Misplaced Pages

#739260

31-527: Royal Scot may refer to: Garde Écossaise , a regiment of the French army Royal Scots , a regiment of the British Army Royal Scots (Jacobite) , a regiment of Scottish exiles in French service, in existence from 1744 to 1762 Royal Scot (train) , a British named express passenger train which first ran in 1862 LMS Royal Scot Class ,

62-407: A class of express passenger locomotive introduced in 1927 LMS Royal Scot Class 6100 Royal Scot , a preserved British steam locomotive of the above class a Solenostemon scutellarioides cultivar Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Royal Scot . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

93-458: A company of 24 noble Scots under the command of Patrick de Spens, son of his custodian. This company took the name of archiers du corps or gardes de la manche . On 31 August 1490, this company, these of Patry Folcart, Thomas Haliday, and a part of the company of Robin Petitloch, became the first company of archiers de la garde du roi under the command of Guillaume Stuier (Stuart). At

124-575: A detachment of them accompanied the French King wherever he went, posted guards on his sleeping place and even escorted his food from kitchen to table. During the reign of Francis I the garde were held up by blizzards near the Simplon Pass after a defeat at the Battle of Pavia in 1525. Some of the men reputedly settled there and their descendants became known as the "Lost Clan ". From

155-675: A heavily embroidered white and gold cassock which they wore over the blue and red and silver uniform of the Body Guard. All four companies of the Body Guard were formally disbanded in 1791, although the aristocratic personnel of the regiment had dispersed following the closure of Versailles as a royal palace in October 1789. They were re-established at the time of the First Bourbon Restoration under an ordinance dated 25 May 1814. Until their final dissolution in 1830,

186-541: A short story called "The Death of the Dauphin", about a young Dauphin who wants to stop Death from approaching him. The Dauphin is also mentioned in Cormac McCarthy 's Blood Meridian . "The Dauphin" is a 1988 episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation . As the titular character is female, the episode title gets the gender incorrect (the French female equivalent is "Dauphine"). Robert Pattinson portrays

217-690: Is "really" an impoverished English duke , and the other, not to be outdone, reveals that he is "really" the Dauphin (" Looey the Seventeen , son of Looey the Sixteen and Marry Antonet "). Louis, Duke of Guyenne , the Dauphin of Viennois, is a character in Shakespeare 's Henry V . In Baronness Emma Orczy's Eldorado , the Scarlet Pimpernel rescues the Dauphin from prison and helps spirit him from France. Alphonse Daudet wrote

248-739: The Dauphiné , to King Philippe VI on condition that the heir of France assume the title of le Dauphin . The wife of the Dauphin was known as la Dauphine . The first French prince called le Dauphin was Charles the Wise, later ascending to the throne as Charles V of France . The title was roughly equivalent to the Spanish Prince of Asturias , the Portuguese Prince of Brazil , the English (thence British) Prince of Wales , and

279-630: The Garde Écossaise name, although referring to the Regiment de Douglas . By the reign of Louis XV , the Scottish Company numbered 21 officers and 330 men in a mounted unit which last saw active service when they escorted Louis at the Battle of Lauffeld on 1 July 1747. On this and other occasions the Scottish Company carried claymores with steel basket guards instead of the swords of the other French heavy cavalry. They were distinguished from

310-877: The 16th century onwards, recruitment of the unit was primarily from Frenchmen and the Scottish element gradually died out. The name was retained as were certain words of command which had originated in Scots . In 1632, the Earl of Enzie began to rebuild a Scottish regiment in France. There is sometimes confusion as to which unit actually held the title of Garde Écossaise , with several regiments in service often being conflated, especially those commanded by Sir John Hepburn , James Campbell, 1st Earl of Irvine (later commanded by Sir Robert Moray ) and Colonel James Douglas . As an example some works recording Scots in action have simply applied

