Pennsylvania Nautical School existed in Pennsylvania, United States, from 1889–1947.
63-669: In an effort to meet the nation's demand for trained seamen, the United States Congress passed an Act on June 20, 1874, giving the Secretary of the Navy the authority to provide a naval vessel and instructors for a nautical school to be established at each or any of the ports of New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Norfolk, and San Francisco. To that end, the Pennsylvania Nautical School (PNS)
126-682: A Navy-approved location or a museum collection. The PSA published the last issue of The Lookout in Autumn 2015 with Patricia O'Donnell, (widow of PNS graduate, Robert Bellas and wife of Vince O'Donnell President of PSA), serving as editor. An annual memorial mass to honor deceased alumni will be held each year on October 15 thanks to the support of Reverend Edward Brady (son of Dr. Eugene F. Brady '48) at Saint Anne Roman Catholic Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. A permanent Pennsylvania Nautical School and Pennsylvania Maritime Academy Memorial marker
189-476: A day, and returned to Veracruz on 11 August. On 1 September, Saratoga relieved Decatur at Tuxpan and remained on station there, despite a serious outbreak of yellow fever on board, for about two months before heading back to Veracruz. After a month there, the ship got underway for the Florida coast to land her sick and replenish her stores. She arrived at Pensacola on 6 January 1848; and, after disembarking all
252-589: A model of the Federal St. Navy Yard recreating Joshua Humphreys ' 18th century shipyard. Tides of Freedom: African Presence on the Delaware River, curated by University of Pennsylvania Professor of Sociology and Africana Studies Tukufu Zuberi , opened in May 2013 and explores African-American history along the Delaware River. The exhibit focuses on the slave trade along the Delaware River, emancipation and
315-474: A new steward. The Seaport Museum held a preservation summit in March 2011, and shortly thereafter announced that qualified interested organizations could apply for stewardship of Olympia through a transfer application process vetted by a review panel of historic ship and preservation experts. In 2014 the museum announced that it had cancelled plans to seek a new steward and instead would focus its efforts on raising
378-527: A rigorous written academic examination in mathematics, literature, and history. Classes were admitted to the nautical school twice a year, in May and October. The Pennsylvania Nautical School's course of training was two years, at the end of which time cadets graduated as third officers and were eligible for an officer's position aboard any American merchant ship. PNS cadets studied navigation, theoretical and practical marine engineering, and seamanship, were taught by Navy officers, and received their training aboard
441-403: A schoolship, a retired naval ship which was repurposed as a training ship. Coursework was divided into port and sea terms. The schoolship was typically anchored at the port of Philadelphia during port terms and cadets could apply for permission for a leave of absence during the weekends. The sea terms were spent in cruise in foreign or home waters. During sea terms, the schoolship sailed to ports in
504-719: A state marine school ship for the Pennsylvania Nautical School in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania, until sold there on 14 August 1907 to Thomas Butler & Company of Boston. The ship was burned as an attraction for the amusement of Revere Beach tourists in 1908. [REDACTED] This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships . The entry can be found here . Independence Seaport Museum The Independence Seaport Museum (formerly
567-670: The Battle of Saratoga of the American Revolutionary War . Her keel was laid down in the summer of 1841 by the Portsmouth Navy Yard . She was launched on 26 July 1842 and commissioned on 4 January 1843 with Commander Josiah Tattnall III in command. The ship sailed from Portsmouth, New Hampshire , on 16 March 1843, but was dismasted in a gale the next day and forced to return to Portsmouth for repairs. She got underway again on 3 May and proceeded down
630-598: The Medal of Honor for rescuing fellow sailors from drowning: Apprentices David M. Buchanan and John Hayden off Battery Park in New York Harbor on 15 July 1879 and Captain of the Top William Sadler off Coaster's Harbor Island , Rhode Island , on 25 June 1881. Saratoga was decommissioned on 8 October 1888. The ship served on loan to the state of Pennsylvania between 1890 and 1907, operating as
