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67-512: The drone is based on the earlier Mikoyan Skat , designed by MiG , encompassing some technologies of the fifth-generation Sukhoi Su-57 fighter jet. As of 2021, it was projected to act under the control of pilots of Su-57 jets in a potential future version, similar to the USAF Skyborg program. First operational use was reported in July 2023 as a reconnaissance flight over Ukraine during

134-496: A Russian Iskander ballistic missile in an apparent attempt to deny Ukraine and its allies access to the wreckage, but crash site footage indicated that the wreckage had already been recovered by Ukrainian police for further analysis. Data from TASS, Ainonline General characteristics Performance Armament Related development Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era Mikoyan Skat The Mikoyan Skat ( Russian : Микоян Скат , skate )

201-467: A Ukrainian analyst reported that for guidance the S-70 relies on a basic radio link using the accompanying Su-57 as relay, as opposed to something network-centric like NATO 's Link-16 , and characterized the S-70 as "more like a glider equipped with basic flight capabilities and radio controls." While a S-70 model shown at the 2019 MAKS International Aviation and Space Salon has low-observable apertures,

268-432: A conventional wing and long-thin fuselage. This can actually result in higher drag and thus lower efficiency than a conventional design. Typically the solution adopted in this case is to keep the wing reasonably thin, and the aircraft is then fitted with an assortment of blisters, pods, nacelles, fins, and so forth to accommodate all the needs of a practical aircraft. The problem becomes more acute at supersonic speeds, where

335-509: A flying wing, or Nurflügel , design with a pair of Junkers Jumo 004 jet engines in its second, or "V2" (V for Versuch ) prototype airframe; as such, it was the world's first pure flying wing to be powered by twin jet engines , being first reportedly flown in March 1944. V2 was piloted by Erwin Ziller, who was killed when a flameout in one of its engines led to a crash. Plans were made to produce

402-527: A maximum takeoff weight of ten tons, with a maximum speed of 800 kilometers per hour (497 mph) at low altitude. It is intended to carry a combat load of up to two tons, with a combat radius of 2,000 km (1,240 miles). Possible roles include the suppression and attack of enemy air defenses. The first version of Skat to fly was planned to be piloted in order to meet Russian flight regulations. A number of aerodynamic configurations have been wind tunnel-tested, including with small twin fins. MiG has settled on

469-602: A natural solution to the problem of building an airliner large enough to carry a reasonable passenger load and enough fuel to cross the Atlantic in regular service. He believed that the flying wing's potentially large internal volume and low drag made it an obvious design for this role. His deep-chord monoplane wing was incorporated in the otherwise conventional Junkers J 1 in December 1915. In 1919 he started work on his "Giant" JG1 design, intended to seat passengers within

536-610: A new flat jet nozzle and no afterburner was shown being towed out of a hangar. Okhotnik reportedly tested unguided weapons such as free-fall bombs in 2021, and carried out tests with precision-guided munitions in 2022. In August 2023, it was reported that state tests for the Okhotnik would be completed by the end of 2023, with the drone expected to enter mass production in 2024. The vice-governor of Novosibirsk oblast said in January 2024 that serial production of Okhotnik would begin in

603-466: A patent for an aero-plane or flying aircraft powered by two propellers and with all the characteristics of a flying wing as we know it today. Tailless aircraft have been experimented with since the earliest attempts to fly. Britain's J. W. Dunne was an early pioneer, his swept-wing biplane and monoplane designs displayed inherent stability as early as 1910. His work directly influenced several other designers, including G. T. R. Hill , who developed

670-677: A series of experimental tailless aircraft designs, collectively known as the Westland-Hill Pterodactyls , during the 1920s and early 1930s. Despite attempts to pursue orders from the Aviation Ministry , the Pterodactyl programme was ultimately cancelled during the mid 1930s before any order for the Mk. VI was issued. Germany's Hugo Junkers patented his own wing-only air transport concept in 1910, seeing it as

737-639: A series of flight tests during which the drone flew several meters above a runway of the NAPO plant. On 3 August 2019, Okhotnik performed its maiden flight. The drone flew for about 20 minutes at an altitude of 600 meters above Chkalov State Flight Test Center in Akhtubinsk , and made several circles around the airfield. On August 7, the Russian Defence Ministry released a video of the first flight. On 27 September 2019, Russian MoD released

