We get a lot of business” A county commissioner added, that "Hey, it’s a business. Generating revenue." The county then solicited other counties in Tennessee and surrounding states to send detained youth to the Rutherford County juvenile jail for incarceration, at $ 175 per day per child, and said that over 20 Tennessee counties had contracted with Rutherford's juvenile jail. The county released

408-532: A power supply for the surrounding area prior to the advent of the Tennessee Valley Authority . Near this site is a gigantic landfill operated by Browning-Ferris Industries . The confluence of the two major forks occurs in northeastern Rutherford County near Smyrna . At the confluence, both are already somewhat slack because of the impoundment of J. Percy Priest Dam , a United States Army Corps of Engineers development constructed during

459-465: A unit along with the adjacent neighborhood of Hermitage just across the Stones River along U.S. 70; the two communities share a Chamber of Commerce . Donelson is home to hundreds of small and medium-sized local businesses. Hip Donelson, a tax exempt 501(c)3 created to promote and develop the local community, lists over 100 Donelson, Tennessee businesses that operate in the neighborhood. Donelson

510-573: Is consolidated with that of Nashville. Donelson encompasses the site of historic Buchanan's Station where settlers in the early Nashville settlements held off a major incursion into the area by a united Native American force comprising Lower Cherokee and Creek Indians hoping to destroy Nashville and drive the American frontiersman back across the Appalachian Mountains. The vastly outnumbered defenders held out, eventually driving

561-527: Is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee . It is located in Middle Tennessee . As of a 2023 estimate, the population was 367,101, making it the fifth-most populous county in Tennessee. A study conducted by the University of Tennessee projects Rutherford County to become the third largest county in Tennessee by population by 2050. Its county seat is Murfreesboro , which is also

SECTION 10

#1732772426333

612-551: Is a neighborhood of Nashville, Tennessee , about 6 mi (10 km) east of downtown Nashville along U.S. Route 70 . It is named in honor of John Donelson , co-founder of Nashville and father-in-law of Andrew Jackson , Nashvillian and seventh President of the United States . Donelson is governed by the Metropolitan Council of Nashville and Davidson County , due to the fact that the government of Davidson County

663-461: Is a private golf club. The Stones River is now thought of primarily in terms of its major impoundment, Percy Priest Lake , and is important to the Nashville area. The flood control provided by the dam has been important to the reduction of flooding downstream in the downtown Nashville area, as well as in the entire Cumberland Valley. Rutherford County, Tennessee Rutherford County

714-460: Is also home to the national headquarters of HarperCollins Christian Publishers, a new branch of Nashville State University, and over 40 hotels and motels that cater to tourists and business travelers using BNA International Airport . In recent years, Donelson has shown high demand as a desirable place to live, and is commonly discussed as one of the next Nashville neighborhoods set for explosive growth. A 2016 article on Realtor.com cited Donelson as

765-584: Is elected from the county at-large . Rob Mitchell is the current Assessor of Property and has held office since 2012. This area of the state was predominately Democratic following the American Civil War , but the significant minority of African Americans joined the Republican Party. The white-dominated state legislature in the 1880s passed four laws that effectively disenfranchised most blacks and many poor whites, particularly due to

816-694: The American Civil War . It flows roughly parallel to, but west of, Interstate 24 and U.S. Highway 41 , and is met by the West Fork near State Route 99 . The East Fork is the longest, at 54.0 miles (86.9 km); it rises in Cannon County on Short Mountain, an outlier of the Cumberland Plateau , and flows through Woodbury , the county seat. This stream is roughly paralleled by U.S. Route 70S . The West Fork runs just west of downtown Murfreesboro . Just northwest of Murfreesboro along

867-468: The poverty line , including 8.50% of those under age 18 and 9.40% of those age 65 or over. The 2010 census put the population of Rutherford County at 262,604. This represents a greater than 40% population growth since the 2000 U.S. Census. As of 2009, it was estimated that the total minority fraction of the population had grown to almost 20% of the total, with Hispanic population at 5.58%, African-American population at 12.09%, and Asian population at 2.66% of