693-948: The Norfolk Navy Yard on 30 November. Recommissioned on 12 August 1850, Saratoga got underway on 15 September and proceeded to the western Pacific for service in the East India Squadron . The highlight of her service in the Far East was her participation in Commodore Perry's Opening of Japan . After visiting Japan with Perry in July 1853, she sailed for the China coast and protected American interests at Shanghai while Japanese officials discussed Perry's proposals. She returned with Perry in February 1854, and, after
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#1732781037569756-778: The Philadelphia Maritime Museum ) was founded in 1961 and is located in the Penn's Landing complex along the Delaware River in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania. The collections at the Independence Seaport Museum document maritime history and culture along the Delaware River. At the museum are two National Historic Landmark ships and the J. Welles Henderson Archives and Library. In 1961, maritime collector J. Welles Henderson felt that Philadelphia 's maritime history had been forgotten, and
819-614: The Port of Philadelphia from early America to the present. The Archive includes personal and business records, rare books, reference materials, mechanical drawings, ship models, maps, art, architectural drawings, charts, recordings, photographs, cultural artifacts, and ephemera. Notable items in the collection include the John Barry-Hayes collection, Reed & Ford business papers, Captain John Greene Collection,
882-663: The Reform War . Reactivated on 5 November 1860, she sailed from Philadelphia ten days later to return to the scene of her first cruise, the west coast of Africa. On 21 April 1861, she captured the slaver, Nightingale , off Cabinda freeing a cargo of numerous slaves. After word of the outbreak of the American Civil War reached Saratoga , she returned to the United States and decommissioned at Philadelphia on 25 August 1861. Recommissioned on 24 June 1863,
945-797: The City: Archaeological Discoveries from the Philadelphia Waterfront , and Art in the Open: The Exhibition. At the Independence Seaport Museum are two National Landmark historic ships: cruiser Olympia and submarine Becuna . USS Olympia , a warship that played a vital role during the Spanish–American War at the Battle of Manila Bay , is the only surviving American naval warship from her era. Olympia served in World War I,
1008-492: The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and who had a parent or guardian who also was a citizen of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. In 1920, the age requirement was raised to ages 17 through 20. As part of the admissions process, applicants had to provide letters of recommendation attesting to their sound "moral character", possess an aptitude for a sea life, as well as pass a physical examination by a board of medical examiners and
1071-528: The Delaware River, exploring how tragedy shaped modern maritime safety regulations and led to the formation of the United States Coast Guard . The exhibit begins with a late 18th-century Revolutionary War -era explosion of a British ship and ends with the 1975 oil tanker collision and resulting fire. Titanic Philadelphians opened in 2012, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the sinking of RMS Titanic . The exhibit focuses on
1134-728: The Gulf attempting to help Conner carry out this mission until she sailed from Pensacola on 4 December for Rio de Janeiro to join the Brazil Squadron . The sloop-of-war cruised along the South American coast until mid-summer. Then, under orders to the Pacific for service under Commodore John D. Sloat on the California coast, she got underway on 24 August and headed south along the coast. However, after rounding Cape Horn ,
1197-568: The Independence Seaport Museum opened a new exhibit which focuses on Philadelphia and the founding of the United States Navy . As the name suggests, Patriots and Pirates, examines the conflict between pirates and the United States, and features a full-size, waterline model of Diligence of 1797 . Some notable artifacts in the exhibit include a rare 1793 letter from an American taken hostage by pirates, Captain John Barry 's octant, and
1260-724: The Log of the American Merchant Training Ships, a monthly publication of the Allied Associations of the Massachusetts, New York, and Pennsylvania Merchant Training Ships. The Pennsylvania Schoolship Association (PSA) was established in 1955 with the purpose of maintaining contact with shipmates and to preserve the history of the Pennsylvania Nautical School. The PSA held memorial services and organized annual musters until 2014. The PSA published
1323-737: The PNS/PMA. Due to a decreasing membership base and aging alumni and volunteers, the PSA "furled its sails" in 2015. Before disbanding the organization, the PSA decided that it would have to first fulfill the goals below: The PSA accomplished all of its goals before disbanding in 2015. As of September 2016, alumni are working to move the USS Annapolis bell from over the bar at the Riverside Yacht Club in Essington, Pennsylvania to
