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58-460: Suffolk County ( / ˈ s ʌ f ə k / SUF -ək ) is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of New York, constituting the eastern two-thirds of Long Island . It is bordered to its west by Nassau County , to its east by Gardiners Bay and the open Atlantic Ocean, to its north by Long Island Sound , and to its south by the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2020 United States census ,

116-469: A basin . This may create peninsulas, and occurred for example in the Keweenaw Peninsula . In the case of formation from meltwater, melting glaciers deposit sediment and form moraines , which act as dams for the meltwater. This may create bodies of water that surround the land, forming peninsulas. If deposition formed the peninsula, the peninsula was composed of sedimentary rock , which

174-526: A 6.9 percent margin, becoming the first Republican to carry the county since 1992. In 2020, Trump again won Suffolk County; this time, however, it was decided by just 232 votes out of nearly 800,000 votes cast, making it the closest county in the nation in terms of percentage margin, and representing nearly a seven-point swing towards the Democratic ticket of former Vice President Joe Biden and junior California senator Kamala Harris . In percentage terms, it

232-766: A Board of Supervisors or a County Legislature, and either an elected County Executive or appointed county manager. Counties without charters are run by a Board of Supervisors, in which Town Supervisors from towns within the county also sit on the county Board of Supervisors. For counties with a charter, the executives generally have powers to veto acts of the county legislature. The legislatures have powers of setting policies, levying taxes and distributing funds. Five of New York's counties are each coextensive with New York City 's five boroughs . They are New York County ( Manhattan ), Kings County ( Brooklyn ), Bronx County ( The Bronx ), Richmond County ( Staten Island ), and Queens County ( Queens ). In contrast to other counties of New York,

290-637: A crime. The local civil courts calendar small claims, evictions, and civil actions. Most non-criminal moving violation tickets issued in the 5 west towns are handled by the Traffic Violations Bureau, which is part of the New York State Department of Motor Vehicles , not the court system. School districts (all officially designated for grades K-12) include: Fire Island Lighthouse was an important landmark for many trans-Atlantic ships coming into New York Harbor in

348-566: A four-year term, operates the two Suffolk County correctional facilities (in Yaphank and Riverhead ), provides county courthouse security and detention, service and enforcement of civil papers, evictions and warrants. The Sheriff's Office is also responsible for securing all county-owned property, such as county government office buildings, as well as the campuses of the Suffolk County Community College . As of 2008,

406-738: A main span of 600 feet (200 m), with a clearance for boats of 60 feet (20 m). After crossing the State Boat Channel over its 665-foot (203 m)-long bascule bridge , the causeway meets the Ocean Parkway at a cloverleaf interchange. This interchange provides access to Captree State Park , Gilgo State Park and Jones Beach State Park . The Fire Island Inlet Bridge continues the two-lane road, one lane in each direction, across Fire Island Inlet to its terminus at Robert Moses State Park and The Fire Island Lighthouse. Robert Moses Causeway opened in 1964. Suffolk County has

464-668: A number of villages, such as Amityville , Lloyd Harbor , Northport , and Westhampton Beach that maintain their own police forces. In 1994, the Village of Greenport voted to abolish its police department and turn responsibility for law and order over to the Southold police department. After the Long Island State Parkway Police was disbanded in 1980, all state parkways in Suffolk County became

522-568: A study by the non-profit group ERASE Racism, which determined Suffolk and its neighboring county, Nassau, to be the most racially segregated suburbs in the United States. In 2006, there were 469,299 households, of which 37.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.00% were married couples living together, 10.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.20% were non-families. 18.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.80% had someone living alone who

580-482: A victory here in 1992, the county voted for Bill Clinton in 1996 and continued the trend by giving Al Gore an 11-percent victory in the county in 2000. 2004 Democratic candidate John Kerry won by a much smaller margin of under one percent, in 2008 Democratic candidate Barack Obama won by a slightly larger 6 percent margin, 52.5%-46.5%. In 2012, he carried the county by a slightly smaller margin 51%-47%. In 2016, Republican candidate Donald Trump won Suffolk County by

638-514: Is Bronx County , created in 1914 from the portions of New York City that had been annexed from Westchester County in the late 19th century and added to New York County . New York's counties are named for various Native American words; British provinces, counties, cities, and royalty; early American statesmen and military personnel; and New York State politicians. Excepting the five boroughs of New York City , New York counties are governed by New York County Law and have governments run by either

