In genealogy , a cadet is a younger son , as opposed to the firstborn heir .
13-510: Princess Royal is a style customarily (but not automatically) awarded by British monarchs to their eldest daughters. Although purely honorary, it is the highest honour that may be given to a female member of the royal family. There have been seven Princesses Royal; Princess Anne became Princess Royal in 1987. The style Princess Royal came into existence when Queen Henrietta Maria (1609–1669), daughter of Henry IV, King of France , and wife of King Charles I (1600–1649), wanted to imitate
26-427: A territorial designation, she may cease its use. Exceptionally, however, a princess who has been granted the title of HRH The Princess Royal will not customarily combine it with her style by marriage. For example, Princess Anne has been Her Royal Highness The Princess Royal since being given the title in 1987; prior to that, her formal title was Her Royal Highness The Princess Anne, Mrs Mark Phillips . The following
39-469: Is a complete list of women formally styled Princess Royal : Substantive title A substantive title , in the United Kingdom, is a title of nobility which is owned in its own right, as opposed to titles shared among cadets , borne as a courtesy title by a peer's relatives, or acquired through marriage. The Almanach de Gotha treated titles used by dynasties of abolished monarchies :
52-466: Is held for life, even if the holder outlives her parent the monarch. On the death of a Princess Royal, the style is not inherited by any of her daughters; instead, if the monarch parent of the late Princess Royal has also died, the new monarch may bestow it upon his or her own eldest daughter. Thus, Princess Louise was granted the style of Princess Royal by her father King Edward VII in 1905; she retained it until her death in 1931, over twenty years into
65-753: The French , which is itself derived from the Gascon Occitan (spoken in Gascony in southwest France) capdet "captain, chief", in turn from the Late Latin capitellum , the diminutive of Latin caput "head" (hence also chief). Younger sons from Gascon families were apparently commonly sent to the French court to serve as officers; as a rule, non-heirs from the European nobility sought careers in
78-525: The head of the house bearing a traditional title of the dynasty in lieu of or after the given name. In accordance with a tradition dating back to the reign of Napoleon I , titles in pretence were treated by the Almanach de Gotha as if still borne by members of reigning dynasties. Cadet (genealogy) The word has been recorded in English since 1634, originally for a young son, identical to
91-399: The father's which is passed on unaltered only to the (usually firstborn) heir. Military has been the traditional career choice of the nobility throughout the centuries, and it has been customary that the firstborn son inherited the title, lands and possessions, while the younger sons of a noble family went to the military, often to be trained as officers. Hence the meaning " cadet branch " for
104-561: The military or the clergy. As an adjective, "cadet" is used to signify a junior branch of a family. Thus, the Orléans line was a cadet branch of the Bourbon family, which itself was a cadet branch of the House of Capet . For the status as such, the noun cadency exists, as in the heraldic term mark of cadency , for a feature which distinguishes a cadet son's coat of arms from
117-562: The only daughter of King George I , were eligible for this honour but did not receive it. At the time they respectively became eligible for the style, Princess Mary was already Princess of Orange , and Sophia Dorothea was already Queen in Prussia . A Princess Royal has never acceded to the British throne; Princess Victoria , the eldest daughter of Queen Victoria , was the only Princess Royal to simultaneously be heiress presumptive, until she
130-603: The reign of her brother King Charles III , then there would be no eligible royal princess; Charles III has no daughters and Princess Charlotte , the daughter of William, Prince of Wales , would become eligible only upon William's accession to the throne. Customarily, when a princess marries, she takes on her husband's title. If her husband has a lower title or style, her style as a princess remains in use, although it may then be combined with her style by marriage, e.g. HRH The Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll or HRH Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone – if that princess had
143-522: The reign of her brother King George V . Only upon Louise's death did the title become available for George's own daughter, Princess Mary , who was granted the title in 1932, retaining it until her death in 1965. Because Mary outlived not only her father but also her brother King George VI , the title was never available during George VI's reign to be granted to his elder daughter Princess Elizabeth (later Queen Elizabeth II), though she would otherwise have been eligible to hold it. If Princess Anne dies during
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#1732766234177156-510: The way the eldest daughter of the King of France was styled " Madame Royale ". Thus, Princess Mary (born 1631), the daughter of Henrietta Maria and Charles, became the first Princess Royal in 1642. It has become established that the style belongs to no one by right, but is given entirely at the sovereign's discretion. Princess Mary (later Queen Mary II ) (1662–1694), the eldest daughter of King James II , and Princess Sophia Dorothea (1687–1757),
169-522: Was displaced by the birth of her brother Prince Albert Edward . Princess Louisa Maria (1692–1712), the youngest daughter of King James II (died 1701), born after he lost his crown in the Glorious Revolution of 1688–1689, was considered to be Princess Royal during James's exile by Jacobites at Saint-Germain-en-Laye and was so called by them, even though she was not James's eldest living daughter at any time during her life. The title
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