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#17327810375691386-676: The Philadelphia Maritime Exchange records, and the collection of 16th–18th century geographical maps and charts. The Archive also maintains the cruiser Olympia and submarine Becuna collections. In August 2016 the Archive launched its first online catalog, which lists inventories of its archival collections. Over the past several years, the museum has expanded its public and educational programming for adults, families, and children. Educational programs, such as lectures, science labs, summer camps, and field trips, explore
1449-768: The Ship and is working to raise the funds necessary to tow the vessel to a dry-dock facility so that its hull can be repaired. In April 2011, John Brady was named the Seaport Museum's President & CEO. Brady was formerly the longtime director of the Workshop on the Water, the museum's boat shop specializing in the building and restoration of traditional wooden boats. In June 2015, the museum nearly doubled its endowment after receiving four large donations totaling nearly $ 13.9 million to help fund museum programs, exhibitions, and
1512-847: The State Legislature. On July 8, 1919, the Pennsylvania State Legislature reactivated the nautical school and renamed it the Pennsylvania State Nautical School. The USS Annapolis was designated as the nautical school's training vessel until its service ended in 1941. In 1940, the administration of the school was transferred to the United States Maritime Commission and was renamed the Pennsylvania Maritime Academy. In
1575-477: The United States and passed through Philadelphia's Washington Avenue Immigration Station. On display are artifacts and oral histories of both wealthy first-class passengers and economically disadvantaged passengers traveling in steerage. In the 18th century Philadelphia became one of the first American cities to begin trading with China. Philadelphia and the China Trade chronicles the history of trade between
1638-574: The United States, Europe, South America and the West Indies. The ship stayed a short time in each of the ports visited so that the cadets could go on shore and see the countries and their people. During the sea terms, cadets devoted most of their time to practical work such as steering, heaving the lead, and handling boats under oars and sail. Athletics also played an important part in the curriculum. Cadets formed baseball, football, swimming, boxing, and track teams. Team uniforms and gear were provided by
1701-451: The abolitionist movement in Philadelphia, and Philadelphia's connection to the underground railroad. The exhibit continues into the modern era, focusing on Jim Crow and Civil Rights in Philadelphia. On display at the exhibit are slave shackles and an 18th-century account book that documents the sale of slaves in Philadelphia. Rescues on the River tells the story of maritime disasters along
1764-551: The alumni newsletter The Lookout (1956–2015). The Lookout was written and edited for many years by Class of 1930 graduate Captain Ray Eisenberg, and served as an official news vehicle for the PSA. It featured alumni profiles, articles related to the merchant marine, and reports of association meetings. The PSA also published the Chronicle , a booklet containing alumni information, as well as, articles related to history of
1827-441: The approximately 40 Philadelphian passengers of Titanic, their first hand accounts, and how their lives were forever altered by the tragedy. On display is a rare first class passenger list which was salvaged by Marian Longstreth Thayer who unknowingly had the list in her pocket as she boarded a lifeboat and whose husband died in the disaster. Coming to America spotlights the experiences of immigrants who left their homeland for
1890-503: The capture of many prisoners and the taking or destruction of substantial quantities of ordnance, ammunition, and supplies. A number of buildings, bridges, and salt works were destroyed during the expedition. As the American Civil War was drawing to a close, Saratoga was detached on 4 April 1865, sailed north, and was decommissioned on 28 April. For the next decade, only two periods in commission for coastal operations (1 October 1867 to 7 July 1869 and 16 May to 14 October 1871) interrupted
1953-536: The coast of western Africa protecting American citizens and commerce and suppressing the slave trade. She occasionally returned to the Cape Verdes for replenishment and rest for her crew. At Porto Grande, Cape Verde , Saratoga rendezvoused with Decatur and Macedonian on 9 September, and Perry shifted his flag to the latter two days later. Much of Saratoga ' s service in the Africa Squadron
