Publons was a commercial website that provided a free service for academics to track, verify, and showcase their peer review and editorial contributions for academic journals . It was launched in 2012 and was bought by Clarivate in 2017. It claimed that over 3,000,000 researchers joined the site, adding more than one million reviews across 25,000 journals. In 2019, ResearcherID was integrated with Publons.
11-564: Publons produced a verified record of a person's review and editorial activity for journals, which could be downloaded to include in CVs, funding and job applications, and promotion and performance evaluations. Publons' business model was based on partnering with publishers. Publons was founded by Andrew Preston and Daniel Johnston to address the static state of peer-reviewing practices in academic research publishing, in view of encouraging collaboration and speeding scientific development. The Publons name
22-429: A basis for distributing research funds. In order to achieve a high rank in such an assessment, there is a trend to split up research results into smaller parts that are published separately, thus inflating the number of publications. This process has been described as splitting the results into the smallest publishable units. " Salami publication ", sometimes also referred to as " salami slicing " or "salami science" ,
33-566: A few small articles provides a way of getting used to how the system of peer review and professional publication works, and it does indeed help to boost publication count. But publishing too many LPUs is thought not to impress peers when it comes time to seek promotion beyond the assistant professor (or equivalent) level. Also, LPUs may not always be the most efficient way to pass on knowledge, because they break up ideas into small pieces, sometimes forcing people to look up many cross-references. Multiple salami slices also occupy more journal pages than
44-401: A journal or a conference. ( Maximum publishable unit and optimum publishable unit are also used.) The term is often used as a joking, ironic, or derogatory reference to the strategy of artificially inflating quantity of publications. Publication of the results of research is an essential part of science . The number of publications is often used to assess the work of a scientist and as
55-496: Is a variant of the smallest-publishable-unit strategy. In salami publishing, data gathered by one research project is separately reported (wholly or in part) in multiple end publications. Salami publishing, apparently named by analogy with the thin slices made from a larger salami sausage, is generally considered questionable when not explicitly labeled, as it may lead to the same data being counted multiple times as apparently independent results in aggregate studies. Salami slicing
66-439: Is considered a type of scientific misconduct . When data gathered in one research project are partially reported as if a single study, a problem of statistical significance can arise. Scientists typically use a 5% threshold to determine whether a hypothesis is supported by the results of a research project. If multiple hypotheses are being tested on a single research project, 1 in 20 hypotheses will by chance be supported by
77-558: Is shared using a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license . Publons has partnerships with many publishers and with related services such as Altmetric and ORCID . Publons Peer Review Awards are recognitions for top peer reviewers and editors. Publons' Awards started in 2016. In 2017 an award program called the Sentinel Award was added, for outstanding advocacy, innovation or contribution to scholarly peer review. TechCrunch remarked that lack of transparency leads to many problems in
88-451: The publication process, and Publons purports to help with that. Research Information noted that while the site supports both pre- and post-publication review, not all reviews are published, in deference to existing publication norms. Nature noted that peer review is an important job, and reported on the reactions of two of Publons's most prolific reviewers. Publons sends unsolicited bulk email to academics to advertise its service. This
99-415: The research. Partially reported research projects must use a more stringent threshold when testing for statistical significance but often do not do this. There is no consensus among academics about whether people should seek to make their publications least publishable units, and it has long been resisted by some journal editors. Particularly for people just getting started in academic publication, writing
110-539: Was an homage to the "publon", the " minimum unit of publishable material ". The company was registered in New Zealand and had an office in London, UK. It was acquired by Clarivate Analytics in 2017. Publons also provides: Reviewers can choose whether or not to make the content of their reviews open access following publication of the reviewed publication, though journals can choose to override this. Review content
121-400: Was cited by email service providers for being a violation of acceptable use policies. Least publishable unit In academic publishing , the least publishable unit ( LPU ), also smallest publishable unit ( SPU ), minimum publishable unit (MPU) , loot , or publon , is the minimum amount of information that can be used to generate a publication in a peer-reviewed venue, such as
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