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804-501: A short fuselage to house the crew and additional passengers. The Soviet Boris Ivanovich Cheranovsky began testing tailless flying wing gliders in 1924. After the 1920s, Soviet designers such as Cheranovsky worked independently and in secret under Stalin . With significant breakthrough in materials and construction methods, aircraft such as the BICh-3 , BICh-14 , BICh-7A became possible. Men like Chizhevskij and Antonov also came into

871-401: A swept wing as seen in the direction of the airflow depends on the yaw angle relative to the airflow. Yaw increases the aspect ratio of the leading wing and reduces that of the trailing one. With sufficient sweep-back, differential induced drag resulting from the tip vortices and crossflow is sufficient to naturally re-align the aircraft. A complementary approach uses twist or wash-out, reducing

938-464: A tailless configuration. General characteristics Performance Armament Up to 2 tons of weapons in internal bays (Kh-31A as air-to-surface missile and Kh-31P as the air-to-radar one) Related development Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era Flying-wing A flying wing is a tailless fixed-wing aircraft that has no definite fuselage , with its crew, payload, fuel, and equipment housed inside

1005-557: A thick wing, but two years later the Allied Aeronautical Commission of Control ordered the incomplete JG1 destroyed for exceeding postwar size limits on German aircraft. Junkers conceived futuristic flying wings for up to 1,000 passengers; the nearest this came to realization was in the 1931 Junkers G.38 34-seater Grossflugzeug airliner, which featured a large thick-chord wing providing space for fuel, engines, and two passenger cabins. However, it still required

1072-505: A video showcasing the first flight of Okhotnik alongside Su-57 . Reportedly the UAV flew autonomously for more than 30 minutes, interacting with the Su-57 to test extending the fighter's radar and target designation range to enable use of long-range air-launched weapons from outside enemy air defenses. On 12 February 2021, it was reported that three additional prototypes were under construction at

1139-602: Is a concept of a stealth unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) being developed by Mikoyan for the Russian Ministry of Defence since 2005. Origin of the Skat UCAV dates back to 2005 when Mikoyan started working on the project. Emphasis was put on low-observability and thus the drone was designed in a flying wing configuration, in the form of a triangle, with use of composite materials and with armament hidden in two internal weapons bays. Its only full-size mockup

1206-436: Is a variable-geometry concept comprising a long-span subsonic wing and a short-span supersonic wing, joined in the form of an unequal cross. Proposed in 2011, the low-speed wing would have a thick, rounded airfoil able to contain the payload and a long span for high efficiency, while the high-speed wing would have a thin, sharp-edged airfoil and a shorter span for low drag at supersonic speed. The craft would take off and land with

1273-415: Is theoretically the lowest- drag design configuration for a fixed wing aircraft. However, because it lacks conventional stabilizing surfaces and the associated control surfaces, in its purest form the flying wing suffers from being unstable and difficult to control. The basic flying wing configuration became an object of significant study during the 1920s, often in conjunction with other tailless designs. In

1340-409: Is to angle or crank the wing tip sections downward with significant anhedral , increasing the area at the rear of the aircraft when viewed from the side. When combined with sweepback and washout, it can resolve another problem. With a conventional elliptical lift distribution the downgoing elevon causes increased induced drag that causes the aircraft to yaw out of the turn ("adverse yaw"). Washout angles

1407-597: The Russian invasion of Ukraine , and an out of control S-70 was deliberately shot down by a Russian Su-57 over Ukraine in October 2024. The Okhotnik has been under development since at least 2011, when Sukhoi was selected by the Russian Defense Ministry to lead a programme for a new heavy unmanned reconnaissance and attack drone. The new UCAV is being jointly developed by MiG and Sukhoi, based on data of

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1474-616: The Second World War , both Nazi Germany and the Allies made advances in developing flying wings. Military interest in the flying wing waned during the 1950s with the development of supersonic aircraft, but was renewed in the 1980s due to their potential for stealth technology . This approach eventually led to the Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit stealth bomber. There has been continual interest in using it in