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696-625: Is 7b. Average monthly temperatures in Hauppauge range from 31.0 °F (−0.6 °C) in January to 74.0 °F (23.3 °C) in July, and in the Riverhead town center they range from 30.1 °F (−1.1 °C) in January to 72.8 °F (22.7 °C) in July, which includes both daytime and nighttime temperatures. On February 9, 2013, Suffolk County was besieged with 30 inches of snow, making it

754-459: Is a diversity of citizenship. The District Court and the Town and Village Courts are the local courts of Suffolk County. There are more than 30 local courts, each with limited criminal and civil subject matter and geographic jurisdictions. The local criminal courts have trial jurisdiction over misdemeanors, violations and infractions; preliminary jurisdiction over felonies; and traffic tickets charging

812-480: Is temperate, clean water is abundant, and the soil is so good that Suffolk is the leading agricultural county in New York State. That Suffolk is still number one in farming, even with the development that has taken place, is a tribute to thoughtful planning, along with the excellent soil, favorable weather conditions, and the work of the dedicated farmers in this region." According to the U.S. Census Bureau ,

870-586: The American Revolutionary War , Great Britain occupied Suffolk County after the retreat of George Washington's forces in the Battle of Long Island , and the county remained under occupation until the British evacuation of New York on November 25, 1783. According to the Suffolk County website, the county is the leading agricultural county in the state of New York, saying that: "The weather

928-572: The 16th century. A peninsula is generally defined as a piece of land surrounded on most sides by water. A peninsula may be bordered by more than one body of water, and the body of water does not have to be an ocean or a sea. A piece of land on a very tight river bend or one between two rivers is sometimes said to form a peninsula, for example in the New Barbadoes Neck in New Jersey , United States. A peninsula may be connected to

986-516: The 2016 presidential election season, on September 26, 2016, making Hofstra the first college or university in the United States to host a presidential debate in three consecutive elections. The presence on the 2016 ticket of Westchester County resident Hillary Clinton and Manhattan resident Donald Trump resulted in greater attention by the candidates to the concerns of Long Island. Trump visited Long Island voters and donors at least four times while Clinton made one stop for voters and one additional stop in

1044-502: The 2023 general election, gaining a 12-6 supermajority. Police services in the five western towns ( Babylon , Huntington , Islip , Smithtown and Brookhaven ) are provided primarily by the Suffolk County Police Department . The five "East End" towns ( Riverhead , Southold , Shelter Island , East Hampton , and Southampton ), maintain their own police and other law enforcement agencies. Also, there are

1102-714: The American Sociological Association's Marxist Section Book Award in 2007. Matt DeSimone, a young adult from Southold, and his partner Jake Dominy unsuccessfully started a similar movement in the late 2010s. List of counties in New York There are 62 counties in the U.S. state of New York . The first 12 were created immediately after the British took over the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam ; two of these counties were later abolished, their land going to Massachusetts. The newest

1160-775: The Democratic Party maintained control over the Suffolk County Legislature picking up one seat that had been held by an Independence Party member. In November 2013, the Republican Party gained the 14th district seat, but remained in the minority until 2021, when the GOP flipped the county legislature, picking up three seats with incumbents Robert Calarco (the sitting Presiding Officer) and Susan Berland (the sitting Majority Leader) losing their bids for re-election. The Suffolk GOP built on these gains in

1218-582: The Federal U.S. District Court, Eastern District of New York; and has various local municipal courts. The State Courts are divided into Supreme Court, which has general jurisdiction over all cases, and lower courts that either hear claims of a limited dollar amount, or of a specific nature. Similarly, the local courts hear claims of a limited dollar amount, or hear specific types of cases. The Federal Court has jurisdiction over Federal Claims, State Law claims that are joined with Federal claims, and claims where there

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1276-757: The Hamptons for donors. After the 2022 midterm election results were counted, Suffolk appears to have moved further to the right. Republican gubernatorial candidate and Suffolk County native Lee Zeldin won the county by more than 17 points over the Democrat candidate Kathy Hochul. Republicans, as of 2023, hold both congressional districts covering that being New York's 1st congressional district represented by Nick LaLota and New York's 2nd congressional district represented by Andrew Garbarino . The 2023 election saw this trend continue, with Republican Edward P. Romaine defeating Democrat David Calone by 14 points to become

