The Science Fiction & Fantasy Poetry Association (SFPA) is a society based in the United States with the aim of fostering an international community of writers and readers interested in poetry pertaining to the genres of science fiction , fantasy , and/or horror . The SFPA oversees the quarterly production of literary journals dedicated to speculative poetry and the annual publication of anthologies associated with awards administered by the organization, i.e. the Rhysling Awards for year's best speculative poems in two length categories and the Dwarf Stars Award for year's best very short speculative poem. Every year since 2013, the SFPA has additionally administered the Elgin Awards for best full-length speculative poetry collection and best speculative chapbook.
31-574: Suzette Haden Elgin (born Patricia Anne Suzette Wilkins ; November 18, 1936 – January 27, 2015) was an American researcher in experimental linguistics, construction and evolution of languages and poetry and science fiction writer. She founded the Science Fiction Poetry Association and is considered an important figure in the field of science fiction constructed languages . Her best-known non-fiction includes her Verbal Self-Defense series. Patricia Anne Suzette Wilkins
62-454: A consequence of the combination of this rule and the rolling eligibility, the 2007 awards, despite nominally being for works published in 2006, instead were all given to works initially published in 2005. Beginning with the 2010 awards, the rolling eligibility system and paperback publication exemption were replaced with the current rules. The Andre Norton Award for Outstanding Young Adult Science Fiction or Fantasy Book, inaugurated in 2006, and
93-677: A variety of SFWA members. It was started in 1966 as a collection of short story winners and nominees for that year, and has continued every year since. The contents of each year's collection is at the discretion of its editor. The sales of these anthologies were intended to pay for presenting the awards themselves. The anthology The Best of the Nebulas (1989), edited by Ben Bova , collected winners of Nebula awards from 1966 through 1986 officially selected by SFWA members. The unofficial anthology Nebula Award Winning Novellas (1994), edited by Martin H. Greenberg , contained ten stories which had won
124-716: The Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award (since 1975) for "lifetime achievement in science fiction and/or fantasy", the Author Emeritus (since 1995, not awarded since 2014) for contributions to the field, the Kevin O'Donnell, Jr. Award for service to SFWA, and the Kate Wilhelm Solstice Award (since 2009) for significant impact on speculative fiction. All four are discretionary but a Grand Master, selected by
155-829: The Hugo Award , the Nebula Award is also considered one of the premier awards in science fiction, with Laura Miller of Salon terming it "science fiction's most prestigious award", and Justine Larbalestier , in The Battle of the Sexes in Science Fiction (2002), referring to it and the Hugo Award as "the best known and most prestigious of the science fiction awards". Brian Aldiss , in his book Trillion Year Spree: The History of Science Fiction , claimed that
186-771: The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA) for the best science fiction or fantasy fiction published during the previous year. To be eligible for consideration works must be published in English in the United States. Works published in English elsewhere in the world are also eligible provided they are released on either a website or in an electronic edition. The awards are not limited to American citizens or members of SFWA. Works translated into English are also eligible. There are no written rules as to which works qualify as science fiction or fantasy, and
217-557: The "Science Fiction & Fantasy Poetry Association," while maintaining the acronym "SFPA." Since 1978, the organization has overseen the production of the speculative poetry journal Star*Line, currently edited by Jean-Paul L. Garnier. In addition to publishing poetry and reviews of books released in the relevant genres, Star*Line provides SFPA members and other subscribers with market listings and industry news bulletins. Past editors include Vince Gotera , F. J. Bergmann , Marge Simon , and founder Suzette Haden Elgin . Since 2011,
248-483: The American science fiction awards". Winning works have been published in special collections, and winners and nominees are often noted as such on the books' covers. SFWA identifies the awards by the year of publication, that is, the year prior to the year in which the award is given. For lists of winners and nominees for each Nebula category, see the list of categories below. The Nebula Awards are given annually by
279-729: The Dwarf Stars winning poems. The two awards involve the publication of annual anthologies of nominated works. Since 2006 (with a hiatus in 2009 and 2011), the SFPA has sponsored an annual contest for best poem in the dwarf (up to 10 lines), short (11 to 49 lines), and long category (50 lines and above). In 2013, SFPA inaugurated the Elgin Awards for poetry collections, named after SFPA founder Suzette Haden Elgin . Two awards are given annually, for best speculative chapbook and best full-length speculative poetry collection. Since 1999,