1541-556: The Sumy region in apparent aerial reconnaissance during the Russian invasion of Ukraine . On 5 October 2024, an S-70 was shot down by an air-to-air missile from a Russian Su-57 , near Kostiantynivka , in Ukraine . Together the S-70 and the Su-57 had taken off from Akhtubinsk Air Base 365 miles (587 km) behind the front line for an operational test flight. The drone apparently lost contact with its ground control and flew in

1608-543: The 1930s Jack Northrop independently worked on his own designs. The Northrop N-1M , a scale prototype for a long-range bomber, first flew in 1940. In 1941 Northrop was awarded a development contract to build 2 examples of the YB-35 flying wing, a very large 4 engined flying wing with a span of 172'. Development and construction of this aircraft continued throughout World War II. Other 1930s examples of true flying wings include Frenchman Charles Fauvel 's AV3 glider of 1933 and

1675-568: The 1936 summer Olympics in Berlin. In Germany , Alexander Lippisch worked first on tailless types before progressively moving to flying wings, while the Horten brothers developed a series of flying wing gliders through the 1930s. The H1 glider was flown with partial success in 1933, and the subsequent H2 flown successfully in both glider and powered variants. In the United States , from

1742-567: The A.W.52 yielded disappointing results; the first prototype crashed without loss of life on 30 May 1949, the occasion being the first emergency use of an ejection seat by a British pilot. The second A.W.52 remained flying with the Royal Aircraft Establishment until 1954. Projects continued to examine the flying wing during the postwar era. The work on the YB-35 long-range bomber begun in 1941, had continued throughout

1809-477: The Aeronautical Society of Great Britain, Dunne described the effect as "tangential gain". The existence of proverse yaw was not proved until NASA flew its Prandtl-D tailless demonstrator. In some flying wing designs, any stabilizing fins and associated control rudders would be too far forward to have much effect, thus alternative means for yaw control are sometimes provided. One solution to

1876-500: The American Freel Flying Wing glider flown in 1937. featuring a self-stabilizing airfoil on a straight wing. During the Second World War , aerodynamic issues became sufficiently understood for work on a range of production-representative prototypes to commence. In Nazi Germany , the Horten brothers were keen proponents of the flying wing configuration, developing their own designs around it - uniquely for

1943-540: The Novosibirsk Chkalov Aviation Plant, according to a source in the military-industrial complex. The second model is a modified copy of the 1st prototype, with the 3rd and 4th prototypes identical to the serial production unit. Improvements relate to the systems of onboard radio-electronic equipment and structural elements of the airframe. The three additional prototypes were expected to be ready for flight tests in 2022 and 2023. The source in

2010-600: The Skat was not among the future projects of MiG showcased at the 2021 MAKS air show . The Skat is a low-observable, subsonic UCAV meant to carry weapons in two ventral weapons bays large enough for missiles such as the Kh-31 , powered by a single Klimov RD-5000B turbofan engine, a variant of the RD-93 . The single-engine subsonic design has an 11.5 meter (37.7 ft) wingspan, and is 10.25 meters (33.6 ft) long. The UCAV has

2077-543: The aerodynamic centre, which in turn means that the fin is inefficient and to be effective the fin area must be large. Such a large fin has weight and drag penalties, and can negate the advantages of the flying wing. The problem can be minimized by increasing the wing sweepback and placing twin fins outboard near the tips, as for example in a low-aspect-ratio delta wing , but given the corresponding reduction in efficiency many flying wings have gentler sweepback and consequently have, at best, marginal stability. The aspect ratio of

Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik-B - Misplaced Pages Continue

2144-626: The aerodynamic drawbacks of the flying wing to be minimized, making for an efficient and effectively stable long-range bomber. Due to the practical need for a deep wing, the flying wing concept is mostly adopted for subsonic aircraft . There has been continual interest in using it in the large transport role where the wing is deep enough to hold cargo or passengers. A number of companies, including Boeing , McDonnell Douglas , and Armstrong Whitworth , have undertaken design studies on flying wing airliners to date; however, no such airliners have yet been built as of 2023. The bi-directional flying wing

2211-488: The aircraft may be less efficient than a conventional design. Some related aircraft that are not strictly flying wings have been described as such. Some types, such as the Northrop Flying Wing (NX-216H) , still have a tail stabilizer mounted on tail booms, although they lack a fuselage. Many hang gliders and microlight aircraft are tailless. Although sometimes referred to as flying wings, these types carry

