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21-529: In 1223, Godescalcus de Revetlo of Holstein was first mentioned in writing. He was vassal of Count Albrecht of Orlamünde and Holstein . In 1236 and 1258, Thitlevus de Revetlow was in Mecklenburg in the wake of the Prince Johann I . In both countries, members of the family were able to gain significant professional and economic positions over time. The old Holstein line, also found from the 14th to

42-441: A "formal colony" or "junior ally" might also be regarded as a vassal state in terms of international relations, analogous to a domestic "fief-holder" or "trustee". The concept of a vassal state uses the concept of personal vassalry to theorize formally hegemonic relationships between states – even those using non-personal forms of rule. Imperial states to which this terminology has been applied include, for instance: Ancient Rome ,

63-410: A subordinate state (such as a dependency , residency , client state or protectorate ) has retained internal autonomy, but has lost independence in foreign policy, while also, in many instances, paying formal tribute , or providing troops when requested. This is a similar relationship to vassals, but vassals hold fiefdoms which are present in the actual territory of the monarch. In this framework,

84-455: A tenant or fief . The term is also applied to similar arrangements in other feudal societies. In contrast, fealty ( fidelitas ) was sworn, unconditional loyalty to a monarch. In fully developed vassalage, the lord and the vassal would take part in a commendation ceremony composed of two parts, the homage and the fealty , including the use of Christian sacraments to show its sacred importance. According to Eginhard 's brief description,

105-500: Is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch , in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe . While the subordinate party is called a vassal, the dominant party is called a suzerain . The rights and obligations of a vassal are called vassalage , while the rights and obligations of a suzerain are called suzerainty . The obligations of a vassal often included military support by knights in exchange for certain privileges, usually including land held as

126-790: The Danish lord-dignity in 1767. The younger branch had acquired by 1673 the Danish Graf and on July 23, 1706, to Vienna the Count of the Holy Roman Empire . Conrad von Reventlow (1644–1708), Grand Chancellor and Prime Minister of Christian V of Denmark , received the higher feudal rank and was awarded the Liege County of Reventlou - Sandbjerg in Schleswig. His son acquired the feudal county Christianssæde on Lolland and

147-1189: The Mongol Empire , Imperial China and the British Empire . Gut Emkendorf Look for Gut Emkendorf on one of Misplaced Pages's sister projects : [REDACTED] Wiktionary (dictionary) [REDACTED] Wikibooks (textbooks) [REDACTED] Wikiquote (quotations) [REDACTED] Wikisource (library) [REDACTED] Wikiversity (learning resources) [REDACTED] Commons (media) [REDACTED] Wikivoyage (travel guide) [REDACTED] Wikinews (news source) [REDACTED] Wikidata (linked database) [REDACTED] Wikispecies (species directory) Misplaced Pages does not have an article with this exact name. Please search for Gut Emkendorf in Misplaced Pages to check for alternative titles or spellings. You need to log in or create an account and be autoconfirmed to create new articles. Alternatively, you can use

168-468: The article wizard to submit a draft for review, or request a new article . Search for " Gut Emkendorf " in existing articles. Look for pages within Misplaced Pages that link to this title . Other reasons this message may be displayed: If a page was recently created here, it may not be visible yet because of a delay in updating the database; wait a few minutes or try the purge function . Titles on Misplaced Pages are case sensitive except for

189-551: The cognitive line in Sweden. The family crest of the family is divided in the Zinnenschnitt of silver over red. On the helmet with red-silver blankets stands a gold ring (feather play) set all around with silver feathers on a short red pole. Elements and colours from the coat of arms of the family Reventlow appear today in some Schleswig-Holstein municipal coat of arms. Vassal A vassal or liege subject

210-478: The commendatio made to Pippin the Younger in 757 by Tassilo III, Duke of Bavaria , involved the relics of Saints Denis, Rusticus, Éleuthère , Martin , and Germain – apparently assembled at Compiegne for the event. Such refinements were not included from the outset when it was time of crisis, war, hunger, etc. Feudal society was increasingly based on the concept of "lordship" (French seigneur ), which

231-680: The 16th century in Funen , ended in 1752. With the extinction of the Gallentiner branch in 1772, the Mecklenburg branch also ended. Relatives from this branch, however, had previously settled in the Duchy of Schleswig . From Ziesendorf (in Mecklenburg) came Detlef Reventlow , who was appointed chancellor of Christian IV of Denmark in 1632. He was progenitor of two new branches, both of which came to great influence. The older branch acquired

