45-508: Paraparaumu ( Māori: [ˈpaɾapaˈɾaʉmʉ] ) is a town in the south-western North Island of New Zealand . It lies on the Kāpiti Coast , 55 kilometres (34 mi) north of the nation's capital city, Wellington . It is also known to residents as Pram or Paraparam . Like other towns in the area, it has a partner settlement at the coast called Paraparaumu Beach , which is directly opposite Kapiti Island . The two towns form part of
90-630: A few hundred. Wide-scale Pasifika migration to New Zealand began in the 1950s and 1960s, typically from countries associated with the Commonwealth and the Realm of New Zealand , including Western Samoa (modern-day Samoa), the Cook Islands and Niue . In the 1970s, governments (both Labour and National ), migration officials, and special police squads targeted Pasifika illegal overstayers. Pacific Studies academic Dr Melani Anae describes
135-538: A few scheduled commercial flights and is a popular recreational airfield, hosting the Kapiti Aero Club. Air Chathams will have daily flights between the airport and Auckland from 20 August 2018, and Sounds Air operate to Blenheim and Nelson . Now defunct, locally based Air2there used operate to Blenheim and Nelson also. Prior to the mid 2010s Air New Zealand used to have scheduled services to Kapiti Coast Airport with their ATR-42s and Q-400/ DHC-8s. This
180-754: A larger boundary, covering 28.61 km (11.05 sq mi). Using that boundary, Paraparaumu had a population of 28,701 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 1,866 people (7.0%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 3,441 people (13.6%) since the 2006 census . There were 11,379 households, comprising 13,560 males and 15,138 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.9 males per female, with 5,199 people (18.1%) aged under 15 years, 4,302 (15.0%) aged 15 to 29, 12,489 (43.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 6,708 (23.4%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 89.1% European/ Pākehā , 12.5% Māori , 3.1% Pasifika , 5.1% Asian , and 2.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
225-432: A roll of 520 as of August 2024. Kapiti School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 students, with a roll of 104 as of August 2024. Kenakena School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 students, with a roll of 582 as of August 2024. Our Lady of Kapiti School is a co-educational state-integrated Catholic primary school for Year 1 to 8 students, with a roll of 247 as of August 2024. It
270-709: A whole. During the Last Glacial Period when sea levels were over 100 metres lower than present day levels, the North and South islands were connected by a vast coastal plain which formed at the South Taranaki Bight . During this period, most of the North Island was covered in thorn scrubland and forest , while the modern-day Northland Peninsula was a subtropical rainforest . Sea levels began to rise 7,000 years ago, eventually separating
315-738: Is a Māori-language name meaning "scraps from an earth oven"; parapara means "dirt" or "scraps", and umu means "oven". The village of Lindale is just north of the Paraparaumu town centre. It began as a Tourist and Agricultural Centre, but later gained a reputation for cheese and the Lindale Barnyard petting farm. The old State Highway 1 and the Kapiti Line section of the North Island Main Trunk railway both pass through Lindale. The railway line
360-633: Is based at Weka Park in Raumati. The local athletics club is Paraparaumu Track and Field Club, which has both junior and senior members in conjunction with Athletics Wellington and Athletics New Zealand age grades. The club is based at the Paraparaumu Domain. Paraparaumu Beach also has a golf course . It has hosted the New Zealand Open a total of 12 times, a record unsurpassed by any other course. Kapiti Coast Airport has
405-411: Is drier than many other coastal areas in the country. Paraparaumu is defined by Statistics New Zealand as a medium urban area and covers 28.38 km (10.96 sq mi), which includes Otaihanga , Paraparaumu Beach , Raumati Beach and Raumati South . It had an estimated population of 30,300 as of June 2024, with a population density of 1,068 people per km. Before the 2023 census, the town had
450-465: Is in the North Island", "my mother lives in the North Island". Maps, headings, tables, and adjectival expressions use North Island without "the". According to Māori mythology , the North and South Islands of New Zealand arose through the actions of the demigod Māui . Māui and his brothers were fishing from their canoe (the South Island) when he caught a great fish and pulled it right up from
495-653: Is named after a large statue of the Virgin Mary located near by. Three secondary schools are located near the Paraparaumu township: Paraparaumu College in Paraparaumu Beach , Kāpiti College in Raumati Beach and Ōtaki College in Ōtaki . North Island The North Island ( Māori : Te Ika-a-Māui [tɛ i.kɐ ɐ mɑː.ʉ.i] , lit. 'the fish of Māui', officially North Island or Te Ika-a-Māui or historically New Ulster )
