Misplaced Pages

#757242

28-746: The pass was once an important trade route between the canton of Glarus and Italy . It connects Elm in the Sernftal in Glarus with Pigniu (Panix) in the Vorderrhein valley of Graubünden. It is not passable by car. In October 1799, Russian General Alexander Suvorov made a strategic retreat from the French Revolutionary forces south over the pass and regrouped his forces in Austria . This Canton of Glarus location article

56-450: A desire to escape negative circumstances such as shortages of land or jobs, or unfair treatment. People can be pulled to the opportunities available elsewhere. Fleeing from oppressive conditions, being a refugee and seeking asylum to get refugee status in a foreign country, may lead to permanent emigration. Forced displacement refers to groups that are forced to abandon their native country, such as by enforced population transfer or

84-466: A later stage in 1683, each side was granted the right to have its own tribunals. Between 1798 and 1803 Glarus was part of the canton of Linth as established by Napoleon . In 1836 the constitution was adapted to unite the assemblies and establish a single Landsgemeinde . In the early 1840s, after several years of failed crops and as food became scarce, much of the canton found itself deep in poverty. With more workers than available jobs, emigration to

112-448: A place, Jose C. Moya writes "one could easily compile similar lists for periods and places where no migration took place." Search for "Emigration from" in titles Unlike immigration, in many countries few if any records have been recorded or maintained in regard to persons leaving a country either on a temporary or permanent basis. Therefore, estimates on emigration must be derived from secondary sources such as immigration records of

140-599: Is Glarus . The population speaks a variety of Alemannic German . The majority of the population (81%) identifies as Christian , about evenly split between Protestants and Catholics . According to legend, the inhabitants of the Linth Valley were converted to Christianity in the 6th century by the Irish monk Saint Fridolin , the founder of Säckingen Abbey in what is now the German state of Baden-Württemberg . From

168-411: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Graubünden location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Glarus (canton) The canton of Glarus ( German : Kanton Glarus [ˈɡlaːrʊs] ; Romansh : Chantun Glaruna ; French : Canton de Glaris ; Italian : Canton Glarona ) is a canton in east-central Switzerland . The capital

196-425: Is considered productive. Forestry is an important branch of industry in the canton. The Landsgemeinde (cantonal assembly) of 2006 decided that the 25 municipalities of Glarus be consolidated to three, effective 1 January 2011. The population of the canton (as of 31 December 2020) is 40,851. As of 2007 , the population included 7,314 foreigners (or 19.13% of the total population). The population (as of 2000 )

224-726: Is dominated by the deep valley of the Linth River and the smaller Sernftal on the east. Most of the area is mountainous . The highest peak in the Glarus Alps is the Tödi at 3,614 meters (11,857 ft) Other mountains include the Hausstock (3,158 meters (10,361 ft)) and the Glärnisch (2,910 meters (9,550 ft)). The canton contains part of a thrust fault that was declared a geologic UNESCO World Heritage Site , under

252-402: Is nearly evenly split between Protestants (44%) and Roman Catholics (37%). 83.6% is German -speaking and 6.8% is Italian -speaking. The historical population is given in the following table: The geography of the canton helped to establish slate works in the 17th century. The mountainous surroundings of Glarus were also an advantage in industrialisation. Cotton spinning was important in

280-405: Is one of the countries, where emigration has become a part of culture since 20th century. For example, between 1990 and 2005 approximately 700,000–1,300,000 Armenians left the country. The highly rising numbers of emigration are a direct response to socio-political and economic areas of the country. The internal migration (migration in country) is big (28.7%), while international migration is 71.3% of

308-575: Is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country). Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another (to permanently move to a country). A migrant emigrates from their old country, and immigrates to their new country. Thus, both emigration and immigration describe migration , but from different countries' perspectives. Demographers examine push and pull factors for people to be pushed out of one place and attracted to another. There can be

SECTION 10

#1732781013758

336-520: The United States of America was seen as a solution. The Glarus Emigration Society was established in 1844, which offered loans to help residents purchase land in the New World. Many of the resulting emigrants went to the state of Wisconsin , where they founded the town of New Glarus . On May 6, 2007, Glarus became the first Swiss canton to lower the voting age to 16. The canton of Glarus

364-418: The 18th century, complementing traditional woolen spinning. Industrialisation also brought cotton printing, hydroelectric plants and later metal and machinery factories, as well as paper mills. In 2014, about 5% of the workers in Glarus work in the primary sector (the total for all of Switzerland is 3.3%) Of these 5%, in 2008, nearly three-quarters are involved in dairy farming and cattle breeding . In 2014

392-536: The 9th century, the area around Glarus was owned by Säckingen Abbey, the town of Glarus being recorded as Clarona . The Alemanni began to settle in the valley from the early 8th century. The Alemannic German language took hold only gradually and was dominant by the 11th century. By 1288, the Habsburgs had claimed all the abbey's rights. Glarus joined the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1352 as one of

