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39-556: According to Jeff Berry and others, a suffering bastard cocktail was created at the Shepheard's Hotel in Cairo. Bartender Joe Scialom was looking to make a hangover drink for allied troops and according to the story made one as a "cure" for the suffering soldiers who complained about the poor quality of liquor in the area. Both the drink and the hotel played a role in WWII. When the war

78-449: A Dead Bastard . The VenTiki Lounge uses brandy for the suffering bastard on their classic tiki drinks menu, but the recipe varies from bar to bar and is significantly different from the one created by Trader Vic. Although the suffering bastard is strongly associated with Tiki bars and Trader Vic , a recipe for the cocktail was not included in his 1947 Bartender's Guide recipe book. It does appear in later editions however, and appeared in

117-521: A tailcoat with light-coloured breeches and a top hat which, by its shallow crown, indicates its middle-class identity. During the Georgian period his waistcoat is red and/or his tailcoat is royal blue which, together with his buff or white breeches, can thus refer to a greater or lesser extent to the "blue and buff" scheme; this was used by supporters of Whig politics, which was part of what John Arbuthnot wished to deride when he created and designed

156-749: A location in Agatha Christie 's Crooked House , and is mentioned in Death on the Nile and Anthony Trollope 's short-p story, "An Unprotected Female at the Pyramids" (1861). It also features regularly in Elizabeth Peters ' Amelia Peabody novels. The modern "Shepheard Hotel" was erected in 1957 by Egyptian Hotels Ltd. in Garden City, Cairo , about 0.8 kilometres (0.50 mi) from

195-454: A popular joke amongst the British and Australian soldiers waiting for service at the "long bar" was: "Wait until he [Rommel] gets to Shepheard's; that'll hold him up". The Suffering bastard cocktail was created at the bar. Bartender Joe Scialom was looking to make a hangover drink for allied troops and according to story made one as a "cure" for the suffering soldiers who complained about

234-568: A sister named Peg (Scotland), and a traditional adversary in Louis Baboon (the House of Bourbon in France). Peg continued in pictorial art beyond the 18th century, but the other figures associated with the original tableau dropped away. John Bull himself continued to frequently appear as a national symbol in posters and cartoons as late as World War I. Bull is usually depicted as a stout man in

273-599: A strong natural feeling. He excels in humour more than in wit; is jolly rather than gay; melancholy rather than morose; can easily be moved to a sudden tear or surprised into a broad laugh; but he loathes sentiment and has no turn for light pleasantry. He is a boon companion, if you allow him to have his humour and to talk about himself; and he will stand by a friend in a quarrel with life and purse, however soundly he may be cudgelled. The cartoon image of stolid, stocky, conservative and well-meaning John Bull, dressed like an English country squire , sometimes explicitly contrasted with

312-475: Is a national personification of the United Kingdom , especially in political cartoons and similar graphic works. He is usually depicted as a stout, middle-aged, country-dwelling, jolly and matter-of-fact man. He originated in satirical works of the early 18th century and would come to stand for " English liberty " in opposition to revolutionaries. He was popular through the 18th and 19th centuries until

351-402: Is a common sight in British editorial cartoons of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Singer David Bowie wore a coat in the style of Bull. Washington Irving described him in his chapter entitled "John Bull" from The Sketch Book: ...[A] plain, downright, matter-of-fact fellow, with much less of poetry about him than rich prose. There is little of romance in his nature, but a vast deal of

390-652: The Egyptian Revolution of 1952 . The hotel has had many notable fictional guests. It was portrayed in the 1934 British film The Camels are Coming . The hotel is the setting for a number of scenes in the 1996 film The English Patient but actual filming of the scenes happened at The Grand Hotel des Bains in Venice Lido , Italy. The hotel is used as a base of operations in The Race Colonization series by Harry Turtledove , as

429-742: The War of the Spanish Succession , John Bull brings a lawsuit against various figures intended to represent the kings of France (Louis Baboon) and Spain (Lord Strutt), as well as institutions both foreign and domestic. The allegory was intended primarily as attack against the Whigs , their foreign policy and their financiers who were profiting from the war. In Arbuthnot's work John Bull personifies England while his sister Peg symbolises his native Scotland . William Hogarth and other British writers made Bull, originally derided, "a heroic archetype of

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468-403: The freeborn Englishman ." Later, the figure of Bull was disseminated overseas by illustrators and writers such as American cartoonist Thomas Nast and Irish writer George Bernard Shaw , author of John Bull's Other Island . Starting in the 1760s, Bull was portrayed as an Anglo-Saxon country dweller. He was almost always depicted in a buff-coloured waistcoat and a simple frock coat (in

507-480: The "key" ingredient as being the inclusion of rum from Barbados . A 21st century cocktail menu at Trader Vic's describes the drink as "A forthright blend of rums, lime and liquors with an affinity for cucumber". When ordered in Tiki bars, the suffering bastard is often served in the uniquely shaped and eponymously named "suffering bastard Tiki mug ", made to look like a squat fellow with a hangover holding his hands over