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2016-728: The coast to New York Harbor to prepare for service in the Ivory Coast Expedition . On the morning of 5 June, she was towed to Sandy Hook, New Jersey , where, at noon, Commodore Matthew Perry came on board and broke his broad pennant as Commander of the Africa Squadron . At mid-afternoon, the ship stood out to sea, proceeded via the Canary Islands and the Cape Verde Islands and reached Monrovia , Liberia, on 1 August. Saratoga operated along
2079-487: The coast, entered the Gulf of Mexico , and joined Commodore Perry's Home Squadron off Veracruz , on 26 April. Three days later, the sloop-of-war was ordered to proceed some 150 miles up the coast to blockade Tuxpan . She reached the station on 30 April and remained there until heading back toward Veracruz on 12 July. About a fortnight later, she got underway for Tabasco , carrying dispatches; remained at that river port but
2142-574: The colonists in Liberia. The Commodore's prudence, firmness, fairness, and tact in reconciling these conflicting objectives was illustrated by his handling of two incidents soon after the squadron returned to Liberia in the early autumn. Reports greeted him upon arrival that the hostile tribes had been making trouble for the colonists in the colony of Sinoe and had killed two sailors from American schooner, Edward Burley . Saratoga sailed from Monrovia on 21 November, and Perry followed two days later with
2205-518: The following story: In mid-December, the squadron sailed to Little Berebee to investigate the plundering of trading schooner, Mary Carver , and murder of her entire crew. During the ensuing palaver, when Perry refused to accept the far-fetched explanation of King Ben Krako , a native fired a musket at the American party. The king and his interpreter, who was known to be one of the murderers, attempted to escape. Commander Tattnall of Saratoga killed
2268-537: The formal signing of a treaty between the United States and Japan on the last day of March, sailed for the Sandwich Islands carrying Commander Henry A. Adams , to whom Perry had entrusted the American copy of the treaty. After leaving Adams at Honolulu , Saratoga sailed south, rounded Cape Horn , reached Boston , Massachusetts, in September, and was decommissioned on 10 October 1854. The sloop-of-war
2331-510: The funds necessary to repair the Ship. In 2014 the museum received $ 6 million in funding from the Redevelopment Assistance Capital program, which covered a portion of the repairs. Over the next several years, the museum was awarded grants from private donors, as well as, federal and state agencies to help cover the preservation costs. In 2017, the Independence Seaport Museum completed the first phase of renovations to
2394-455: The interpreter with a rifle shot and the king was also killed in attempting to flee. After demonstrating the determination and ability of the United States to control events along the coast of Africa, the squadron got underway late in the year for Madeira where it arrived on 18 January 1844. She returned to the African coast via the Cape Verdes and reached Monrovia on 2 March. The late spring
2457-426: The museum moved to Penn's Landing along the Delaware River , after spending $ 15 million to renovate a building used by the Port of History Museum , which had closed two years earlier. It was renamed the Independence Seaport Museum. In June 2007, former Independence Seaport Museum president John S. Carter pleaded guilty to charges of fraud and tax evasion from misappropriating about US$ 2.5 million in funds from
2520-620: The museum opened an exhibit to commemorate the World War I centennial. The World War I USS Olympia exhibit highlights the ship's humanitarian and peace-keeping role in World War I Europe. The exhibit also explores the everyday life of sailors aboard the ship, as well as, Olympia ' s final mission of transporting the remains of the Unknown Soldier from France to Arlington National Cemetery in Washington, DC. In April 2016
2583-568: The museum. He received a 15-year sentence in federal prison. Carter, who was president of the museum from 1989 to March 2006, was accused of using money from the museum to buy numerous personal items, including two boats, an espresso machine, and a carriage house for his home in Cape Cod between 1997 and 2006. In February 2010, museum officials announced that the cruiser USS Olympia needed $ 10 to $ 20 million for hull repairs to prevent her from sinking and would consider transferring her to
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2646-712: The nautical school before it closed in 1947. The Pennsylvania Nautical School's first schoolship was the USS ; Saratoga , a 47-year-old 882-ton sloop of war, named after the Battle of Saratoga of the American Revolutionary War. In 1908, the Saratoga was replaced by the USS Adams , a 1,397-ton screw gunboat. The Adams served for five years until the school was discontinued on February 16, 1914, due to local disagreements and lack of funding by