918-538: The 15th most desirable zip code in the United States. Donelson is one of about 26 suburban neighborhoods of Nashville. As with most communities which are not census-designated places , making a realistic estimate of the community's population is very problematic. Donelson is generally considered to be coextensive with the United States Postal Service 's ZIP code 37214, which is the ZIP code for

969-435: The 1960s and named for a former Nashville Congressman . The impoundment of the reservoir led to major change in residential growth patterns in Nashville during the late 1960s and 1970s because people desired to live near the lake, which is highly developed with boat ramps, marinas, parks and other recreational areas, campgrounds, and even an artificial beach area. In 1979 the dam was bombed with dynamite as ruse to cover

1020-840: The Nashville Post Office 's Donelson Station. According to the US Census Bureau 2016 estimates the population for the zip code 37214 was 30,230. The community has a station on the WeGo Star commuter rail line, which began operation in September 2006. Donelson is located adjacent to Nashville International Airport. The mean annual temperature at Nashville International Airport is 60.8 °F (16.0 °C). Monthly averages range from 39.6 °F (4.2 °C) in January to 80.7 °F (27.1 °C) in July, with

1071-771: The Revolution. He was appointed President of the Council of the Southwest Territory (the upper chamber of the territorial legislature) in 1794. Rutherford County strongly supported the Confederacy during the Civil War , having voted 2,392 to 73 in favor of Tennessee's Ordinance of Secession on June 8, 1861. Rutherford County's central location and proximity to Nashville during the Civil War made it

SECTION 20

#1732772426333

1122-573: The West Fork is the Stones River National Battlefield , site of the Battle of Stones River , a major Civil War battle that was fought from December 31, 1862, to January 2, 1863. The East Fork runs well to the north of Murfreesboro, adjacent to the grounds of the Alvin C. York Veterans Affairs hospital , and is crossed by U.S. Highway 231 near the community of Walterhill , site of a former hydroelectric dam used for

1173-546: The area and held it until the end of the war. In August 1869, rampaging white men drove close to 100 African American farmers from their homes, and out of the county, to Nashville . In 1884, Bradley Academy in Murfreesboro became Rutherford County's first accredited high school for African Americans. The co-educational school was operated by the Murfreesboro City Schools system. Bradley Academy

1224-476: The arrangement was alleged in court to have violated racketeering laws—jailing impoverished people who did not pay court fines for misdemeanor offenses and traffic violations, and refusing to waive fees for indigent convicts. Seven probationers, many sick or disabled, living on food stamps, charged in court that they lost housing, jobs, cars—after multiple threats from Providence that they would be jailed for failing to pay. In 2017, Rutherford County consented to end

1275-622: The attackers away. Today, the only extant remains of the compound is the Buchanan cemetery on the northwest corner of Elm Hill Pike and Massman Drive. In the 1880s Donelson was a station on the Tennessee and Pacific Railroad just south of the former village of McWhirtersville on the Lebanon Pike. It began its modern development shortly after World War II , and its location next to Nashville's airport led to much of its later growth. It

1326-429: The county has favored Republican candidates for local, state, and national elections, although Democrats have slightly improved their performance in elections. In 2008, the county built a $ 23,300,000 expansion to the county jail. It is alleged that some county officials viewed the jail as a for-profit business. In May 2016, Rutherford County Sheriff Robert Arnold, his Chief Administrative Deputy Joe L. Russell and

1377-438: The county to stop using its "filter" system because it "departs drastically" from ordinary juvenile detention standards. In June 2021, Rutherford County settled with plaintiffs in a class action lawsuit, agreeing to payments of up to $ 11 million, to up to 1,450 potential claimants for wrongful arrest or incarceration, but denying any wrongdoing. The settlement amount was amended to $ 5.1 million in December 2021. The settlement

1428-419: The county was 85.73% White , 9.51% Black or African American , 1.90% Asian , 0.29% Native American , 0.04% Pacific Islander , 1.32% from other races , and 1.20% from two or more races. 2.78% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 66,443 households, out of which 37.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.30% were married couples living together, 11.20% had

1479-401: The county's juvenile jail at a rate ten times higher than the state's average, and that some children were arrested and jailed for alleged violations of non-existent laws. Class action federal lawsuits resulted in the county ending solitary confinement of children in custody. In May 2017, a federal court said that children were being illegally detained in Rutherford County, and ordered