546-429: The 1968 Trader Vic's Pacific Island Cookbook and calling for both light and dark rums with lime juice and dashes of Curaçao , orgeat syrup , and rock candy syrup. Other Vic recipes called for the use of his commercial Mai-Tai mix as a basis along with multiple rums, lime juice, and the unusual garnishment for a Tiki drink of a cucumber peel. A hand written note allegedly from a waiter at Trader Vic's circa 1970 listed

585-627: The Compagnie Internationaldes Grands Hôtels. This company in turn was purchased by the Swiss hotel magnate Karl (Charles) Baehler. Shepheard's Hotel was famed for its grandeur, for its guests, and as a base for the military. It was renowned for its opulence, with stained glass, Persian carpets, gardens, terraces, and great granite pillars resembling those of the Ancient Egyptian temples. Its American Bar

624-461: The Egyptian characters who spoke proper French.   Likewise, the musician, playwright and Irish Republican Dominic Behan criticized the British government via the proxy of John Bull in his popular ballad, The Patriot Game : This Ireland of mine has for long been half free, Six counties are under John Bull's tyranny. And still de Valera is greatly to blame For shirking his part in

663-650: The French nickname for English people, les rosbifs , which translates as "the 'Roast Beefs.'" It is also reminiscent of the animal, and for that reason Bull is portrayed as "virile, strong, and stubborn," like a bull. A typical John Bull Englishman is referenced in Margaret Fuller 's Summer on the Lakes, in 1843 in Chapter 2: " Murray's travels I read, and was charmed by their accuracy and clear broad tone. He

702-433: The bar of Shepheard's". Tourist shops faced the hotel from across the street, and there was a storeroom where officers could leave their excess luggage. Reviews of the hotel's cuisine varied over time. At an early stage, its food was said to leave "much to be desired" but, by the middle of the 20th century, others were describing the food as "as good as anything at Paris' Ritz , or Berlin's Adlon , or Rome's Grand". By

741-468: The character. By the twentieth century, however, his waistcoat nearly always depicts a Union Flag , and his coat is generally dark blue. (Otherwise, however, his clothing still echoes the fashions of the Regency period .) He wears a low topper (sometimes called a John Bull topper) and is often accompanied by a bulldog . John Bull has been used in a variety of different ad campaigns over the years, and

780-494: The conventionalised scrawny, French revolutionary sans-culottes Jacobin , was developed from about 1790 by British satirical artists James Gillray , Thomas Rowlandson and Isaac Cruikshank . (An earlier national personification was Sir Roger de Coverley , from a 1711 edition of The Spectator . ) A more negative portrayal of John Bull occurred in the cartoons drawn by the Egyptian nationalist journalist Yaqub Sanu in his popular underground newspaper Abu-Naddara Zarqa in

819-583: The documentation of the hotel has likely to do with a concerted attempt by the British colonial authorities after the First World War to eradicate any trace of German influence in Egypt . Ownership of the hotel passed into the hands of Zech's daughter and her husband, Mr. and Mrs. Kemmerich. In 1896, the Kemmerichs sold the hotel to Egyptian Hotels Ltd., a British company that subsequently leased it to

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858-566: The hotel closed in 2014. In March 2020, E.G.O.T.H. signed an agreement with Saudi Arabia's AlSharif Group Holding to finance developing and furnishing the renovation worth $ 90 million. In 2021, it was announced that Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group had been selected to operate the renovated hotel. In 2022, a reopening date was set for 2024. 30°02′32″N 31°13′54″E  /  30.04222°N 31.23167°E  / 30.04222; 31.23167 John Bull John Bull

897-456: The hotel, and Shepheard became the sole owner. Shepheard sold the hotel in 1861 for £10,000 to the Bavarian hotelier Philip Zech (or Zeck) and retired to Eathorpe Hall, Eathorpe , Warwickshire, England. Richard Burton , a close friend of Shepheard, left a detailed description of his generous character and successful career, describing him as "a remarkable man in many points, and in all things

936-528: The late 1940s the quality of the long established hotel appeared to have declined. The writer Philip Toynbee described it in his diary as an "ancient hell" Among its famous guests were Aga Khan , the Maharajah of Jodhpur , Richard Markgraf and Winston Churchill . On 26 January 1952 the hotel was destroyed during the Cairo Fire , a period of anti-British riots and dramatic civil unrest that led to

975-446: The late 19th and early 20th centuries. Sanu's cartoons depicted John Bull as a coarse, ignorant drunken bully who pushed around ordinary Egyptians while stealing all the wealth of Egypt. Much of Sanu's humor revolved around John Bull's alcoholism, his crass rudeness, his ignorance about practically everything except alcohol, and his inability to properly speak French (the language of the Egyptian elite), which he hilariously mangled unlike

1014-409: The model John Bull ". The hotel was renovated in 1869 after a fire destroyed the south wing of the building. By the last decade of the 19th century, it was apparent that the original building was dated; for it to remain competitive, a new structure would have to be constructed ex novo . Zech employed the services of a young Nuremberg-born German architect, Johann Adam Rennebaum, to design a hotel on