2278-415: The angle of attack towards the wing tips, together with a swept-back wing planform. The Dunne D.5 incorporated this principle and its designer J. W. Dunne published it in 1913. The wash-out reduces lift at the tips to create a bell-shaped distribution curve across the span, described by Ludwig Prandtl in 1933, and this can be used to optimise weight and drag for a given amount of lift. Another solution

2345-489: The associated control surfaces, in its purest form the flying wing suffers from the inherent disadvantages of being unstable and difficult to control. These compromises are difficult to reconcile, and efforts to do so can reduce or even negate the expected advantages of the flying wing design, such as reductions in weight and drag . Moreover, solutions may produce a final design that is still too unsafe for certain uses, such as commercial aviation. Further difficulties arise from

2412-526: The configuration for potential conversion of tanks into temporary gliders . The British Armstrong Whitworth A.W.52 G of 1944 was a glider test bed for a proposed large flying wing airliner capable of serving transatlantic routes. The A.W.52G was later followed up by the Armstrong Whitworth A.W.52 , an all-metal jet-powered model capable of high speeds for the era; great attention was paid to laminar flow . First flown on 13 November 1947,

2479-413: The control problem is differential drag: the drag near one wing tip is artificially increased, causing the aircraft to yaw in the direction of that wing. Typical methods include: A consequence of the differential drag method is that if the aircraft maneuvers frequently then it will frequently create drag. So flying wings are at their best when cruising in still air: in turbulent air or when changing course,

2546-653: The design died with Cheranovsky. Several other nations also opted to undertake flying wing projects. Turkey was one such country, the Turk Hava Kurumu Ucak Fabrikasi producing the THK-13 tailless glider during 1948. Multiple British manufacturers also explored the concept at this time. Early proposals for the Avro Vulcan , a nuclear-armed strategic bomber designed by Roy Chadwick , also explored several flying wing arrangements, although

2613-486: The direction of Ukrainian-controlled territory. By the time attempts to regain control had been abandoned, the drone had crossed the front line into Ukraine and, subsequently, the Russian Su-57 deliberately shot it down. Identifiable pieces of the wreckage included a large, fairly intact portion of a wing and burned parts of a UMPB D-30SN glide bomb and a turbofan engine . The crash site was reportedly targeted by

2680-407: The drag of a thick wing rises sharply and it is essential for the wing to be made thin. No supersonic flying wing has ever been built. For any aircraft to fly without constant correction it must have directional stability in yaw. Flying wings lack anywhere to attach an efficient vertical stabilizer or fin. Any fin must attach directly on to the rear part of the wing, giving a small moment arm from

2747-405: The drone is reportedly 1,000 km/h while carrying its payload internally. It is a development of the similarly designed flying-wing Mikoyan Skat . It is likely that the Okhotnik was designed to act as a "loyal wingman" controlled by the Su-57. The S-70 that was shot down in October 2024 during a test flight was deliberately downed by its accompanying Su-57. From an analysis of the wreckage

Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik-B - Misplaced Pages Continue

2814-408: The drone performed first series of taxiing, speeding and stopping tests in fully autonomous mode at a runway of the NAPO plant. During the runs, it reached a maximum speed of 200 km/h. On 18 January 2019, the third flyable Su-57 prototype (bort no. 053) was spotted wearing a new digital camouflage paint scheme, with digital silhouette of the Okhotnik on its top and underside and unique markings on

2881-592: The earlier Mikoyan Skat UCAV programme. The work is carried out by the Novosibirsk Aircraft Production Association (NAPO), part of the Sukhoi company. In the documents, the drone is characterised as a "sixth-generation unmanned aerial vehicle". The first mock-up intended for ground tests was created in 2014. Prototype of the drone was first revealed in July 2017, showing the drone's flying wing configuration. In November 2018,

2948-544: The field using a conventional elliptical lift distribution with vertical tail surfaces. During December 1942, Northrop flew the N-9M , a one-third scale development aircraft for a proposed long-range bomber; several were produced, all but one were scrapped following the bomber programme's termination. In Britain, the Baynes Bat glider was flown during wartime; it was a one-third scale experimental aircraft intended to test out

