Misplaced Pages

#349650

26-706: The name Subachoque comes from Chibcha and means either "Work of the Sun" or "Farmfields of the front". In the times before the Spanish conquest , the area of Subachoque formed part of the Muisca Confederation , a loose confederation of different rulers of the Muisca . Subachoque was reigned by the zipa based in Bacatá . Modern Subachoque was founded on March 16, 1774 by the priest Jacinto Roque Salgado. After

52-499: A ction"; izhe – "street" i – open "i" as in "' i nca" – sié – "water" or "river" o – short "o" as in "b o x" – to – "dog" u – "ou" as in "y ou " – uba – "face" y – between "i" and "e"; "a" in action – ty – "singing" b – as in " b ed", or as in Spanish "ha b a"; – bohozhá – "with" ch – "sh" as in " sh ine", but with the tongue pushed backwards – chuta – "son" or "daughter" f – between

78-734: A "b" and "w" using both lips without producing sound, a short whistle – foï – "mantle" g – "gh" as in " g ood", or as in Spanish "abo g ado"; – gata – "fire" h – as in " h ello" – huïá – "inwards" ï – "i-e" as in Beelzebub – ïe – "road" or "prayer" k – "c" as in " c old" – kony – "wheel" m – "m" as in " m an" – mika – "three" n – "n" as in " n ice" – nyky – "brother" or "sister" p – "p" as in " p eople" – paba – "father" s – "s" as in " s orry" – sahawá – "husband" t – "t" as in " t ext" – yta – "hand" w – "w" as in " w ow!" – we – "house" zh – as in " ch orizo", but with

104-457: A grammar, a confessional in Spanish and a confessional in Muysca. For the elaboration of his work, Lugo devised a sort or type in order to express a vowel that was not part of the phonetic inventory of Spanish and that was necessary to capture if a correct pronunciation was wanted, he called it "Inverse Ipsilon" and today we know it as "The Lugo's y". In other sources it appears simply expressed with

130-439: A semivocalic extension of bilabial consonants, as Adolfo Constenla presented it at the time, for example in cusmuy *[kusmʷɨ], */kusmɨ/, she considers it a phonetic characteristic and not a phonological one. The Myska alphabet consists of around 20 letters. Myska didn't have an "L" in their language. The letters are pronounced more or less as follows: a – as in Spanish "casa"; ka – "enclosure" or "fence" e – as in "

156-533: Is an agglutinative language , characterized by roots that are usually monosyllabic or bisyllabic (to a lesser extent longer), which combine to form extensive expressions. Typologically, it is a final core language. In addition, it is an inflectional language , which means that the roots receive prefixes and suffixes. The closest living language to Muysca is Uwa . Compared to other northern Chibcha languages, Muysca presents more recent innovations. The following greetings have been taken directly from written sources from

182-463: Is named after Subachoque. https://bdigital.uexternado.edu.co/server/api/core/bitstreams/8b48b671-11fd-4ed6-9cb3-bfb83a1e22b3/content Chibcha language Chibcha , Mosca , Muisca , Muysca (*/ˈmɨska/ *[ˈmʷɨska] ), or Muysca de Bogotá is a language spoken by the Muisca people of the Muisca Confederation , one of the many indigenous cultures of the Americas . The Muisca inhabit

208-461: Is titled "Bocabulario de la Lengua Chibcha o Mosca" [ sic ]. It was transcribed by Diego Gómez and Diana Girlado between 2012 and 2013. These manuscripts are actually a single vocabulary, one copies the other. The first was transcribed by Quesada Pacheco in 1991 and the second by Gómez y Giraldo between 2012 and 2013 It was published in Madrid, Spain, in the year 1619. It consists of

234-564: The Altiplano Cundiboyacense of what today is the country of Colombia . The name of the language Muysc cubun in its own language means "language of the people", from muysca ("people") and cubun ("language" or "word"). Despite the disappearance of the language in the 17th century (approximately), several language revitalization processes are underway within the current Muisca communities. The Muisca people remain ethnically distinct and their communities are recognized by

260-592: The Andean civilizations called preceramic , the population of northwestern South America migrated through the Darién Gap between the isthmus of Panama and Colombia. Other Chibchan languages are spoken in southern Central America and the Muisca and related indigenous groups took their language with them into the heart of Colombia where they comprised the Muisca Confederation , a cultural grouping. As early as 1580

286-589: The Caro y Cuervo Institute in 1987. According to the researcher, this manuscript "was written at times when the language was still spoken. " González's transcription has been one of the most consulted works by modern linguists interested in the language. Three documents from the Biblioteca Real de Palacio are compendiums of the Muysca language and are part of the so-called Mutis Collection, a set of linguistic-missionary documents of several indigenous languages of

SECTION 10

#1732782695350

312-600: The New Kingdom of Granada and although their orthography is inconsistent and a little different from the known ones, these pamphlets are associated with the variety spoken in Santafé and its surroundings Because Muysc Cubun is an extinct language, various scholars as Adolfo Constenla (1984), González de Pérez (2006) and Willem Adelaar with the collaboration of Pieter Muysken (2007) have formulated different phonological systems taking into account linguistic documents from

