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22-589: The first UltraSPARC-I-based servers produced by Sun, launched in 1995, are the UltraServer 1 and UltraServer 2 . These are server configurations of the Ultra 1 and Ultra 2 workstations respectively. These were later renamed Ultra Enterprise 1 and Ultra Enterprise 2 for consistency with other server models. Later these were joined by the Ultra Enterprise 150 , which comprises an Ultra 1 motherboard in

44-1091: A multithreaded microprocessor . It had taped out , but was cancelled before it was introduced after the announcement of UltraSPARC T1 Niagara microprocessor in early 2004. It consisted of two UltraSPARC II cores and an on-die L2 cache on a single chip. The DAC 2004 abstracts described the dual-core UltraSPARC II processor in Session 40. The "Dual-Core UltraSPARC (2003)" was based upon the UltraSPARC II microarchitecture and featured: DDR-1 memory controller, JBUS interface, parity protected L1 cache , ECC -protected dual 512KB on-chip L2 cache, 1.2 GHz clock frequency, 80 million transistors, 206 mm die size, and dissipated 23 watts of power. Kapil, S; McGhan, H; Lawrendra, J (2004). "A chip multithreaded processor for network-facing workloads". IEEE Micro . 24 (2): 20–30. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.230.2072 . doi : 10.1109/MM.2004.1289288 . S2CID   1000889 . Sun Fire 15K The Sun Fire 15K (codenamed Starcat )

66-440: A 256 KB to 2 MB L2 cache. In 1998, a version code-named Sapphire-Red, was fabricated in a 0.25 μm process, enabling the microprocessor to operate at 333 to 480 MHz. It dissipated 21 W at 440 MHz and used a 1.9 V power supply. The UltraSPARC IIe "Hummingbird" was an embedded version introduced in 2000 that operated at 400 to 500 MHz, fabricated in a 0.18 μm process with aluminium interconnects . It dissipated

88-411: A maximum of 13 W at 500 MHz, used a 1.5 to 1.7 V power supply and had a 256 KB L2 cache. The UltraSPARC IIe+ or IIi was introduced in 2002. Code-named "Phantom", it operated at 550 to 650 MHz and was fabricated in a 0.18 μm process with copper interconnect . It dissipated 17.6 W and used a 1.7 V power supply. It had a 512 KB L2 cache. The Gemini was the first attempt by Sun to produce

110-553: A tower-style enclosure with 12 internal disk bays. In 1998, Sun launched server configurations of the UltraSPARC-IIi-based Ultra 5 and Ultra 10 workstations, called the Enterprise Ultra 5S and Enterprise Ultra 10S respectively. The Sun Enterprise 450 is a rack-mountable entry-level multiprocessor server launched in 1997, capable of up to four UltraSPARC II processors. The Sun Enterprise 250

132-587: Is a deskside server configurable with up to six processors and 10 internal disks, while the 4000 is a rack-mount system with up to 14 processors. The 5000 is essentially a 4000 in a rack cabinet and the 6000 is a cabinet-housed data center server with up to 30 processors. In 1999, the Enterprise 3500 , 4500 , 5500 and 6500 models were announced. These are upgraded X000 systems, with a faster Gigaplane bus (up to 100 MHz, depending on processor clock speed, compared to 83 MHz). The 3500 also differs from

154-677: Is a two-processor version launched in 1998. These were later joined by the Enterprise 220R and Enterprise 420R rack-mount servers in 1999. The 220R and 420R models are respectively based on the motherboards of the Ultra 60 and Ultra 80 workstations. The 250 was replaced by the Sun Fire V250, the 450 by the Sun Fire V880. The 220R was superseded by the Sun Fire 280R and the 420R by the Sun Fire V480. In 1996, Sun replaced

176-498: Is to replace 4 SBUS boards with dual PCI boards. The Starfire is the first server from any vendor to exceed 2000 on the TPC-D 300 GB benchmark. Starfire systems were used by a number of high-profile customers during the "dot-com" boom, notably eBay , and typically sold for well over $ 1 million for a fully configured system. The Starfire contains one or two controller modules which are connected via Ethernet to an external computer,

198-490: The System Service Processor (SSP). The controller modules interface with the system "centerplane" via JTAG and control the partitioning of available CPUs, memory and I/O devices into one or more domains, each of which is in effect a distinct computer. The system cannot be partitioned or booted without its original SSP which contains encrypted keys issued by the manufacturer. An E10K has been preserved at

220-457: The 15K and perform tasks such as booting and shutting down domains and assigning Uniboards to domains. The 15K contains minimal storage in itself (only system controller boot disks); it is connected via SAN to a separate storage array . The Sun Fire 12K (codenamed Starkitty ), was a reduced configuration version of the 15K, introduced in April 2002. It supported a maximum of 52 processors, and