1530-533: The county. As of the census of 2010 , there were 262,604 people, 96,232 households, and 66,810 families living in the county. The population density was 424 people per square mile (164 people/km ), and the housing unit density was 156 units per square mile (60 units/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 80.67% White , 12.65% Black or African American , 3.08% Asian , 0.36% Native American , 0.05% Pacific Islander , and 2.04% from two or more races . Those of Hispanic or Latino origins were 6.67% of

1581-679: The dam is the trail-head of the Stones River Greenway, an important part of the Nashville Greenways Project. Between Percy Priest Dam and the mouth of the Stones River, the river flows through Clover Bottom, a large flood plain and site of a former plantation whose Clover Bottom Mansion house, after many years of disuse, neglect, and vandalism , is now the headquarters for the Tennessee Historical Commission . "Clover Bottom"

Stones River - Misplaced Pages Continue

1632-653: The expansion of sewers . The area's desirability was increased somewhat by the impoundment of Percy Priest Lake on the Stones River in the late 1960s which increased summertime recreational opportunities. Donelson was the home of the Opryland USA theme park , which closed in 1997. This property is now the Opry Mills shopping mall and the Grand Ole Opry . It is usually considered as something of

1683-588: The geographic center of Tennessee. As of 2010, it is the center of population of Tennessee. Rutherford County is included in the Nashville-Davidson –Murfreesboro– Franklin , TN Metropolitan Statistical Area . Rutherford County was formed in 1803 from parts of Davidson, Williamson and Wilson counties, and named in honor of Griffith Rutherford (1721–1805). Rutherford was a North Carolina colonial legislator and an American Revolutionary War general, who settled in Middle Tennessee after

1734-426: The jail that year, including two suicides (one resulting in a $ 260,000 lawsuit settlement against the county), state inspectors decertified the jail, citing faults in the jail's policies, programs, staffing and the physical plant. Following numerous changes to policies and facilities—particularly inmate supervision and monitoring, and converting 400 beds to bunk beds , to allow the jail to hold 950 people—the jail

1785-530: The judgeship, stating the goals of restoring confidence in the juvenile court, and pledged "to uphold the integrity of the family unit", while the Rutherford County Commission is assembling a new Juvenile Detention Board to "oversee incarceration operations", including juvenile detention staff, who report to Judge Davenport. Rutherford County outsourced some of its probation administration to Providence Community Corrections, and, in 2015,

1836-436: The local authorities to allow the mosque, and opposition subsided, but sporadic incidents continued. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 624 square miles (1,620 km ), of which 619 square miles (1,600 km ) is land and 4.7 square miles (12 km ) (0.8%) is water. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 341,486 people, 113,797 households, and 78,348 families residing in

1887-432: The population. Of the 96,232 households, 35.19% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 51.61% were married couples living together, 5.04% had a male householder with no wife present, 12.77% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.59% were non-families. 22.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.38% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

1938-552: The requirement of payment of a poll tax in order to register to vote, which reduced the competitiveness of the Republican Party in this part of the state. Since the late 20th century, the majority of white conservatives in Rutherford County shifted toward the Republican Party . Since this time, the changing demographics of the county has shown a significant increase in minorities; however, this change has resulted in no significant impact to party alignment. In recent years,

1989-668: The sheriff's uncle were named in a 14-count federal indictment charging fraud, bribery, extortion, obstruction of justice, and conspiracy for operating an e-cigarette business, for personal gain, in the jail. State officials reported that the JailCigs business gained over $ 110,000 in revenues pocketed by Arnold and Russell. All pleaded guilty. Arnold was sentenced to 50 months in federal prison, his deputy to 15 months. Sheriff Mike Fitzhugh replaced Arnold. Sheriff's Major Terry McBurney pleaded guilty to unrelated charges, losing his citizenship. In December 2016, following multiple deaths in

2040-491: The singular Rutherford County juvenile judge and local authorities, including the county's Juvenile Detention Center director Lynn Duke, colluded in the arrest and incarceration of hundreds of children, some as young as seven years old, on various misdemeanor charges, including schoolyard fights, truancy and cursing. All arrested children were jailed in the detention center, pending adjudication and assessment. In 2021, journalists reported that children were being incarcerated in