338-761: The New Kingdom of Granada and the Captaincy General of Venezuela , collected by Mutis , due to the initial wishes of the Tsarina of Russia Catherine the Great , who wanted to create a dictionary of all the languages of the world This manuscript is made up of three books: the first titled "De la gramática breve de la lengua Mosca"; the second contains three titles: "Confesionarios en la Lengua Mosca chibcha" [ sic ], "Oraciones en Lengua Mosca chibcha" [ sic ] and "Catecismo breve en Lengua Mosca chibcha" [ sic ]; The third book

364-548: The Sumapaz Páramo . The quick colonization of the Spanish and the improvised use of traveling translators reduced the differences between the versions of Chibcha over time. Since 2008 a Spanish–Muysc cubun dictionary containing more than 3000 words has been published online. The project was partly financed by the University of Bergen , Norway. The sources of the Muysca language are seven documents prepared in

390-465: The 17th century and comparative linguistics. The proposal of Adolfo Constenla , Costa Rican teacher of the Chibcha languages, has been the basis of the other proposals and his appreciations are still valid, even more so because they were the result of the use of the comparative method with other Chibcha languages and lexicostatistics. In fact, Constenla's classification of the Chibcha languages remains

416-502: The 17th century when the language was alive. In Muysca, the noun lacks morphemes of gender, number and case. In nouns denoting sex, it is necessary to add the corresponding name "fucha~fuhucha" or "cha". fulano fulano muysca person cha male cho good guy COP fulano muysca cha cho guy fulano person male good COP Charles III of Spain Too Many Requests If you report this error to

442-584: The Colombian state. Important scholars who have contributed to the knowledge of the Chibcha language include Juan de Castellanos , Bernardo de Lugo , José Domingo Duquesne and Ezequiel Uricoechea . The Muysca language is part of the Chibcha linguistic family , which in turn belongs to the macro-Chibchan group. The Chibcha linguistic family includes several indigenous languages of Central America and Northwestern South America. In prehistorical times, in

468-559: The Spanish Crown gave the lands and allowance to Spanish families in order to colonize the area, the indigenous peoples that lived by the time in that area were relocated in another areas of Colombia or executed if they refused to be moved. Subachoque is one of the few towns in Colombia whose inhabitants are descendants mostly only from Spanish or European roots. During the iron production that took place at La pradera between 1850 and

494-456: The authorities in Charcas, Quito , and Santa Fe de Bogotá mandated the establishment of schools in native languages and required that priests study these languages before ordination. In 1606 the entire clergy was ordered to provide religious instruction in Chibcha. The Chibcha language declined in the 18th century. In 1770, King Charles III of Spain officially banned use of the language in

520-646: The early 1900s, the arrival of North Americans, British, French and Germans placed a genetical mark on the population of Subachoque. The Subachoque area was also the site of the Battle of Campo Amalia , also known as the Battle of Subachoque, in 1861. Main economical activities of Subachoque are agriculture , livestock farming and small-scale mining . The most important agricultural products cultivated are potatoes , carrots , peas and fruits as peaches , pears , strawberries and apples . The Subachoque Formation

546-498: The first decade of the 17th century and are considered a legitimate and reliable documentary set of the language. Manuscript 158 of the National Library of Colombia has a Grammar, an annex called "Modos de hablar en la lengua Mosca o Chipcha" [ sic ], a Spanish-Muysca vocabulary and a "Catheçismo en la lengua Mosca o Chipcha" [ sic ]. It was transcribed by María Stella González and published by

SECTION 20

#1732782695350

572-644: The grapheme y . Recently, a couple of doctrinal texts of the Muysca language were discovered in the Bodleian Library, which were sewn into the final part of an anonymous grammar of the Quechua language, published in Seville in 1603. The first of them is a brief Grammar, and the second a brief Christian Doctrine. These pamphlets are considered the earliest known texts of the General Language of

598-522: The most accepted. In The languages of the Andes they present a phonologic chart based on the orthography developed during the colonial period, which diverges in some aspects from that used in Spanish according to the needs of the language. In his book Aproximación al sistema fonológico de la lengua muisca , González presents the following phonological table (González, 2006:57, 65, 122). González does not present approximants, although she considers [w] as

624-532: The region as part of a de-indigenization project. The ban remained in law until Colombia passed its constitution of 1991 . Modern Muisca scholars as Diego Gómez have claimed that the variety of languages was much larger than previously thought and that in fact there was a Chibcha dialect continuum that extended throughout the Cordillera Oriental from the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy to

650-445: The tongue to the back – zhysky – "head" The accentuation of the words is like in Spanish on the second-last syllable except when an accent is shown: Bacata is Ba-CA-ta and Bacatá is Ba-ca-TA. In case of repetition of the same vowel, the word can be shortened: fuhuchá ~ fuchá – "woman". In Chibcha, words are made of combinations where sometimes vowels are in front of the word. When this happens in front of another vowel,

676-409: The vowel changes as follows: a - uba becomes oba – "his (or her, its) face" a - ita becomes eta – "his base" a - yta becomes ata – "his hand" (note: ata also means "one") Sometimes this combination is not performed and the words are written with the prefix plus the new vowel: a-ita would become eta but can be written as aeta , a-uba as aoba and a-yta as ayta Muysca

#349650