242-466: The 3000 by having an additional Gigaplane slot resulting in an increased maximum of eight processors. The Enterprise X500 series were replaced by the Sun Fire 3800/4800/6800 line. The Enterprise 10000 , E10k or Starfire (a development code name also used for marketing purposes) is a high-end multiprocessor data center server capable of being configured with up to 64 UltraSPARC II processors. This

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264-842: The Computer History Museum in Mountain View. The Starfire was superseded by the Sun Fire 12K/ 15K models. UltraSPARC II The UltraSPARC II , code-named "Blackbird", is a microprocessor implementation of the SPARC V9 instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Sun Microsystems . Marc Tremblay was the chief architect. Introduced in 1997, it was further development of the UltraSPARC operating at higher clock frequencies of 250 MHz, eventually reaching 650 MHz. The die contained 5.4 million transistors and had an area of 149 mm . It

286-612: The SPARCserver 1000E and SPARCcenter 2000E models with the Ultra Enterprise 3000 , 4000 , 5000 and 6000 servers. These are multiprocessor servers based on a common hardware architecture incorporating the Gigaplane packet-switched processor/memory bus and UltraSPARC-I or II processors. High availability and fault-tolerance features are included in the X000 systems which are intended for mission-critical applications. The 3000 model

308-509: The Sun SPARC Enterprise M9000 server. The E25K supports up to 72 dual-core UltraSPARC IV+ processors (up to 1.95 GHz). As with UltraSPARC IV-based 15K systems, the "MaxCPU" option was not offered for E25K systems. Overall system bandwidth is claimed as up to 172.8 GB/s aggregate, up to 115.2 GB/s peak, and up to 43.2 GB/s sustained. For overall I/O bandwidth, up to 35.8-GB/s sustained. Up to 64 GB of RAM per board

330-475: The UltraSPARC III, Sun supported up to 17 dual-socket "MaxCPU" processor cards in place of I/O mezzanine cards, a configuration not supported with UltraSPARC IV. Maximum physical RAM per system is 576 GB. A maximum of 72 PCI I/O slots are available. The system can be divided into a maximum of 18 secure independent domains, each of which is a separate machine with its own filesystems, root password and

352-589: The X000 and X500 series servers, the Starfire incorporates many high-availability features, including the ability to be partitioned into multiple "domains", each of which can be booted individually to run its own instance of Solaris. It is also possible to remove resources from a running domain with short notice and reassign freed resources to other domains. Domain granularity is one CPU board (single system may have 1-16 of them). A single CPU board can carry up to 4 processors, 4GB of RAM and 4 SBUS IO boards. A rare option

374-508: The ability to run different versions of Solaris . The E15k, along with other enterprise Sun servers, has the Dynamic Reconfiguration feature: administrators could dynamically change the assignment of RAM and processors to the different domains to meet changes in business needs. In addition, the 15K contains two system controllers (duplicated for redundancy), which are embedded SPARC computers running Solaris and used to manage

396-419: Was fabricated by Texas Instruments in their 0.35  μm process, dissipated 25 W at 205 MHz, and used a 2.5 V power supply. L2 cache capacity was 1 to 4 MB. In 1999, the UltraSPARC II was ported to a 0.25 μm process. This version was code-named "Sapphire-Black". It operated at 360 to 480 MHz, possessed a die area of 126 mm , dissipated 21 W at 400 MHz and the power supply voltage

418-763: Was an enterprise-class server computer from Sun Microsystems based on the SPARC V9 processor architecture. It was announced on September 25, 2001, in New York City, superseding the Sun Enterprise 10000 . General availability was in January 2002; the last to be shipped was in May 2005. The Sun Fire 15K supported up to 106 UltraSPARC III processors (up to 1.2 GHz), or 72 UltraSPARC IVs (up to 1.35 GHz & 288 total threads) across 18 system boards ( Uniboards , containing CPU sockets and RAM slots). With

440-508: Was intended to fill a position in Sun's server product line between the 15K and the Sun Fire 6800 . The Sun Fire E25K (codenamed Amazon 25 ; the "E" denoting "Enterprise") was announced in February 2004. Its base cabinet is identical to the 15K, with the only difference between the two systems being the processor boards installed. It reached end-of-life in January, 2009, and was superseded by

462-509: Was largely designed by Cray Research 's Business Systems Division as a successor to the Cray Superserver 6400 , itself related to Sun's earlier Sun-4d architecture servers. After Cray was acquired by Silicon Graphics in 1996, this division was sold on to Sun, who then launched the Starfire as the Ultra Enterprise 10000 in 1997. The Starfire is based around the fault-tolerant Gigaplane-XB processor/memory interconnect. Like

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484-418: Was reduced to 1.9 V. Supported L2 cache capacity was increased to 1 to 8 MB. The UltraSPARC II was the basis for four derivatives. The UltraSPARC IIi "Sabre" featuring on-chip PCI controller was a low-cost version introduced in 1997 that operated at 270 to 360 MHz. It was fabricated in a 0.35 μm process and possessed a die size of 156 mm . It dissipated 21 W and used a 1.9 V power supply. It had

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