341-518: The Dauphin assigned the Scottish contingent throughout his armies and garrisons and picked a number, roughly one hundred of the best warriors, to be his personal body guard. The Scotsmen fought with distinction throughout France with a notable win at the Battle of Baugé in 1421, where the Duke of Clarence was said to have been felled by Buchan's Mace. The Scots faced a calamity at the Battle of Verneuil in 1424, when they lost 6000 men. Although saddened by

SECTION 10

#1732801618740

372-483: The Dauphiné than to France. For example, he married Charlotte of Savoy against his father's wishes. Savoy was a traditional ally of the Dauphiné, and Louis wished to reaffirm that alliance to stamp out rebels and robbers in the province. Louis was driven out of the Dauphiné by Charles VII's soldiers in 1456, leaving the region to fall back into disorder. After his succession as Louis XI of France in 1461, Louis united

403-462: The Dauphiné with France, bringing it under royal control. The title was automatically conferred upon the next heir apparent to the throne in the direct line upon birth, accession of the parent to the throne or death of the previous Dauphin, unlike the British title Prince of Wales , which has always been in the gift of the monarch (traditionally conferred upon the heir's 21st birthday). The sons of

434-471: The King of France held the style and rank of fils de France (son of France), while male-line grandsons were given the style and rank of petits-enfants de France (Grandson of France). The sons and grandsons of the Dauphin ranked higher than their cousins, being treated as the king's children and grandchildren respectively. The sons of the Dauphin, though grandsons of the king, were ranked as Sons of France, and

465-527: The Scots and the Castilians . In 1418, Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany , appointed his son, John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Buchan , Chamberlain of Scotland , to command the Scottish expeditionary force, the largest army that medieval Scotland had ever sent abroad. 7000-8000 men arrived at La Rochelle in October 1419 and made their way to Tours to greet the Dauphin. The first thing the future Charles VII did

496-591: The Scottish Duke of Rothesay . The official style of a Dauphin of France, prior to 1461, was par la grâce de Dieu, dauphin de Viennois, comte de Valentinois et de Diois ("By the Grace of God, Dauphin of Viennois, Count of Valentinois and of Diois"). A Dauphin of France united the coat of arms of the Dauphiné, which featured dolphins, with the French fleurs-de-lis , and might, where appropriate, further unite that with other arms (e.g. Francis , son of Francis I ,

527-481: The Senior Company retained the title of les fiers Ecossais ('the proud Scots'). Dauphin of France Dauphin of France ( / ˈ d ɔː f ɪ n / , also UK : / d ɔː ˈ f ɪ n , ˈ d oʊ f æ̃ / US : / ˈ d oʊ f ɪ n , d oʊ ˈ f æ̃ / ; French : Dauphin de France [dofɛ̃ də fʁɑ̃s] ), originally Dauphin of Viennois ( Dauphin de Viennois ),

558-595: The agreements that would become known as the Auld Alliance , there is documentary evidence of French soldiery in Scotland or Scottish soldiery in France. From the outset of the Hundred Years War , there were Scottish companies officially fighting for Philip VI of France . At the Battle of Poitiers in 1356, the 1st Earl of Douglas and the future 3rd Earl of Douglas fought for John II of France ;

589-418: The beginning la compagnie écossaise des gardes du corps du roi included 100 gardes du corps (25 bodyguards and 75 archiers ). Each bodyguard had four men-at-arms under his command, (a squire, an archer, a cranequinier and a servant), one of them acquired the name of premier homme d'armes du royaume de France . They were finally disbanded in 1830 at the abdication of Charles X . After 1295, and

620-534: The future 3rd Earl was captured along with many Scottish knights, as was the French king himself. In the 1360s, Scotsmen were to be found in the army of Bertrand du Guesclin . In the early 15th century France was split into Armagnac - Burgundian civil strife following Charles VI 's descent into madness. Henry V of England saw his opportunity, allied himself with John the Fearless , and invaded France. The Dauphin despairingly sought allies, and found them amongst