3015-408: The final design had a fuselage. There has been continual interest in the flying wing for large transport roles for cargo or passengers. Boeing , McDonnell Douglas , and Armstrong Whitworth have undertaken design studies on flying wing airliners ; however, no such airliners have yet been built. Following the arrival of supersonic aircraft during the 1950s, military interest in the flying wing

3082-430: The first prototype's exhaust nozzle is conventional, providing no reduction of infrared signature or radar cross section . The second prototype has low-observable apertures. After a preliminary analysis of the wreckage of the drone shot down in October 2024, a Ukrainian analyst said that it did not have any stealth polymers . On 1 July 2023, one of the reportedly two operational S-70 was photographed while flying over

3149-468: The large transport roles for cargo or passengers. Boeing , McDonnell Douglas , and Armstrong Whitworth have undertaken design studies on flying wing airliners ; however, no such airliners have yet been built. The flying wing concept is mostly suited to subsonic aircraft . No supersonic flying wing has ever been built. A flying wing is an aeroplane that has no definite fuselage or tailplane , with its crew, payload, fuel, and equipment housed inside

3216-541: The low-speed wing across the airflow, then rotate a quarter-turn so that the high-speed wing faces the airflow for supersonic travel. NASA has funded a study of the proposal. The design is claimed to offer low wave drag, high subsonic efficiency and reduced sonic boom. Since the end of the Cold War , numerous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) featuring the flying wing have been produced. Nations have typically used such platforms for aerial reconnaissance ; such UAVs include

3283-487: The main wing structure. A flying wing may have various small protuberances such as pods, nacelles , blisters, booms, or vertical stabilizers . A clean flying wing is sometimes presented as theoretically the most aerodynamically efficient (lowest drag) design configuration for a fixed wing aircraft. It also would offer high structural efficiency for a given wing depth, leading to light weight and high fuel efficiency . Because it lacks conventional stabilizing surfaces and

3350-400: The main wing structure. A flying wing may have various small protuberances such as pods, nacelles , blisters, booms, or vertical stabilizers . Similar aircraft designs, that are not technically flying wings, are sometimes casually referred to as such. These types include blended wing body aircraft and lifting body aircraft, which have a fuselage and no definite wings. A pure flying wing

3417-417: The military-industrial complex also said that the production Hunter would receive a standard flat nozzle to further reduce thermal and radar signature. On 28 February 2021, it was reported that the Okhotnik would be used aboard the future Project 23900 Ivan Rogov amphibious assault ships, capable of carrying 4 Okhotnik drones, for reconnaissance and strike missions. In December 2021, a second prototype with

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3484-643: The much larger but slower B-36. A reconnaissance version continued in development for some time but the aircraft did not enter production. In the Soviet Union, the BICh-26 , became one of the first attempts to produce a supersonic jet flying wing aircraft in 1948; aviation author Bill Gunston referred to the BICh-26 as being ahead of its time. However, the aeroplane was not accepted by the Soviet military and

3551-419: The net aerodynamic vector (lift plus drag) forwards as the angle of attack reduces and, in the extreme, this can create a net forward thrust. The restoration of outer lift by the elevon creates a slight induced thrust for the rear (outer) section of the wing during the turn. This vector essentially pulls the trailing wing forward to cause "proverse yaw", creating a naturally coordinated turn. In his 1913 lecture to

3618-635: The new Head Developer of the Strike UCAV project. Still, Skat experience would be used by Sukhoi. RSK "MiG" specialists are expected to work on the new project. On 3 June 2013, MiG signed a research and development contract to build a UCAV, based on the Skat design. The Sukhoi is using the R&;D information from the Skat, in addition to their expertise on the Sukhoi Su-57 , to develop their 20-ton Okhotnik-B stealth UCAV. In September 2018, it

3685-423: The pilot (and engine where fitted) below the wing structure rather than inside it, and so are not true flying wings. An aircraft of sharply swept delta planform and deep centre section represents a borderline case between flying wing, blended wing body , and/or lifting body configurations. The concept of the flying wing was born on 16 February 1876 when French engineers Alphonse Pénaud and Paul Gauchot filed

3752-470: The problem of fitting the pilot, engines, flight equipment, and payload all within the depth of the wing section. Other known problems with the flying wing design relate to pitch and yaw . Pitch issues are discussed in the article on tailless aircraft . The problems of yaw are discussed below. A wing that is made deep enough to contain the pilot, engines, fuel, undercarriage and other necessary equipment will have an increased frontal area, when compared with