2709-425: The nautical school's fifth and final schoolship. Lack of state government funding, allegations of cadet's "mutinous behavior", allegations of political corruption, and a decrease in applicants led to the closure of the Pennsylvania Maritime Academy on June 20, 1947. Admission to the Pennsylvania Nautical School was limited to young men between the ages of 16 and 19 years who were United States citizens and residents of
2772-422: The now outlawed commerce in "black ivory", these natives gave vent to their anger by harassing, threatening, and sometimes attacking the black colonists from America. From time to time, they also preyed upon American merchant shipping. Perry's problem was one of reconciling the conflicting demands of protecting American interests on the African coast, of remaining aloof from African internal affairs, and encouraging
2835-519: The remainder of spring. The Commodore sailed for Washington, DC , on 23 June after ordering Saratoga and the rest of his squadron to Pensacola, Florida , to replenish their stores. On 3 July, Secretary of the Navy George Bancroft transferred Saratoga to Commodore David Conner 's Home Squadron which was then operating "... in such a manner as will be most likely to disincline Mexico to acts of hostility ..." Saratoga operated in
2898-536: The rest of the squadron bringing along as a guest Liberian Governor Joseph Jenkins Roberts . The American warships assembled at Sinoe on 28 November. The next day, a large force of sailors and Marines accompanied the Commodore and Governor ashore for a conference with an assembly of tribal kings. First on the agenda was the Edward Burley incident. Governor Roberts' questioning of a number of witnesses divulged
2961-421: The restoration to the two historic ships. In January 2016, the Independence Seaport Museum was given a grant of over $ 1 million by the William Penn Foundation to fund environmental and clean water programs, as well as, exhibitions, and renovations to the dock. In 2017, the Independence Seaport Museum received a grant of $ 2.6 million from William Penn Foundation to support the River Alive exhibition. In June 2017
3024-406: The school. The school's yearbook was The Helm. The Tarp was a monthly newsletter published by the cadet-midshipmen of the Pennsylvania Maritime Academy (1945–1946). The Pennsylvania Nautical School had several alumni associations. The first was the Pennsylvania Nautical School Association (PNSA). PNSA was formed in 1905 and published the short-lived the Log of the PNSA, which later became part of
3087-428: The seriously sick patients at the base hospital, got underway north on the last day of the month. She made New York City on 19 February and was decommissioned a week later. On 17 April, a week after recommissioning, the sloop-of-war departed New York City and proceeded via Norfolk, Virginia , to the West Indies for service in the Home Squadron . She returned to Hampton Roads on 27 November 1849 and decommissioned at
3150-456: The ship was ordered to the Delaware Capes for guard duty off the Delaware breakwater protecting Union shipping approaching and departing Delaware Bay and performed this duty through the end of the year. On 13 January 1864, she was ordered to Carolina waters for duty in the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron . During her service off the lower Atlantic coast, landing parties from the ship made several raids in August and September which resulted in
3213-399: The sloop-of-war ran into a fierce storm which caused severe damage and forced her to turn back toward home. She reached Hampton Roads on 29 December and decommissioned on 9 January 1847. Repaired at the Norfolk Navy Yard , Saratoga was recommissioned in 1847, Commander David G. Farragut in command. Assigned to the Home Squadron , she rounded Cape Henry on 29 March, sailed south along
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#17327810375693276-456: The spring of 1942, the administration ended and the cadets were transferred to the US Merchant Marine Academy in Kings Point, New York. The former Coast Guard cutter USCGC Seneca became the nautical school's fourth schoolship. In September 1942, administration of the school was returned to the State of Pennsylvania, and the Seneca was renamed the USS Keystone State . In 1946, the USS Selinur , renamed USS Keystone State II , became