651-605: The grandsons of the Dauphin ranked as Grandsons of France; other great-grandsons of the king ranked merely as princes of the blood . The title was abolished by the Constitution of 1791 , which made France a constitutional monarchy. Under the constitution the heir-apparent to the throne (Dauphin Louis-Charles at that time) was restyled Prince Royal (a Prince of the Blood retitled prince français ), taking effect from

SECTION 20

#1732801618740

682-541: The heirs of Louis-Philippe being titled Prince Royal . After the death of Henri, comte de Chambord , Carlos, Duke of Madrid , the heir of the legitimist claimant, Juan, Count of Montizón , made use of the title in pretense , as have the Spanish legitimist claimants since. In Mark Twain 's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn , Huck encounters two odd characters who turn out to be professional con men . One of them claims that he should be treated with deference, since he

713-606: The inception of the Legislative Assembly on 1 October 1791. The title was restored in potentia under the Bourbon Restoration of Louis XVIII , but there would not be another Dauphin until after his death. With the accession of his brother Charles X , Charles' son and heir Louis-Antoine, Duke of Angoulême automatically became Dauphin. With the removal of the Bourbons the title fell into disuse,

744-401: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal_Scot&oldid=886680563 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Garde %C3%89cossaise In 1450, King James II sent

775-537: The loss of so many of his loyal Scotsmen, Charles VII continued to honour the survivors. The Scots had a further setback at the Battle of the Herrings in 1429. The Scottish Army in France fragmented into free companies (a headache for the French state), and also into Compagnies d'ordonnance within the French Army. The King kept about him his Garde Écossaise . The Scottish Guards had likely protected him during

806-568: The murder of John the Fearless at the bridge of Montereau , and rescued him from a fire in Gascony in 1442. Scottish Guards fell at the Battle of Montlhéry defending their king, Louis XI of France , in 1465. The Garde Écossaise survived until the end of the Bourbon monarchy as the senior or Scottish Company of the Gardes du Corps (Body Guards). There were four companies of Body Guards and

837-530: The other companies of the Body Guards by wearing white bandoleers garnished with silver lace. The Scottish Company provided a special detachment of 24 Gardes de la Manche (literally 'Guards of the Sleeve') who stood in close attendance to the king during court ceremonies. The name indicated that they stood so close to the monarch as to be brushed by his sleeve. The Gardes de la Manche were distinguished by

868-504: The rule of the province to the French heirs, had stipulated must never be united with France. Because of this, the Dauphiné suffered from anarchy in the 14th and 15th centuries, since the Dauphins were frequently minors or concerned with other matters. During his period as Dauphin, Louis, son of Charles VII , defied his father by remaining in the province longer than the king permitted and by engaging in personal politics more beneficial to

899-444: Was to shower munificence upon the Scottish nobles. Buchan received Châtillon-sur-Indre , the Earl of Wigtoun received Dun-le-Roi , Sir John Stewart of Darnley received Concressault , and Aubigny , and Thomas Seton the castle of Langeais . The Scottish leaders were persuaded to return to Scotland to recruit more troops. The Scottish leadership returned in 1420 with another 4000-5000 reinforcements. While their leaders were at home

930-598: Was ruling Duke of Brittany , so united the arms of that province with the typical arms of a Dauphin; Francis II , while Dauphin, was also King of Scots by marriage to Mary I , and added the arms of the Kingdom of Scotland to those of the Dauphin). Originally the Dauphin was personally responsible for the rule of the Dauphiné , which was legally part of the Holy Roman Empire , and which the emperors, in giving

961-541: Was the title given to the heir apparent to the throne of France from 1350 to 1791, and from 1824 to 1830. The word dauphin is French for dolphin and was the hereditary title of the ruler of the Dauphiné of Viennois . While early heirs were granted these lands to rule, eventually only the title was granted. Guigues IV , Count of Vienne , had a dolphin on his coat of arms and was nicknamed le Dauphin . The title of Dauphin de Viennois descended in his family until 1349, when Humbert II sold his seigneury , called

Royal Scot - Misplaced Pages Continue

#739260