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#1732793304340540-474: Is one of the two main islands of New Zealand , separated from the larger but less populous South Island by Cook Strait . With an area of 113,729 km (43,911 sq mi), it is the world's 14th-largest island , constituting 43% of New Zealand's land area. It has a population of 4,077,800 (June 2024), which is 76% of New Zealand's residents, making it the most populous island in Polynesia and
585-424: The 2008 New Zealand general election , Samoan-born Sam Lotu-Iiga was elected as MP for Maungakiekie , and was joined by Labour list MPs William Sio and Carmel Sepuloni , who was the first MP of Tongan heritage. In 2010, Kris Faafoi entered parliament by winning the 2010 Mana by-election , becoming the first MP of Tokelauan descent. In 2011, Alfred Ngaro became the first MP of Cook Island descent by winning
630-448: The 28th-most-populous island in the world. Twelve main urban areas (half of them officially cities) are in the North Island. From north to south, they are Whangārei , Auckland , Hamilton , Tauranga , Rotorua , Gisborne , New Plymouth , Napier , Hastings , Whanganui , Palmerston North , and New Zealand's capital city Wellington , which is located at the south-west tip of the island. The island has been known internationally as
675-564: The Capital Connection between Palmerston North and Wellington, and the Northern Explorer between Auckland and Wellington. There are also feeder and local commuter bus service operated by Metlink . Paraparaumu School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 Students with a roll of 339 as of August 2024. Paraparaumu Beach School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 Students with
720-545: The Dawn Raids as "the most blatantly racist attack on Pacific peoples by the New Zealand government in New Zealand's history". Immigrant Pasifika families settled in the inner city suburbs of Auckland and other major cities in the country, when middle-class Pākehā families were tending to move outwards to newer, more distant suburbs. Pasifika immigrants also tended to replace Urban Māori in central suburbs. By
765-593: The Kāpiti Coast District . Together with the nearby Raumati Beach and Raumati South they are among the fastest-growing urban areas in New Zealand, and are major dormitory towns with workers commuting to the cities that make up the Wellington urban area. The four towns between them have a 2012 population of over 49,000 people. Inland behind Paraparaumu is the Maungakotukutuku area. Paraparaumu
810-496: The Maungakiekie electorate. Further Pasifika MPs entered parliament in the 2010s: Asenati Taylor for New Zealand First (2011), Christchurch East MP Poto Williams (2013), Manukau East MP Jenny Salesa (2014) and Anahila Kanongata'a-Suisuiki (2017). The 2020 New Zealand general election saw the largest cohort of Pasifika MPs entering parliament: Terisa Ngobi , Barbara Edmonds , Tangi Utikere , Neru Leavasa for
855-566: The North Island for many years. The Te Reo Māori name for it, Te Ika-a-Māui , also has official recognition but it remains seldom used by most residents. On some 19th-century maps, the North Island is named New Ulster (named after Ulster province in northern Ireland) which was also a province of New Zealand that included the North Island. In 2009 the New Zealand Geographic Board found that, along with
900-644: The Pacific Islands (also known as Pacific Islanders ) outside of New Zealand itself. They form the fourth-largest ethnic grouping in the country, after European descendants , indigenous Māori , and Asian New Zealanders . Over 380,000 people identify as being of Pacific origin, representing 8% of the country's population, with the majority residing in Auckland . Prior to the Second World War Pasifika in New Zealand numbered only
945-545: The 2018 census, up from 62.3% at the 2013 census and 60.0% at the 2006 census. In terms of population distribution as at the 2023 census, 275,079 (62.1%) Pasifika New Zealanders lived in the Auckland region, 126,678 (28.6%) live in the North Island outside the Auckland region, and 40,845 (9.2%) live in the South Island. The Māngere-Ōtāhuhu local board area of Auckland had a majority Pasifika population at 60.4%, with
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#1732793304340990-590: The 2023 census, 63.1% of North Islanders identified as European ( Pākehā ), 19.8% as Māori , 10.6% as Pacific peoples , 19.3% as Asian , 1.9% as Middle Eastern/Latin American/African, and 1.1% as other ethnicities. Percentages add to more than 100% as people can identify with more than one ethnicity. Māori form the majority in three districts of the North Island: Kawerau (63.2%), Ōpōtiki (66.2%) and Wairoa (68.5%). Europeans formed
1035-458: The Kāpiti Coast, they found no useful resources. Paraparaumu is sometimes known by the names "Pram", "Paraparam" or "Pram-Pram". In August 1936 a train derailed in Paraparaumu as it approached a land slide in rainy weather. Paraparaumu has an oceanic climate typical of New Zealand, with moderately warm summers and mild winters. It has a quite high rainfall frequency year round, although it
