Pencader Hundred is an unincorporated subdivision of New Castle County , Delaware . Hundreds were once used as a basis for representation in the Delaware General Assembly , and while their names still appear on all real estate transactions, they presently have no meaningful use or purpose except as a geographical point of reference. It is named after Pencader, Carmarthenshire , Wales .
15-604: Pencader Hundred is that portion of western New Castle County that lies south and west of the Christiana River , north of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal , and generally west of Salem Church Road and Red Lion Road (DE Route 71). It also includes a large area north and east of the Christiana River generally from the old Pennsylvania Railroad tracks to Cooch's Bridge, as well as another small area south of
30-699: A couple of prominent hills to the area. Important roads include portions of Interstate 95 , the Pulaski Highway ( U.S. Route 40 ), Summit Bridge Road ( Delaware Route 896 ), and the old main highway between Wilmington and Baltimore, now Old Baltimore Pike . A portion of the old Delaware Railroad, subsequently the Delmarva branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad runs north–south at the eastern edge. The old Newark-Delaware City railroad, now Norfolk Southern Railway 's Delmarva Secondary, crosses
45-524: A million people in the three states, providing 75% of the water supply for New Castle County, Delaware, and more than 40% of the water supply for Chester County, Pennsylvania. The river was named for Queen Christina of Sweden . Fort Christina , the first permanent European settlement in Delaware, was established at the confluence of Brandywine Creek and the Christina River in 1638 as a part of
60-731: A tributary of the Christina, drains 58% of this area (325 square miles, 840 km ). White Clay Creek and its tributary, Red Clay Creek , drain a further 28% of the basin (161 square miles, 420 km ). Including Brandywine Creek, 71% of the Christina's basin is in Pennsylvania (400 square miles, 1,000 km ); 28% is in Delaware (157 square miles, 410 km ); and 1% is in Maryland (8 square miles, 21 km ). The basin's streams supply approximately 100 million gallons (400 million liters) of water per day for more than half
75-737: The United States . As of 2000, portions of the creek are under wildlife habitat protection. The East and West branches both rise in West Marlborough Township, Pennsylvania , near the hamlet of Upland, and flow south through Kennett Square before uniting just north of the Delaware border. The stream enters Delaware near the town of Yorklyn and flows southward through New Castle County , passing through Marshallton . Red Clay Creek empties into White Clay Creek near Stanton , approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) southwest of Wilmington . Ultimately, White Clay Creek enters
90-546: The 1980s and 1990s which continues to this day. This area is among the fastest growing parts of Delaware. Important geographical features, in addition to the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, Christiana River, and Back Creek, include Five Mile Run, Chestnut Hill and Iron Hill . It is mostly in the coastal plain region on the Delmarva Peninsula , but an extension of the piedmont in the northwest corner provides
105-562: The Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, west of Summit Bridge and north of Back Creek. Finally, it excludes the small area west of the Christiana River immediately west of Newark . It was formed from portions of New Castle Hundred , Christiana Hundred and Red Lion Hundred in 1710. Originally, the default boundary of Delaware and Maryland was the vague height of land between the Delaware River and Chesapeake Bay drainage basins and Pencader Hundred extended only to that point. With
120-580: The Christina River, also near Stanton. The creek serves as a boundary between the Hundreds of Mill Creek and Christiana . The Wilmington and Western Railroad follows the creek south from Yorklyn as far as Greenbank . In the late 19th Century, several factories were located along Red Clay Creek, including those for the manufacture of flour , wool and iron . The creek suffered from severe flooding in 1999 due to Hurricane Floyd and in 2003 due to Tropical Storm Henri . Since 2000, portions of
135-685: The Delaware River. The Christina Riverwalk makes up a segment of the East Coast Greenway , a 3,000 mile long system of trails connecting Maine to Florida. According to the Geographic Names Information System , the Christina River has also been known historically as: Red Clay Creek Red Clay Creek is a 12.7-mile-long (20.4 km) tributary of White Clay Creek , running through southeastern Pennsylvania and northern Delaware in
150-505: The Delaware River. The Port of Wilmington , opened in 1923 at the river's mouth, handles international cargo and trade. The river rises in southeastern Pennsylvania in Franklin Township in southern Chester County , and initially flows southeastwardly, passing through the northeastern extremity of Maryland in northeastern Cecil County , into New Castle County in Delaware, where it flows through western and southern areas of
165-563: The Head of the Christina held every year in the boat house of Wilmington youth rowing association. Just south of downtown Wilmington, the Christina provides home port to the "Kalmar Nyckel", Delaware's official Tall Ship. Co-located with the Kalmar Nyckel is the home port to the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary's Search and Rescue Detachment (SARDET) Wilmington. The Christina River is also one of many Striped Bass spawning areas that empty into
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#1732798676864180-719: The Swedish colony of New Sweden . The fort was captured by the Dutch in 1655, and by the English in 1664. Many rowing teams and clubs in Wilmington practice along the Christina River, among them the Wilmington Youth Rowing Association, Wilmington rowing association, Newport Rowing Club, and University of Delaware . In addition, there is a fall "head race" occurring on the river by the name of
195-417: The city of Newark and then turns northeastwardly, passing the town of Newport and approaching Wilmington from the southwest. It receives White Clay Creek from the west near Newport, and Brandywine Creek in Wilmington, approximately 2 miles (3 km) upstream of its mouth. The Christina River and its tributaries drain an area of 565 square miles, 1,460 km . Brandywine Creek, despite being
210-429: The northeastern corner. The Pencader Heritage Museum: Christiana River The Christina River is a tributary of the Delaware River , approximately 35 miles (56 km) long, in northern Delaware . It also flows through small areas of southeastern Pennsylvania and northeastern Maryland . Near its mouth, the river flows past downtown Wilmington, Delaware , forming the city's harbor for traffic on
225-608: The running of the Mason–Dixon line in 1767, the western boundary of Delaware was established in its present location and became Pencader Hundred's western boundary. A portion of the city of Newark and the Glasgow Census Designated Place (CDP) is in Pencader Hundred. Pencader Hundred is rural and agricultural in places, but there has been considerable residential and commercial development in
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