2091-483: The total. The Board of County Commissioners, the county legislative body, consists of 21 members elected for four-year terms from single-member districts based on roughly equal populations. The county mayor is the chief executive officer and is elected from the county at-large . The Assessor of Property is responsible for the valuation of all property in order that it be taxed by the county commission and mayor to raise funds necessary to operate county government and

Stones River - Misplaced Pages Continue

2142-476: The use of for-profit, private probation companies, and PCC agreed to pay $ 14 million, spread among up to 25,000 court-identified victims, to settle the class action lawsuit. The top employers in the county are listed below. Rutherford County government including Rutherford County Schools also employ 6,028 individuals. The county is also home to Barrett Firearms Manufacturing and a General Mills production facility. Donelson, Tennessee Donelson

2193-424: Was $ 24,390. About 8.8% of families and 12.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.2% of those under the age of 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 and over. As of the 2000 census , there were 182,023 people, 66,443 households, and 47,440 families living in the county. The population density was 294 people per square mile (114 people/km ), and there were 70,616 housing units. The racial makeup of

2244-471: Was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.14. Of the 262,604 residents, 26.17% were under the age of 18, 65.62% were between the ages of 18 and 64, and 8.21% were 65 years of age and older. The median age was 33.1 years. 50.60% of all residents were female and 49.40% were male. The median household income in the county was $ 53,770 and the median family income was $ 63,483. Males had a median income of $ 43,306 versus $ 35,437 for females. The per capita income

2295-414: Was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.20 males. The median income for a household in the county was $ 46,312, and the median income for a family was $ 53,553. Males had a median income of $ 36,788 versus $ 26,555 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 19,938. About 5.80% of families and 9.00% of the population were below

2346-594: Was also the site of an early example of what would later be called a shopping center or "strip mall", Donelson Plaza. Donelson's oldest neighborhood is Bluefields. The development of the Bluefields subdivision began in 1929 by the Bransford Realty Company of Nashville, Tennessee. Home construction began in the early 1930s, with fifty to sixty homes built by the Bransford Realty Company by the end of 1938. The final phase of building, Bluefield Square,

2397-675: Was developed in the 1970s on the property once occupied by the Swiss Farm Dairy within Bluefields proper. The Bluefields Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Davidson County, Tennessee on March 22, 2016. Donelson is now an example of an early postwar suburb with a stock of mostly half-century-old, red brick, detached ranch-style homes. However, there has been some tendency for infill in recent years, largely tied into

2448-584: Was once the name of a nearby custodial school for mentally disabled children and adults. The immediate area is also the site of a state mental hospital and the Tennessee School for the Blind . Clover Bottom also is the separation of the Nashville neighborhoods of Donelson and Hermitage . Near the mouth of the Stones River into the Cumberland River , below the bridge on U.S. Highway 70 ,

2499-541: Was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. In the early 2000s, Muslim immigrants settled in the county, particularly in and around Murfreesboro . Their efforts to develop a mosque , the Islamic Center of Murfreesboro (and its subsequent replacement) became the focus of intense local controversy and opposition from non-Muslims, and were stymied by political and legal battles, arson, bomb threats and vandalism. A federal court forced

2550-457: Was recertified in 2017. In 2000, Rutherford County created the post of Juvenile Court Judge to oversee the county's juvenile justice procedures. As part of the $ 23 million development of the county jail, in 2008, a juvenile detention center (JDC) was added. Some county officials allegedly viewed the juvenile jail as a for-profit business. At a public meeting, JDC director Lynn Duke stated that, “If we have empty beds, we will fill them with

2601-428: Was subsequently denied by the county's insurer, Lloyd's of London, which wrote that the county was aware of its illegal juvenile detention practices prior to its coverage by the insurer, but "concealed or misrepresented material facts" to obtain the policy, which voided the policy; the county filed a federal lawsuit against the insurer in December 2022. In August 2022, Republican Juvenile Court nominee Travis Lampley won

SECTION 50

#1732772426333
#332667