1334-522: The Hamptons. In his review, Howard Zinn wrote that the book "[t]akes us beyond the much-romanticized beaches of Long Island to the rich entrepreneurs and their McMansions, the Latino workers, and the stubborn indigenous residents refusing to disappear. The book is important because it is in so many ways a microcosm of the nation." The book won the Association for Humanist Sociology's 2005 Book Prize and

1392-713: The New York state line 3 miles (5 km) south of Fire Island in the Atlantic Ocean. Some Suffolk County towns (Islip, Brookhaven, Southampton, East Hampton, Babylon, Huntington, Smithtown) also employ various bay constables and other local marine patrol, which are sworn armed peace officers with full arrest powers, providing back up to the Suffolk Police Marine Bureau as well as the United States Coast Guard . This includes Fire Island and parts of Jones Island barrier beaches and

1450-601: The Suffolk County Sheriff's Office employed 275 Deputy Sheriffs, 850 corrections officers, and about 200 civilian staff. Suffolk County has a long maritime history with several outer barrier beaches and hundreds of square miles of waterways . The Suffolk Police Marine Bureau patrols the 500 square miles (1,000 km) of navigable waterways within the police district, from the Connecticut and Rhode Island state line which bisects Long Island Sound to

1508-400: The United States . By 2014, the county's racial makeup was estimated at 85.2% White , 8.3% African American , 0.6% Native American , 4.0% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , and 1.8% from two or more races . Those identifying as Hispanic or Latino , of any race, were 18.2% of the population. Those who identified as "white alone", not being of Hispanic or Latino origin, represented 69.3% of

1566-619: The bill. Also in February 2019, a court ruled against the Suffolk County jail in the case of a former inmate who was denied hormone replacement therapy by the jail's doctors. Documents introduced in the trial indicate 11 other inmates were also denied treatment. Suffolk County is part of the 10th Judicial District of the New York State Unified Court System ; is home to the Alfonse M. D'Amato Courthouse of

1624-499: The case of Florida , continental drift, marine sediment, and marine transgressions were all contributing factors to its shape. In the case of formation from glaciers (e.g., the Antarctic Peninsula or Cape Cod ), peninsulas can be created due to glacial erosion , meltwater or deposition . If erosion formed the peninsula, softer and harder rocks were present, and since the glacier only erodes softer rock, it formed

1682-409: The census-estimated Long Island population of 7,869,820. The population density in 2010 was 1,637 people per square mile (632 people/km), with 569,985 households at an average density of 625 per square mile (241/km). However, by 2012, with an estimated total population increasing moderately to 1,499,273 there were 569,359 housing units. As of 2006, Suffolk County was the 21st-most populous county in

1740-426: The county had paid the victim $ 1.5 million in a settlement; it had also paid Burke more than $ 500,000 in benefits and salary while Burke was concealing his conduct. Trotta said that the faithless servant doctrine in New York common law gave him the power to claw back the compensation. The Suffolk County Legislature supported the suit unanimously. The following month Suffolk County Executive Steve Bellone signed

1798-462: The county has an area of 2,373 square miles (6,150 km), of which 912 square miles (2,360 km) is land and 1,461 square miles (3,780 km) (62%) is water. It is the second-largest county in New York by total area and occupies 66% of the land area of Long Island. Suffolk County occupies the central and eastern part of Long Island, in the extreme east of the State of New York. The eastern end of

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1856-568: The county is vulnerable to sea level rise . Suffolk County sits at the convergence of climate zones including the humid continental ( Dfa ) and humid subtropical ( Cfa ), bordering closely on an oceanic climate (Cfb). The majority of the county by land area is in the Dfa zone. Summers are cooler at the east end than in the western part of the county. The hardiness zone is 7a, except in Copiague Harbor , Lindenhurst, and Montauk, where it

1914-539: The county legislature until a landmark election in November 2005 where three Republican seats switched to the Democrats, giving them control. In November 2007, the Democratic Party once again retained control over the Suffolk County Legislature, picking up one seat in the process. In November 2009, the Republican Party regained the seat lost in 2007 but remained in the minority for the 2010-2011 session. In November 2011,

1972-641: The county splits into two peninsulas , known as the North Fork and the South Fork . The county is surrounded by water on three sides, including the Atlantic Ocean and Long Island Sound , with 980 miles (1,580 km) of coastline. The eastern end contains large bays . The highest elevation in the county, and on Long Island as a whole, is Jayne's Hill in West Hills , at 401 feet (122 m) above sea level. This low lying-geography means that much of