310-742: The Nebula Award provided "more literary judgment" while the Hugo was a barometer of reader popularity, rather than artistic merit, though he did note that the winners of the two awards often overlapped. David Langford and Peter Nicholls stated in The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (2012) that the two awards were often given to the same works, and noted that some critics felt that the Nebula selection reflected "political as much as literary ability" as it did not seem to focus as much on literary talent over popularity as expected. Several people within
341-551: The Nebula Awards have changed several times during the awards' history, most recently in 2010. The SFWA Nebula Conference , at which the awards are announced and presented, is held each spring in the United States. Locations vary from year to year. The Nebula Awards are one of the best known and most prestigious science fiction and fantasy awards and together with the Hugo Awards have been called "the most important of
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#1732801793535372-554: The Ray Bradbury Award for Outstanding Dramatic Presentation, replacing the Best Script award in 2010, were previously annual literary awards on the Nebula ballot but not considered full award categories, but in 2020 both were added as official categories and their full names changed to be "Nebula Awards". Beside the Nebulas, several other awards and honors are presented at the Nebula Awards ceremony. The others are
403-558: The SFPA has additionally published the online poetry magazine Eye to the Telescope . In order to broaden the scope of the organization's literary footprint, Eye to the Telescope has a rotating editorship, with a different editor responsible for selecting the theme and contents of each issue of the journal. Since its inception in 1978, the organization has administered the Rhysling Award for best science fiction poetry of
434-434: The SFPA has intermittently conferred Grand Master status on select poets who "for a period of no fewer than 20 years" have been actively publishing speculative poetry deemed "exceptional in merit, scope, vision and innovation." Poets must be living to be considered for the honor. Recipients of the award include Ray Bradbury in 2008 and Jane Yolen in 2010. Nebula Awards The Nebula Awards annually recognize
465-590: The SFWA. Works are nominated each year between November 15 and February 15 by published authors who are members of the organization, with the six works that receive the most nominations forming the final ballot. Additional nominees are possible in the case of ties. Members then vote on the ballot throughout March, and the final results are presented at the Nebula Awards ceremony in May. Authors are not permitted to nominate their own works, though they can decline nominations. Ties in
496-464: The Script category. Beginning in 1980 the eligibility year for nominations was set to the calendar year, rather than December–November as initially conceived, and the SFWA organizing panel was allowed to add an additional work. Authors were also allowed to use the mass-market paperback publication of their books as the beginning of their nomination period, rather than the initial hardback publication. As
527-460: The best works of science fiction or fantasy published in the United States. The awards are organized and awarded by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers Association (SFWA), a nonprofit association of professional science fiction and fantasy writers. They were first given in 1966 at a ceremony created for the awards, and are given in four categories for different lengths of literary works. A fifth category for film and television episode scripts
558-483: The calendar year after their publication and then be awarded in the calendar year after that. Works were added to a preliminary list for the year if they had ten or more nominations, which were then voted on to create the final ballot. In 1970, the option was added for voters to select "no award" if they felt that no nominated work was worthy of winning; this happened in 1971 in the Short Story category and in 1977 in
589-557: The cover, even as a nominee, was a "powerful inducement" to science fiction fans to buy a novel, and Gahan Wilson , in First World Fantasy Awards (1977), claimed that noting that a book had won the Nebula Award on the cover "demonstrably" increased sales for that novel. The Nebula Winners series, renamed the Nebula Awards Showcase series in 1999, is published annually by SFWA and edited by