1080-733: The Labour Party, and the first Pasifika MP from the Green Party , Teanau Tuiono . 2023 saw Efeso Collins , formerly a member of the Auckland Council , joining as a member of the Green Party. The Auckland Council has had three Pasifika councillors since its founding in 2010: Alf Filipaina and former National MP Arthur Anae representing the Manukau ward since 2010, and Efeso Collins in 2016, replacing Anae's for
1125-480: The North Island is provided by fifteen District Health Boards (DHBs) . Organised around geographical areas of varying population sizes, they are not coterminous with the Local Government Regions . Pasifika New Zealanders Pasifika New Zealanders (also called Pacific Peoples ) are a pan-ethnic group of New Zealanders associated with, and descended from, the indigenous peoples of
1170-513: The Pacific Peoples ethnic group at the 2023 New Zealand census , making up 8.9% of New Zealand's population. This is an increase of 60,990 people (16.0%) since the 2018 census , and an increase of 146,691 people (49.6%) since the 2013 census . Some of the increase between the 2013 and 2018 census was due to Statistics New Zealand starting to add ethnicity data from other sources (previous censuses, administrative data, and imputation) to
1215-458: The South Island, the North Island had no official name. After a public consultation, the board officially named it North Island, or the aforementioned Te Ika-a-Māui, in October 2013. In prose, the two main islands of New Zealand are called the North Island and the South Island , with the definite article. It is also normal to use the preposition in rather than on , for example "Hamilton
1260-437: The South Island, this is solely due to the North Island having higher natural increase (i.e. births minus deaths) and international migration; since the late 1980s, the internal migration flow has been from the North Island to the South Island. In the year to June 2020, the North Island gained 21,950 people from natural increase and 62,710 people from international migration, while losing 3,570 people from internal migration. At
1305-462: The South Island, with the country's largest city, Auckland, and the capital, Wellington, accounting for nearly half of it. There are 30 urban areas in the North Island with a population of 10,000 or more: The sub-national GDP of the North Island was estimated at NZ$ 282.355 billion in 2021 (78% of New Zealand's national GDP). Nine local government regions cover the North Island and its adjacent islands and territorial waters. Healthcare in
1350-544: The census data to reduce the number of non-responses. The median age of Pasifika New Zealanders was 24.9 years, compared to 38.1 years for all New Zealanders; 136,077 people (30.4%) were aged under 15 years, 123,828 (28.0%) were 15 to 29, 156,534 (35.4%) were 30 to 64, and 26,193 (5.9%) were 65 or older. At the 2018 census, there were 191,391 males and 190,254 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.006 males per female. The majority of Pasifika were born in New Zealand: 66.4% at
1395-411: The circumnavigation of New Zealand. The maps described the North Island as " Ea Heinom Auwe " and " Aeheinomowe ", which recognises the "Fish of Māui" element. Another Māori name that was given to the North Island, but is now used less commonly, is Aotearoa . Use of Aotearoa to describe the North Island fell out of favour in the early 20th century, and it is now a collective Māori name for New Zealand as
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1440-638: The city centre. The Pasifika populations in Ponsonby and Freemans Bay peaked in 1976. Grey Lynn continued to have a large Pasifika population (particularly Samoan ) until the mid-1980s. The umbrella term Pasifika , meaning "Pacific" in Polynesian languages , was first used by government agencies in New Zealand in the 1980s to describe all migrants from the Pacific islands and their descendants. There were 442,632 people identifying as being part of
1485-558: The commuter service was extended from Paraparaumu to Waikanae . The majority of shops are located close to the town centre in the Coastlands Mall, close to the train station. "Parapara" refers in Māori to food waste, and "umu" is ovens that they are cooked in. The name Paraparaumu comes from an 1819–1820 expedition of Ngāpuhi and Ngāti Toa , who on the west coast of the North Island from Kāwhia to Cook Strait . As they arrived in
1530-451: The conclusion of the Otago gold rush in the 1860s, New Zealand's European population growth has experienced a steady 'Northern drift' as population centres in the North Island have grown faster than those of New Zealand's South Island. This population trend has continued into the twenty-first century, but at a much slower rate. While the North Island's population continues to grow faster than