2030-491: The county was $ 26,577. Using a weighted average from 2009 to 2014 about 6.40% of the population were below the poverty line In earlier censuses, the population below the poverty line included 2.70% of those under age 18 and 2.30% of those age 65 or over. In 2003, Democrat Steve Levy was elected county executive, ending longtime Republican control. In 2001, Democrat Thomas Spota was elected District Attorney, and ran unopposed in 2005. Although Suffolk voters gave George H. W. Bush

2088-633: The county's high population density and proximity to New York City has resulted in a diverse economy, including industry, science, agriculture, fishery, and tourism. Major scientific research facilities in Suffolk County include Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton and Plum Island Animal Disease Center on Plum Island . The county is home to Stony Brook University in Stony Brook and Farmingdale State College in Farmingdale . Suffolk County

2146-544: The county's population was 1,525,920, its highest decennial count ever, making Suffolk the fourth-most populous county in the State of New York, and the most populous outside of the boroughs of New York City. Its county seat is Riverhead , though most county offices are in Hauppauge . The county was named after the county of Suffolk in England, the origin of its earliest European settlers. Suffolk County incorporates

2204-523: The county. Since the New York state legislature created the New York State University Police in 1999, they are in charge of all law enforcement services for State University of New York property and campuses. The State University Police have jurisdiction in Suffolk County at Stony Brook University and Farmingdale State College. The Suffolk County Sheriff's Office is a separate agency. The sheriff, an elected official who serves

2262-492: The current Suffolk County would comprise a new county to be called Peconic County . Peconic County would consist of the five easternmost towns of Suffolk County: East Hampton , Riverhead , Shelter Island , Southampton and Southold , plus the Shinnecock Indian Reservation . The proposed Peconic County flag showed the two forks at the east end of Long Island separated by Peconic Bay. The star on

2320-739: The early 20th century. For many European immigrants, the Fire Island Light was their first sight of land upon arrival in America. The Fire Island Inlet span of the Robert Moses Causeway connects to Robert Moses State Park on the western tip of Fire Island. The Great South Bay Bridge , the first causeway bridge, had only one northbound and one southbound lane, was opened to traffic in April 1954. The span of 2 miles (3 km) across Great South Bay to Captree Island features

2378-491: The easternmost extreme of both the New York City metropolitan area and New York State. The geographically largest of Long Island 's four counties and the second-largest of New York's 62 counties, Suffolk County is 86 miles (138 km) in length and 26 miles (42 km) in width at its widest (including water). Most of the island is near sea level, with over 1,000 miles of coastline. Like other parts of Long Island ,

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2436-534: The islands of the Great South Bay . Marine units also respond to water and ice rescues on the inland lakes, ponds, and streams of the District. In February 2019, legislator Robert Trotta (R- Fort Salonga ) put forward a resolution to recover salary and benefits from James Burke, the county's former police chief. Burke had pled guilty to beating a man while in police custody and attempting to conceal it, and

2494-523: The largest day of snowfall on record in Suffolk. Suffolk County has maritime boundaries with five other U.S. counties and is connected by land only to Nassau County. According to the 2010 U.S. census there were 1,493,350 people and 569,985 households residing in the county. The census estimated Suffolk County's population decreased slightly to 1,481,093 in 2018, representing 7.5% of the census-estimated New York State population of 19,745,289 and 19.0% of

2552-531: The mainland via an isthmus , for example, in the Isthmus of Corinth which connects to the Peloponnese peninsula. Peninsulas can be formed from continental drift , glacial erosion , glacial meltwater , glacial deposition , marine sediment , marine transgressions , volcanoes, divergent boundaries or river sedimentation. More than one factor may play into the formation of a peninsula. For example, in

2610-411: The most lighthouses of any United States county, with 15 of its original 26 lighthouses still standing. Of these 15, eight are in Southold township alone, giving it more lighthouses than any other township in the United States. At various times, there have been proposals for a division of Suffolk County into two counties. The western portion would be called Suffolk County, while the eastern portion of

2668-471: The nation to vote for Trump. As a whole, both Suffolk and Nassau counties are considered swing counties. However, until 2016, they tended not to receive significant attention from presidential candidates, as the state of New York has turned reliably Democratic at the national level. In 2008 and 2012, Hofstra University in Nassau County hosted a presidential debate. Hofstra hosted the first debate of