620-478: The decision of eligibility in that regard is left up to the nominators and voters, rather than to SFWA. The winner receives a trophy but no cash prize; the trophy is a transparent block with an embedded glitter spiral nebula and gemstones cut to resemble planets. The trophy itself was designed for the first awards by J. A. Lawrence, based on a sketch by Kate Wilhelm , and has remained the same ever since. Nebula Award nominees and winners are chosen by members of
651-539: The final vote are broken, if possible, by the number of nominations the works received. The first Nebulas were given in 1966, for works published in 1965. The idea for such an award, funded by the sales of anthologies collecting the winning works, was proposed by SFWA secretary-treasurer Lloyd Biggle, Jr. in 1965. The idea was based on the Edgar Awards , presented by the Mystery Writers of America , and
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#1732801793535682-499: The idea to have a ceremony at which to present them was prompted by the Edgar and Hugo Awards . The initial ceremony consisted of four literary awards, for Novels , Novellas , Novelettes , and Short Stories , which have been presented every year since. A Script award was also presented from 1974 to 1978 under the names Best Dramatic Presentation and Best Dramatic Writing and again from 2000 through 2009 as Best Script, but after 2009 it
713-520: The impact of proper language , and peaceful coexistence with nature. Many of her works also draw from her Ozark background and heritage. Elgin became a professor at San Diego State University (SDSU). She retired in 1980 and lived in Arkansas with her second husband, George Elgin. She died at age 78 in 2015 from undisclosed causes. She was survived by her husband. Her son Michael pre-deceased her. Science Fiction Poetry Association The SFPA
744-462: The officers and past presidents, has been named every year for more than a decade. The Solstice Award may be presented posthumously (where only living writers may be named Grand Master or Author Emeritus). The Nebula Awards have been described as one of "the most important of the American science fiction awards" and "the science-fiction and fantasy equivalent" of the Emmy Awards . Along with
775-546: The publishing industry have said that winning or being nominated for a Nebula Award has effects on the author's career and the sales of that work. Spider Robinson in 1992, as quoted in Science Fiction Culture (2000), said that publishers "pay careful attention" to who wins a Nebula Award. Literary agent Richard Curtis said in his 1996 Mastering the Business of Writing that having the term Nebula Award on
806-612: The year. The award is given in two categories: "Best Long Poem" for works of 50 or more lines and "Best Short Poem" for works of 49 or fewer lines. The SFPA also bestows the Dwarf Stars Award for short poem (up to ten lines). Since the 1980s the Rhysling-winning poems are included in the Nebula Awards anthology published by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America , along with (since 2008)
837-498: Was again removed and replaced by SFWA with the Ray Bradbury Award . In 2018, a new Game Writing category was added, for writing in video and tabletop games. Prior to 2009, the Nebula Awards employed a rolling eligibility system. Each work was eligible to qualify for the ballot for one year following its date of publication. As a consequence of rolling eligibility, there was the possibility for works to be nominated in
868-554: Was born in 1936 in Jefferson City, Missouri . She attended the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) in the 1960s, and began writing science fiction in order to pay tuition. She gained a PhD in linguistics , and was the first UCSD student ever to write two dissertations (on English and Navajo ). She created the engineered language Láadan for her Native Tongue science fiction series. A grammar and dictionary
899-503: Was established as the Science Fiction Poetry Association in 1978 by author and linguist Suzette Haden Elgin . Elizabeth Chater served as the first president of the SFPA, followed by Gene Wolf . Other SFPA presidents have included Deborah P Kolodji , David C. Kopaska-Merkel , Bryan D. Dietrich , and, most recently, Bryan Thao Worra . In 2017, members of the SFPA voted to rename the organization
930-473: Was given 1974–78 and 2000–09, and a sixth category for game writing was begun in 2018. In 2019 SFWA announced that two awards that were previously run under the same rules but not considered Nebula awards—the Andre Norton Award for Middle Grade and Young Adult Fiction and the Ray Bradbury Award for Outstanding Dramatic Presentation —were to be considered official Nebula awards. The rules governing
961-536: Was published in 1985. She supported feminist science fiction , saying "women need to realize that SF is the only genre of literature in which it's possible for a writer to explore the question of what this world would be like if you could get rid of [Y], where [Y] is filled in with any of the multitude of real world facts that constrain and oppress women. Women need to treasure and support science fiction." In addition, she published works of shorter fiction. Overlying themes in her work include feminism , linguistics and