1575-640: The first Pasifika member of parliament (MP), when he won the Otara electorate seat for Labour . Field was joined in 1996 by Samoan politicians Mark Gosche and Arthur Anae (the first Pasifika MP from the National Party ), and by Winnie Laban in 1999. In 2008, Field left the Labour Party and formed the New Zealand Pacific Party , a short-lived political party aimed at representing conservative Christian Pasifika communities. For
1620-660: The islands and linking the Cook Strait to the Tasman Sea . The North Island has an estimated population of 4,077,800 as of June 2024. The North Island had a population of 3,808,005 at the 2023 New Zealand census , an increase of 213,453 people (5.9%) since the 2018 census , and an increase of 570,957 people (17.6%) since the 2013 census . Of the total population, 733,893 people (19.3%) were aged under 15 years, 743,154 (19.5%) were 15 to 29, 1,721,427 (45.2%) were 30 to 64, and 609,534 (16.0%) were 65 or older. Ever since
1665-514: The mid-1970s, gentrification became an issue for Pasifika communities in Auckland. The cheap housing found in Ponsonby and other inner city Auckland suburbs were attractive to Pākehā young professionals, especially socially liberal families searching for a multicultural and urban lifestyle. As these houses were purchased, the available rental stock plummeted, and Pasifika families who tended to rent more began to relocate to suburbs further out from
1710-466: The next highest concentrations in the nearby Ōtara-Papatoetoe local board area (48.7%) and Manurewa local board area (39.9%). Porirua City had the highest concentration of Pacific people outside of Auckland at 26.5%. The lowest concentrations of Pasifika New Zealanders are in northern Canterbury : the Kaikōura district had the lowest concentration at 1.0%, with the neighbouring Hurunui district having
1755-414: The plurality in the Auckland region (49.8%) and are the majority in the remaining 39 districts. The proportion of North Islanders born overseas at the 2018 census were 29.3%. The most common foreign countries of birth were England (15.4% of overseas-born residents), Mainland China (11.3%), India (10.1%), South Africa (5.9%), Australia (5.5%) and Samoa (5.3%). The North Island has a larger population than
1800-486: The sea. While he was not looking, his brothers fought over the fish and chopped it up. This great fish became the North Island, and thus a Māori name for the North Island is Te Ika-a-Māui ("The Fish of Māui"). The mountains and valleys are believed to have been formed as a result of Māui's brothers' hacking at the fish. During Captain James Cook 's voyage between 1769 and 1770 , Tahitian navigator Tupaia accompanied
1845-546: The second-lowest concentration at 1.3%. According to responses to the 2018 census, 91.6% of Pacific Peoples spoke English, and 37.8% spoke two languages. At the 2018 census, 59.4% of Pasifika reported belonging to a single ethnic group. The largest Pacific Peoples ethnic groups – immigrants from a particular Pacific nation and their descendants – are Samoan New Zealanders (182,721 people), Tongan New Zealanders (82,389), Cook Island Māori (80,532), and Niueans (30,867). In 1993, Samoan-born Taito Phillip Field became
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1890-567: Was 23.5, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 54.0% had no religion, 34.7% were Christian , 0.4% had Māori religious beliefs , 0.7% were Hindu , 0.1% were Muslim , 0.6% were Buddhist and 2.2% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 5,013 (21.3%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 3,876 (16.5%) people had no formal qualifications. 4,329 people (18.4%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
1935-549: Was formerly owned by the Wellington and Manawatu Railway Company , and construction of the line was completed when the ends from Wellington and Longburn ( Palmerston North ) met near Lindale in Otaihanga in 1886. There were proposals to extend the commuter train service operated by Transdev Wellington to a new station at Lindale, subject to Wellington Regional Council funding, but these were dropped when electrification for
1980-516: Was that 10,368 (44.1%) people were employed full-time, 3,333 (14.2%) were part-time, and 918 (3.9%) were unemployed. Coastlands Shopping Town or Mall opened in Paraparaumu in 1969. It has 1400 carparks and 94 shops, including Pak'nSave , The Warehouse , Farmers and Countdown . Paraparaumu was formerly represented in soccer/football by Paraparaumu United. They merged with the Raumati Hearts in 2003 to create Kapiti Coast United , which
2025-672: Was then cancelled in the mid 2010s. Paraparaumu is located on the North Island Main Trunk Railway (NIMT), on the Kapiti Line of Wellington's commuter railway network operated by Transdev under the Metlink brand. Electrified commuter services were extended to Waikanae on 20 February 2011. Korean built by Hyundai Rotem, FP/FT class electric multiple units operate the commuter trains. Beyond Waikanae, KiwiRail 's Great Journeys New Zealand division operates two diesel-hauled long distance passenger services:
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