2726-506: The next County Executive. Republicans also gained a 12-6 supermajority in the County Legislature, seeing a net gain of one seat. * Appointed to complete Cohalan's term. ** Levy was originally elected as a Democrat, but became a Republican in 2010. The county has 18 legislative districts, each represented by a legislator. As of 2024, there are 11 Republicans , 6 Democrats , and 1 Conservative . Republicans controlled

2784-612: The north represents Southold. The stars on the South Fork represent Southampton and East Hampton. Riverhead is at the fork mouth and Shelter Island is between the forks. The secessionist movement has not been active since 1998. The End of the Hamptons: Scenes from the Class Struggle in America's Paradise , by Corey Dolgon (New York University Press, 2005) examined the class roots of the secessionist movement in

2842-417: The population. In 2006, the county's racial or ethnic makeup was 83.6% White (75.4% White Non-Hispanic). African Americans were 7.4% of the population. Asians stood at 3.4% of the population. 5.4% were of other or mixed race. Latinos were 13.0% of the population. In 2007, Suffolk County's most common ethnicities were Italian (29.5%), Irish (24.0%), and German (17.6%). In 2002, The New York Times cited

2900-678: The powers of the five boroughs of New York City are very limited and in nearly all respects are governed by the city government. Only a few officials are elected on a borough-wide basis, such as the five borough presidents , district attorneys, and all county and state supreme court judges. There are no official county seats, but the locations of borough halls and courthouses bestow certain neighborhoods an informal designation as county seats within their boroughs: Peninsula The word peninsula derives from Latin paeninsula , from paene  'almost' and insula  'island'. The word entered English in

2958-767: The responsibility of Troop L of the New York State Police , headquartered at Republic Airport . State parks, such as Robert Moses State Park , are the responsibility of the New York State Park Police , based at Belmont Lake State Park . In 1996, the Long Island Rail Road Police Department was consolidated into the Metropolitan Transportation Authority Police , which has jurisdiction over all rail lines in

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3016-468: The sediment is deposited, forming a delta peninsula. Marine transgressions (changes in sea level) may form peninsulas, but also may affect existing peninsulas. For example, the water level may change, which causes a peninsula to become an island during high water levels. Similarly, wet weather causing higher water levels make peninsulas appear smaller, while dry weather make them appear larger. Sea level rise from global warming will permanently reduce

3074-510: The top 25 richest counties in America. In 2016, according to Business Insider , the 11962 zip code encompassing Sagaponack , within Southampton , was listed as the most expensive in the U.S., with a median home sale price of $ 8.5 million. The median income for a household in the county was $ 84,767, and the median income for a family was $ 72,112. Males had a median income of $ 50,046 versus $ 33,281 for females. The per capita income for

3132-564: The volcano erupts near shallow water. Marine sediment may form peninsulas by the creation of limestone . A rift peninsula may form as a result of a divergent boundary in plate tectonics (e.g. the Arabian Peninsula ), while a convergent boundary may also form peninsulas (e.g. Gibraltar or the Indian subcontinent ). Peninsulas can also form due to sedimentation in rivers. When a river carrying sediment flows into an ocean,

3190-553: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.36. In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.10% under the age of 18, 7.60% from 18 to 24, 31.20% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 11.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.80 males. In 2008, Forbes magazine released its American Community Survey and named Suffolk County number 4 in its list of

3248-504: Was created from a large deposit of glacial drift . The hill of drift becomes a peninsula if the hill formed near water but was still connected to the mainland, for example during the formation of Cape Cod about 23,000 years ago. In the case of formation from volcanoes, when a volcano erupts magma near water, it may form a peninsula (e.g., the Alaskan Peninsula ). Peninsulas formed from volcanoes are especially common when

3306-633: Was part of the Connecticut Colony before becoming an original county of the Province of New York , one of twelve created in 1683. From 1664 until 1683, it had been the East Riding of Yorkshire . Its boundaries were essentially the same as at present, with only minor changes in the boundary with its western neighbor, which was originally Queens County but has been Nassau County since the separation of Nassau from Queens in 1899. During

3364-456: Was the closest county in the state, although Ontario County and Warren County had narrower raw vote margins of just 33 and 57 votes, respectively. Suffolk was one of five counties in the state that Trump won by less than 500 votes. With Tarrant County, Texas and Maricopa County, Arizona flipping Democratic in 2020, Suffolk, along with Collin County, Texas were the most populous counties in

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