3819-422: The radar receiver is at a specific position relative to the aircraft—a position that changes continuously as the aircraft moves. This approach eventually led to the Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit , a flying wing stealth bomber. In this case, the aerodynamic advantages of the flying wing are not the primary reasons for the design's adoption. However, modern computer-controlled fly-by-wire systems allow for many of

3886-559: The second half of 2024. The Okhotnik's design is based on the flying-wing scheme and incorporates use of composite materials and stealth coatings , reducing the drone's radar cross section in flight. It has a weight of about 20 tons and a wingspan of around 65 feet (20 m). The drone is powered either by a single AL-31F turbofan, as used on the Sukhoi Su-27 fighter aircraft, or by the improved AL-41F derivative installed on Su-35S fighters and Su-57 prototypes. The maximum speed of

3953-616: The spotlight of the Communist Party by designing aircraft like the tailless BOK-5 (Chizhevskij) and OKA-33 (the first ever built by Antonov) which were designated as "motorized gliders" due to their similarity to popular gliders of the time. The BICh-11, developed by Cheranovsky in 1932, competed with the Horten brothers H1 and Adolf Galland at the Ninth Glider Competitions in 1933, but was not demonstrated in

4020-488: The time using Prandtl's birdlike "bell-shaped lift distribution". One such aircraft they produced was the Horten H.IV glider, which was produced in low numbers between 1941 and 1943. Several other late-war German military designs were based on the flying wing concept, or variations of it, as a proposed solution to extend the range of otherwise very short-range of aircraft powered by early jet engines . The Horten Ho 229 jet fighter prototype first flew in 1944. It combined

4087-659: The type as the Gotha Go 229 during the closing stages of the conflict. Despite intentions to develop the Go 229 and an improved Go P.60 for several roles, including as a night fighter , no Gotha-built Go 229s or P.60s were ever completed. The unflown, nearly completed surviving "V3," or third prototype was captured by American forces and sent back for study; it has ended up in storage at the Smithsonian Institution . The Allies also made several relevant advances in

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4154-451: The vertical tail showing the shape of a UCAV flying alongside the shape of Su-57 with a lightning bolt (universally used to show electronic connectivity and data sharing) between the two. On 24 January 2019, first flyable prototype of the drone was seen towed at the NAPO plant. According to Russian officials, the Su-57 is being used as a flying laboratory for the testing of the Okhotnik's avionics systems. In late May 2019, Okhotnik performed

4221-461: The war with pre-production machines flying in 1946. This was superseded the next year by conversion of the type to jet power as the YB-49 of 1947. Initially, the design did not offer a great advantage in range compared to slower piston bomber designs, primarily due to the high fuel consumption of the early turbojets, however, it broke new ground in speed for a large aircraft. On February 9, 1949, it

4288-469: Was flown from Edwards Air Force Base in California, to Andrews Air Force Base, near Washington, D.C., for President Harry Truman's air power demonstration. The flight was made in four hours and 20 minutes, setting a transcontinental speed record. The YB-49 presented some minor lateral stability problems that were being rectified by a new autopilot system, when the bomber version was cancelled in favour of

4355-455: Was presented for the first time at the MAKS 2007 international air show. However, the drone didn't get through the mockup stage, and work on the project was stopped later in 2012 due to lack of funding. As Chief executive officer of RSK "MiG", Sergei Korotkov said to the press earlier, the development of Skat was discontinued. By the decision of Russian Defence Ministry, Sukhoi Holding became

4422-427: Was quickly curtailed, as the concept of adopting a thick wing that accommodated the crew and equipment directly conflicted with the optimal thin wing for supersonic flight. Interest in flying wings was renewed in the 1980s due to their potentially low radar reflection cross-sections. Stealth technology relies on shapes that reflect radar waves only in certain directions, thus making the aircraft hard to detect unless

4489-578: Was reported the MiG has revived the program and that works on the Mikoyan Skat UCAV are currently underway. According to the CEO of MiG, the tactical and technical assignments for the Skat is planned to be approved by the end of 2019, and the development of the drone will start in 2020. As of June 2022, the development of the Skat seems inactive, as no news have been reported on it since 2019 and because

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