420-443: The destination that pull them in. Motives to migrate can be either incentives attracting people away, known as pull factors, or circumstances encouraging a person to leave. Diversity of push and pull factors inform management scholarship in their efforts to understand migrant movement. Some scholars criticize the "push-pull" approach to understanding international migration . Regarding lists of positive or negative factors about

448-557: The early 1950s, the Soviet approach to controlling national movement was emulated by most of the rest of the Eastern Bloc. Restrictions implemented in the Eastern Bloc stopped most east–west migration, with only 13.3 million migrations westward between 1950 and 1990. However, hundreds of thousands of East Germans annually immigrated to West Germany through a "loophole" in the system that existed between East and West Berlin , where

476-684: The end of World War II in 1945, the Soviet Union occupied several Central European countries, together called the Eastern Bloc , with the majority of those living in the newly acquired areas aspiring to independence and wanted the Soviets to leave. Before 1950, over 15 million people emigrated from the Soviet-occupied eastern European countries and immigrated into the west in the five years immediately following World War II . By

504-502: The foundational eight cantons ( Acht Orte ) of the period of 1353–1481. The first recorded Landsgemeinde of Glarus took place in 1387. Habsburg's attempts to reconquer the valley were repelled in the Battle of Näfels of 1388. A banner depicting Saint Fridolin was used to rally the people of Glarus at that battle, and from that time Glarus has used the image of Saint Fridolin on its flags and in its coat of arms . The County of Werdenberg

532-479: The four occupying World War II powers governed movement. The emigration resulted in massive "brain drain" from East Germany to West Germany of younger educated professionals, such that nearly 20% of East Germany's population had migrated to West Germany by 1961. In 1961, East Germany erected a barbed-wire barrier that would eventually be expanded through construction into the Berlin Wall , effectively closing

560-436: The later Soviet Union began such restrictions in 1918, with laws and borders tightening until even illegal emigration was nearly impossible by 1928. To strengthen this, they set up internal passport controls and individual city Propiska ("place of residence") permits, along with internal freedom of movement restrictions often called the 101st kilometre , rules which greatly restricted mobility within even small areas. At

588-605: The name Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona , in 2008. Famous outcrops in the Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona include those at Lochsite near Glarus and in a mountain cliff called Tschingelhörner between Elm and Flims (in the same cliff is a natural hole called the Martinsloch ). There is also a large lake called Walensee ( Lake Walen ) on the north. The total area of the canton of Glarus is 685 square kilometers (264 sq mi), of which about half

SECTION 20

#1732781013758

616-414: The receiving country or records from other administrative agencies. The rate of emigration has continued to grow, reaching 280 million in 2017. In Armenia, for example, the migration is calculated by counting people arriving or leaving the country via airplane, train, railway or other means of transportation. Here, the emigration index is high: 1.5% of population leaves the country annually. In fact, it

644-650: The same reasoning of migration: work or study. The main destinations for it are Russia, France and US. Some countries restrict the ability of their citizens to emigrate to other countries. After 1668, the Qing Emperor banned Han Chinese migration to Manchuria . In 1681, the emperor ordered construction of the Willow Palisade , a barrier beyond which the Chinese were prohibited from encroaching on Manchu and Mongol lands. The Soviet Socialist Republics of

672-452: The secondary sector employed 8,322 or about 38.2% of the total, which is much higher than 21.8% for the entire country. Of those in the secondary sector, over one-quarter worked in the construction industry. The tertiary sector employed 12,366 or about 56.8% of the total, which is almost 18% lower than 74.9% nationwide. Of those in the tertiary sector, 11.72% work in retail shops and 10.37% are in health care. Emigration Emigration

700-522: The threat of ethnic cleansing . Refugees and asylum seekers in this sense are the most marginalized extreme cases of migration, facing multiple hurdles in their journey and efforts to integrate into the new settings. Scholars in this sense have called for cross-sector engagement from businesses, non-governmental organizations, educational institutions, and other stakeholders within the receiving communities. Patterns of emigration have been shaped by numerous economic, social, and political changes throughout

728-471: The total migration by people aging 15 and above. It is important to understand the reasons for both types of migration and the availability of the options. For example, in Armenia, everything is localized in the capital city Yerevan, thus, internal migration is from the villages and small cities to the biggest city of the country. The reason for the migration can be work or study. International migration follows

756-569: The world in the last few hundred years. For instance, millions of individuals fled poverty, violence, and political turmoil in Europe to settle in the Americas and Oceania during the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. Likewise, millions left South China in the Chinese diaspora during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Demographers distinguish factors at the origin that push people out, versus those at

784-525: Was annexed to Glarus in 1517. Between 1506 and 1516 the later reformer Huldrych Zwingli was a priest in Glarus, but Glarus remained Catholic, and by 1564 all of Zwingli's followers were eliminated. This, however, did not end the struggles between the Protestants and the Catholics in the area. To secure peace it was decided that each party should have its own assembly ( Landsgemeinde ) in 1623, and at

#757242