1053-569: The past Navy blue, but more recently with the Union Jack colours). Britannia , or a lion, is sometimes used as an alternative in some editorial cartoons . As a literary figure, John Bull is well-intentioned, frustrated, full of common sense, and entirely of native country stock. Unlike Uncle Sam later, he is not a figure of authority but rather a yeoman who prefers his small beer and domestic peace, possessed of neither patriarchal power nor heroic defiance. John Arbuthnot provided him with

1092-517: The patriot game. Increasingly through the early twentieth century, John Bull became seen as not particularly representative of "the common man," and during the First World War this function was largely taken over by the figure of Tommy Atkins . According to Alison Light , during the interwar years the nation abandoned "formerly heroic...public rhetorics of national destiny" in favour of "an Englishness at once less imperial and more inward-looking, more domestic and more private". Consequently, John Bull

1131-546: The poor quality of liquor in the area. During the fighting, Nazi General Rommel allegedly said "I'll be drinking champagne in the master suite at Shepheard's soon". The "long bar" was popular with the cabinet of the Greek government-in-exile, and Harold Macmillan wrote in his diary on 21 August 1944 that the Greek government-in-exile should move to Italy to escape the "poisonous atmosphere of intrigue which reigns in Cairo. All previous Greek governments-in-exile have been broken in

1170-463: The same plot that would far exceed its predecessors in size and luxury. The construction of this final building, completed in 1891, is the most famous and well-documented incarnation of the hotel. In 1898, the Arab Hall (also designed by Rennebaum) was added in the central courtyard of the building, and further expansions occurred in 1904, 1909 and 1927. The near-total omission of Rennebaum's name in

1209-521: The site of the original hotel. The new hotel, and the land on which it stands, is owned by E.G.O.T.H. (The Egyptian General Company for Tourism & Hotels). The hotel was managed by Helnan International Hotels and known as the Helnan Shepheard Hotel. On September 29, 2009, it was announced that Rocco Forte Hotels would completely renovate the property and reopen it under their own management in 2012. The renovations never happened, and

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1248-566: The time of the First World War , when he generally stopped being seen as representative of the "common man". John Bull originated as a satirical character created by John Arbuthnot , a friend of Jonathan Swift and Alexander Pope . Bull first appeared in 1712 in Arbuthnot's pamphlet Law is a Bottomless Pit . The same year Arbuthnot published a four-part political narrative The History of John Bull . In this satirical treatment of

1287-512: The top of his head in pain. According to Trader Vic's the mug originally had the name of Mai-Tai Joe , perhaps because Trader Vic is largely credited with having invented the Mai-Tai and his commercial Mai-Tai mix is sometimes used in the making of suffering bastard cocktails. Shepheard%27s Hotel Shepheard's Hotel was the leading hotel in Cairo and one of the most celebrated hotels in

1326-468: The world from the middle of the 19th century until its destruction in 1952 during the Cairo Fire . Five years after the original hotel was destroyed, a new one was built nearby and named the Shepheard Hotel. The hotel was originally established in 1841 by Samuel Shepheard under the name "Hotel des Anglais" (English Hotel), and was later renamed "Shepheard's Hotel". Shepheard, an Englishman who

1365-534: Was frequented not only by Americans but also by French and British officers. There were nightly dances at which men appeared in military uniform and women in evening gowns. The bar was also known as the "long bar" because it was always so crowded that it required considerable waiting to get a drink. In 1941–42, when there were very real fears that the Wehrmacht's Afrika Korps under Erwin Rommel might take Cairo,

1404-425: Was frequently swapped out for the brandy where it was available however, and for a short period of time the drink was also called the suffering bar steward , for those that found the use of the word bastard offensive. Berry also notes that when Scialom made other versions he had different names for them, and that the addition of bourbon made the drink a Dying Bastard , and the addition of both bourbon and rum made it

1443-484: Was going well for the Axis, German General Rommel allegedly said "I'll be drinking champagne in the master suite at Shepheard's soon." The allies did well, however, and the drink was supposedly so popular with the troops that a telegram was sent asking for several gallons to be made and brought to the front lines. According to Berry, Scialom's original handwritten recipe as provided by his daughter called for brandy. Bourbon

1482-477: Was once described as "an undistinguished apprentice pastry chef", came from Preston Capes , Northamptonshire. He co-owned the hotel with Mr. Hill, Mohammed Ali Pasha's head coachman, and proved to be a successful entrepreneur and businessman. On one occasion, when soldiers staying at the hotel were suddenly moved to Crimea , leaving unpaid bills, Shepheard travelled personally to Sevastopol in order to collect payment. In 1845, Hill relinquished his interest in

1521-534: Was replaced by Sidney Strube 's suburban Little Man as the personification of the nation. Some saw John Bull's replacement by the Little Man as symbolic of Britain's post-First World War decline; W. H. Auden 's 1937 poem "Letter to Lord Byron" favourably contrasted John Bull to the Little Man. Auden wrote: John Bull's surname is also reminiscent of the alleged fondness of the English for beef, reflected in

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