3339-566: The two nations and explores the lasting impact it had on Philadelphia's culture and economy. This exhibit spotlights navigation science. On display are navigational tools from the early American colonial period to the present. The Community Gallery Series began in February 2012. These temporary exhibits are the result of collaboration between Museum staff and Philadelphia area curators and historians. Some present and past exhibits include Philadelphia Rowing: Breaking down Barriers , Oh, Sugar! The Magical Transformation from Cane to Candy , Digging
3402-454: The veteran ship's rest in ordinary. Saratoga reactivated on 1 May 1875 for a year as a gunnery ship at Annapolis, Maryland . Another year in ordinary beginning 7 May 1876 preceded her final recommissioning on 19 May 1877 to start more than eleven years as a school ship training naval apprentices. This duty took her to various naval bases and yards along the Atlantic coast and to Europe on occasion. During this period, three of her crew received
3465-426: Was assigned to a squadron commanded by Commodore Robert F. Stockton and originally intended for duty in European waters. However, on 22 April, because of tension between the United States and Mexico over an impending annexation of Texas , this naval force was ordered to the Gulf of Mexico . Saratoga departed Norfolk on 27 April and proceeded to the Texas coast. She remained at Galveston, Texas , with Stockton for
3528-424: Was decommissioned in 1922, and became a part of The Independence Seaport Museum in 1996. Currently she is a museum ship where visitors can walk aboard, tour, and watch historical reenactments conducted by the Cruiser Olympia Living History Crew. The Independence Seaport Museum is raising funds to preserve the ship and to conduct necessary repairs. USS Becuna is a World War II and Cold War -era submarine. She
3591-412: Was dedicated along the Delaware riverfront in front of the Independence Seaport Museum on May 24, 2014 . Lastly, the legacy project donated funds to support further cataloging and online access to the PNS/PMA collection held at the J. Henderson Welles Archives and Library . USS Saratoga (1842) USS Saratoga , a sloop-of-war , was the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for
3654-515: Was devoted to a cruise eastward along the coast to the Bight of Biafra . Yellow fever plagued the crew during the summer. The ship sailed for the Cape Verdes on 8 July and reached Porto Praia on 21 July. The ship returned to Liberia in September for a last visit before leaving the African coast in mid-October and heading home. She reached Norfolk, Virginia , on 22 November and decommissioned there on 10 December 1844. Recommissioned on 15 March 1845 with Commander Irving Shubrich in command, Saratoga
3717-505: Was established in 1889 by the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and for 58 years trained young men for careers in the maritime trades and professions. PNS cadets were taught aboard five different schoolships: USS Saratoga (1889–1907); USS Adams (1907–1914); USS Annapolis (1919–1942); USS Keystone State , ex USCGC Seneca (1942–1946); and USS Keystone State II , ex USS Selinur (1946–1947). Approximately 2,000 cadets graduated from
3780-400: Was frustrated that his city lacked a maritime museum like those in New England . To rectify this issue, he rented space in the Athenaeum on Washington Square to open the Philadelphia Maritime Museum. Initially the museum housed his personal collection of maritime items. In 1974, the museum moved to 321 Chestnut Street, into a building built in 1898 for the First National Bank . In 1995,
3843-420: Was launched in 1944, was decommissioned in 1969, and became a part of the Independence Seaport Museum in 1996. She is now a museum submarine where people can enter, explore the historical artifacts housed aboard the submarine, and take tours. The J. Welles Henderson Research Center is located on the second floor of the museum. The collection focuses on maritime history and culture along the Delaware River and in
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#17327810375693906-434: Was performed in implementing Perry's policy of supporting Liberia which had been founded some two decades before on the African " Grain Coast " as a haven for freed Negroes from the United States. The new colony was deeply resented by the local, coastal tribes which had acted as the slave trade's middlemen, buying slaves from their bushmen captors and selling them to masters of slave ships . Missing their former profits from
3969-409: Was recommissioned on 6 September 1855 and, but for a period out of commission in ordinary at Norfolk early in 1858, cruised in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico until decommissioning at Philadelphia , Pennsylvania, on 26 June 1860. She fought in the 1860 naval battle off Anton Lizardo, Veracruz . The Saratoga and two chartered steamers defeated two Mexican ships and helped put an end to
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