Stop-loss insurance is insurance that protects insurers against large claims. Stop-loss policies take effect after a certain threshold has been exceeded in claims.
33-453: (Redirected from Stop-Loss ) Stop-loss may refer to: Stop-loss insurance , an insurance policy that goes into effect after a set amount is paid in claims Stop-loss order , stock or commodity market order to close a position if/when losses reach a threshold Stop-loss policy , US military requirement for soldiers to remain in service beyond their normal discharge date Stop-loss variant ,
66-490: A medium of exchange with a credit or debit value accepted within the network, such as a unit of currency. A planned economy is one where political agents directly control what is produced and how it is sold and distributed. A green economy is low-carbon and resource efficient. In a green economy, growth in income and employment is driven by public and private investments that reduce carbon emissions and pollution, enhance energy and resource efficiency , and prevent
99-514: A metric such as silver, bronze, copper, etc. A barley/shekel was originally both a unit of currency and a unit of weight, just as the British Pound was originally a unit denominating a one-pound mass of silver. Most exchange of goods had occurred through social relationships. There were also traders who bartered in the marketplaces. In Ancient Greece , where the present English word 'economy' originated, many people were bond slaves of
132-439: A self-insured plan often subscribe to stop loss policies in order to protect themselves against catastrophic claims. The organization that takes the insurance policy is called "the insured" and the employees and other people who are covered through the policy are called "participants." Most of the time there is an annual limit for the stop loss amount for each participant and an aggregate amount for each policy year. The premium
165-484: A certain currency . However, monetary transactions only account for a small part of the economic domain. Economic activity is spurred by production which uses natural resources, labor and capital. It has changed over time due to technology , innovation (new products, services, processes, expanding markets, diversification of markets, niche markets, increases revenue functions) and changes in industrial relations (most notably child labor being replaced in some parts of
198-779: A country or an area", seems not to have developed until the 1650s. As long as someone has been making, supplying and distributing goods or services, there has been some sort of economy; economies grew larger as societies grew and became more complex. Sumer developed a large-scale economy based on commodity money , while the Babylonians and their neighboring city states later developed the earliest system of economics as we think of, in terms of rules/laws on debt , legal contracts and law codes relating to business practices, and private property. The Babylonians and their city state neighbors developed forms of economics comparable to currently used civil society (law) concepts. They developed
231-464: A genetic variant that causes loss of a stop codon In media [ edit ] Stop-Loss (film) , a 2008 film about soldiers subject to the stop-loss policy "Stop-Loss" ( Dollhouse ) , an episode of the TV series Dollhouse See also [ edit ] Escalation of commitment Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
264-513: A global information society as understanding of a new type of "all-connected" society is created. In the late 2000s, the new type of economies and economic expansions of countries like China , Brazil , and India bring attention and interest to economies different from the usually dominating Western-type economies and economic models. A market economy is one where goods and services are produced and exchanged according to demand and supply between participants (economic agents) by barter or
297-468: A premium to protect themselves. In the case of a participant reaching more than the specific (or "individual") stop-loss deductible ($ 300,000, for example), the insurer will reimburse the insured (the company, not the participant) for the remainder of the claim to be paid over that deductible amount. There is also typically an aggregate-claims deductible, which is applied to all paid claims combined. For all claims at or below their specific stop-loss level, if
330-626: A profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions starting in the United Kingdom , then subsequently spreading throughout Europe , North America , and eventually the world. The onset of the Industrial Revolution marked a major turning point in human history; almost every aspect of daily life was eventually influenced in some way. In Europe wild capitalism started to replace the system of mercantilism (today: protectionism ) and led to economic growth . The period
363-513: A state. The first economist in the true modern meaning of the word was the Scotsman Adam Smith (1723–1790) who was inspired partly by the ideas of physiocracy , a reaction to mercantilism and also later Economics student, Adam Mari. He defined the elements of a national economy: products are offered at a natural price generated by the use of competition - supply and demand - and the division of labor . He maintained that
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#1732794188716396-460: Is also applied in philosophy to designate the fading of postmodernism in the late 90s and especially in the beginning of the 21st century. With the spread of Internet as a mass media and communication medium especially after 2000–2001, the idea for the Internet and information economy is given place because of the growing importance of e-commerce and electronic businesses, also the term for
429-456: Is calculated for each employee for each month. The premium is based on the number of participants, age of the participants, and various other information. At Lloyd's of London , Personal Stop Loss (PSL) is a type of insurance policy which limits the losses of names all of whom did (and some of whom still do) underwrite with unlimited liability. Provided that the PSL responds to the claims made on it,
462-466: Is called Keynesianism in his honor. In the late 1950s, the economic growth in America and Europe—often called Wirtschaftswunder (German for economic miracle ) —brought up a new form of economy: mass consumption economy . In 1958, John Kenneth Galbraith (1908–2006) was the first to speak of an affluent society in his book The Affluent Society . In most of the countries the economic system
495-704: Is called a social market economy . With the fall of the Iron Curtain and the transition of the countries of the Eastern Bloc towards democratic government and market economies, the idea of the post-industrial society is brought into importance as its role is to mark together the significance that the service sector receives instead of industrialization. Some attribute the first use of this term to Daniel Bell's 1973 book, The Coming of Post-Industrial Society , while others attribute it to social philosopher Ivan Illich's book, Tools for Conviviality . The term
528-568: Is called the Industrial Revolution because the system of production and division of labor enabled the mass production of goods . The contemporary concept of "the economy" wasn't popularly known until the American Great Depression in the 1930s. After the chaos of two World Wars and the devastating Great Depression, policymakers searched for new ways of controlling the course of the economy. This