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252-450: The 17th century, from 1625), Gut Altenhof (1691–1960, inherited from the family of Bethmann-Hollweg ) with Wittenberg and Gut Jersbek (1840–1960), Quarnbek and Schmoel (around 1700), Hohenfelde with Kollmar (around 1700–1739), Gut Rantzau (1728–1740), Gut Emkendorf (1764–1929), Gut Kaltenhof ( 1780–1910), Gut Falkenberg (1790–1848), Gut Testorf (18th century), and Gut Farve (19th century to 1926). In Schleswig-Holstein

273-471: The 18th century — " feudalism ". These developments proceeded at different rates in various regions. In Merovingian times (5th century to 752), monarchs would reward only the greatest and most trusted vassals with lands. Even at the most extreme devolution of any remnants of central power, in 10th-century France, the majority of vassals still had no fixed estates. The stratification of a fighting band of vassals into distinct groups might roughly correlate with

294-425: The cavalry he was bound to contribute to his lord to fight his frequent wars. Such resources, in the absence of a money economy, came only from land and its associated assets, which included peasants as well as wood and water. Many empires have set up vassal states , based on tribes, kingdoms, or city-states, the subjects of which they wish to control without having to conquer or directly govern them. In these cases

315-899: The family is still based in Gut Damp (since the end of the 16th century), Gut Wittenberg (since 1584), Gut Wulfshagen (at Tüttendorf , since 1903) and Gut Eckhof (since 1972). In Denmark, Gram Castle was taken over or built by the Reventlow around 1470 and remained in the family until 1664. In 1673, Prime Minister Conrad Reventlow acquired the Sandbjerg Castle (1673–1930 owned by the family) with Gut Ballegård and built Clausholm Castle (owned 1690–1743). His son Christian Detlev of Reventlow acquired Brahetrolleborg on Funen (1722–1960), Pederstrup on Lolland (1725–1935) and Christianssæde on Laaland (1728–1934). His son Conrad Detlev Reventlow (1704–1750) married Wilhelmine Auguste,

336-526: The feudal barony Brahetrolleborg on Funen. The younger daughter of Conrad von Reventlow, Anna Sophie von Reventlow (1693–1743), became in 1712 consort of King Frederick IV of Denmark and Duchess of Schleswig. In 1721 she was crowned Queen of Denmark. Other Reventlows were related by marriage to the Dukes of Holstein. The Reventlow family counts important personalities of the European aristocracy, including

357-619: The last German empress Auguste Victoria . Detlev von Reventlow (1712–1783), heir of the Altenhof and Glasau estates, bought Gut Emkendorf in 1764, from Detlef von Reventlow Gut Wittenberg in 1767, and the Altenhof neighboring Gut Aschau in 1782. The Counts of Reventlow-Criminil with a Danish diploma of 1815 belonged in the male line to the French Marquis Le Merchier de Criminil. Joseph and Heinrich were

378-564: The new term " fief " that had started to supersede "benefice" in the 9th century. An "upper" group comprised great territorial magnates, who were strong enough to ensure the inheritance of their benefice to the heirs of their family. A "lower" group consisted of landless knights attached to a count or duke . This social settling process also received impetus in fundamental changes in the conduct of warfare. As co-ordinated cavalry superseded disorganized infantry , armies became more expensive to maintain. A vassal needed economic resources to equip

399-768: The sister of the Duke Friedrich Karl of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön in 1731 . In 1739 he acquired the Krenkerup Castle at Radsted Sogn with Nørregård and Rosenlund (1739–1793). In 1900, the estate Agerupgård in Våbensted Sogn came to the Counts Reventlow, who are still there. Commoner descendants in the female line with the name Reventlow (no title of nobility) are the families Reventlow-Mourier on Brahetrolleborg and Reventlow Grinling on Krenkerup, as well as some descendants in

420-561: The sons of a niece of Julia von Reventlow who she and her husband Friedrich Karl Reventlow adopted. Joseph inherited the Emkendorf in 1828; his descendants sold it in 1929. In addition to the Schleswig-Holstein and Mecklenburgian possession, estates which were temporarily in the possession of the Reventlow included Good Bülk (around 1350), Gut Kaden (15th century), Gut Waterneverstorf (1592–1662), Gut Dobersdorf (in

441-476: Was one of the distinguishing features of the Early Middle Ages and had evolved from times of Late Antiquity . In the time of Charlemagne (ruled 768–814), the connection slowly developed between vassalage and the grant of land, the main form of wealth at that time. Contemporaneous social developments included agricultural " manorialism " and the social and legal structures labelled — but only since

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