561-434: Is defined as a social domain that emphasize the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with the production, use, and management of resources. A given economy is a set of processes that involves its culture , values , education, technological evolution, history, social organization , political structure , legal systems , and natural resources as main factors. These factors give context, content, and set
594-722: Is exchanged. Due to the growing importance of the financial sector in modern times, the term real economy is used by analysts as well as politicians to denote the part of the economy that is concerned with the actual production of goods and services, as ostensibly contrasted with the paper economy , or the financial side of the economy, which is concerned with buying and selling on the financial markets. Alternate and long-standing terminology distinguishes measures of an economy expressed in real values (adjusted for inflation ), such as real GDP , or in nominal values (unadjusted for inflation). The study of economics are roughly divided into macroeconomics and microeconomics . Today,
627-506: The freeholders . The economic discussion was driven by scarcity . In Chinese economic law, the huge cycle of institutional innovation contains an idea. Serving a non-market economy promotes a firm's tenure that is legally guaranteed and protected from bureaucratic opportunities. In the Middle Ages, what is now known as an economy was not far from the subsistence level. Most exchange occurred within social groups . On top of this,
660-490: The loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services . A gig economy is one in which short-term jobs are assigned or chosen on-demand. The global economy refers to humanity's economic system or systems overall. An informal economy is neither taxed nor monitored by any form of government. The economy may be considered as having developed through the following phases or degrees of precedence: In modern economies, these phase precedences are somewhat differently expressed by
693-524: The three-sector model : Other sectors of the developed community include: The gross domestic product (GDP) of a country is a measure of the size of its economy, or more specifically, monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced. The most conventional economic analysis of a country relies heavily on economic indicators like the GDP and GDP per capita . While often useful, GDP only includes economic activity for which money
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#1732794188716726-415: The basic motive for free trade is human self-interest. The so-called self-interest hypothesis became the anthropological basis for economics. Thomas Malthus (1766–1834) transferred the idea of supply and demand to the problem of overpopulation . The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture , manufacturing , mining , and transport had
759-418: The conditions and parameters in which an economy functions. In other words, the economic domain is a social domain of interrelated human practices and transactions that does not stand alone. Economic agents can be individuals, businesses , organizations , or governments . Economic transactions occur when two groups or parties agree to the value or price of the transacted good or service, commonly expressed in
792-748: The first stock exchange was founded in Antwerp . Economy at the time meant primarily trade . The European captures became branches of the European states, the so-called colonies . The rising nation-states Spain , Portugal , France , Great Britain and the Netherlands tried to control the trade through custom duties and mercantilism (from mercator , lat.: merchant ) was a first approach to intermediate between private wealth and public interest . The secularization in Europe allowed states to use
825-477: The first known codified legal and administrative systems, complete with courts, jails, and government records. The ancient economy was based primarily on subsistence farming . The Shekel are the first to refer to a unit of weight and currency, used by the Semitic peoples . The first usage of the term came from Mesopotamia circa 3000 BC. and referred to a specific mass of barley which related other values in
858-470: The great conquerors raised what we now call venture capital (from ventura , ital.; risk ) to finance their captures. The capital should be refunded by the goods they would bring up in the New World . The discoveries of Marco Polo (1254–1324), Christopher Columbus (1451–1506) and Vasco da Gama (1469–1524) led to a first global economy. The first enterprises were trading establishments. In 1513,
891-400: The immense property of the church for the development of towns. The influence of the nobles decreased. The first Secretaries of State for economy started their work. Bankers like Amschel Mayer Rothschild (1773–1855) started to finance national projects such as wars and infrastructure . Economy from then on meant national economy as a topic for the economic activities of the citizens of
924-431: The range of fields of study examining the economy revolves around the social science of economics, but may also include sociology , history , anthropology , and geography . Practical fields directly related to the human activities involving production , distribution , exchange , and consumption of goods and services as a whole are business , engineering , government , and health care . Macroeconomics
957-486: The sum of these are more than the aggregate stop loss level, then the insurer will reimburse the insured for the difference. Insurance companies and health and benefits consultants typically use mathematical models analyzing historical claims data to project expected stop loss premiums into the future to control for stop loss coverage costs and estimate the value of coverage PEPM (per employee per month) or PEPY. Companies providing health insurance for their employees through
990-556: The title Stop-loss . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stop-loss&oldid=1192396160 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Stop-loss insurance Insurance companies themselves, as well as self-insuring employers, purchase stop-loss coverage for
1023-497: The unlimited liability thereby becomes to some extent limited. PSL policies are not always available at all. Some are available as "mutuals" and, in the event that the market suffers large losses, may be unable to respond to any great extent. This economic term article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Economic An economy is an area of the production , distribution and trade , as well as consumption of goods and services . In general, it
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1056-706: The world with universal access to education ). The word economy in English is derived from the Middle French 's yconomie , which itself derived from the Medieval Latin 's oeconomia . The Latin word has its origin at the Ancient Greek 's oikonomia or oikonomos . The word's first part oikos means "house", and the second part nemein means "to manage". The most frequently used current sense, denoting "the economic system of
1089-494: Was explored and discussed by Friedrich August von Hayek (1899–1992) and Milton Friedman (1912–2006) who pleaded for a global free trade and are supposed to be the fathers of the so-called neoliberalism . However, the prevailing view was that held by John Maynard Keynes (1883–1946), who argued for a stronger control of the markets by the state. The theory that the state can alleviate economic problems and instigate economic growth through state manipulation of aggregate demand
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