Regensberg is a municipality in the Dielsdorf District in the Swiss canton of Zurich . It is located just to the west of Dielsdorf municipality, on a ridge of the Lägern (617 m (2,024 ft)).
60-399: Regensberg was founded as a hilltop fortified settlement about 1245 by Baron Lüthold of Regensberg. The fortifications include a 21 m (69 ft)-high round tower dating from the 16th or 17th century and a 57 m (187 ft)-deep water well. Regensberg Reformed Church , originally dating from the 13th century, was rebuilt around 1540. During the mid-13th century, relations between
120-406: A decree deposing the emperor and died suddenly the next year. Regensberg has an area of 2.4 km (0.93 sq mi). Of this area, 34.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 56.7% is forested. The rest of the land, 8.8%, is settled. Regensberg has a population (as of 31 December 2020) of 459. As of 2007, 16.3% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last ten years
180-673: A high rate of international students. In 2013, 16.9% of the total tertiary enrollment in Switzerland came from outside the country, a rate that is the 10th highest of the 291 countries included in the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. This rate was just higher than Austria (16.8) and just lower than the United Kingdom (17.5). However, due to the much smaller tertiary system in Switzerland their 47,000 foreign tertiary enrollments are dwarfed by much larger countries such as
240-457: A minority of cantons), the names of which vary. In the structure with 2 school types, a distinction is made between the performance-based group at basic level (with the least demanding requirements), and the performance-based group at advanced level. In the structure with 3 school types, there is a performance-based group at basic level, a performance-based group at intermediate level and a performance-based group at advanced level. The requirements of
300-627: A period of 2–3 years ( Sekundarschule ) in either Pre-higher secondary school section, General section, or Basic section (Basic may be called Realschule in German or Classe d'exigence de base in French). Students who aspire for an academic career enter Mittelschule (also named Gymnasium , or Kantonsschule , a public school by the canton/state) to be prepared for further studies and the Matura (normally obtained after 12 or 13 years of school usually at
360-425: A rectangular plaza as main square which is surrounded two rows of houses, and into the limestone a 57 m (187 ft) deep water well was carved. The Lower Castle ( Unterburg ) or lower town ( Unterstadt ) was probably built in the 14th century nestled at the castle's hill outside of the town wall. Therefore, it was not involved in the modernization of the upper castle in 1689. The round tower (German: Rundturm )
420-475: A vocational high school will often add a Fachhochschule or a Höhere Fachschule to their curriculum. There are 14 public and generic universities in Switzerland, 10 of which are maintained at cantonal level and usually offer a range of non-technical subjects. Of the remaining 4 institutions, 2 are run by the Swiss Confederation and are known as "Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology". Switzerland
480-608: A wall and a gate leading into the Oberstadt area. In 1883 a children's home has been set up in the former palas, and in 1890 the main building was widened and transformed into a school building which is now used by the Stiftung Schloss Regensberg foundation. In the west new buildings were erected, and the Unteres Haus building was converted into an accommodation building and a sheltered workshop. Prior
540-655: A witness named Lütold of Affoltern who is suspected as the builder of the Alt-Regensberg Castle on the border between Regensdorf and Zürich-Affoltern around 1050 AD, and Lütold I von Regensberg was mentioned as the first holder of the family's name around 1088. The heartland of the Regensberg possessions was in the Furt , Surb and Wehn valleys besides the Lägern chain. Other assets and rights were in
600-718: Is a hill castle which was built about the mid-13th century AD by the House of Regensberg in the Swiss municipality of Regensberg in the Canton of Zürich . The remains of the castle – the so-called 21 m (69 ft) Rundturm ("round tower") and the former Palas – are located on the western ridge of the Lägern mountain chain 617 m (2,024 ft) overlooking the lower Glatt Valley respectively Dielsdorf District at about 400 m (1,300 ft). The small town of Regensberg
660-483: Is a third, middle path via the Fachmittelschule which leads to a direct access to a Fachhochschule after a successful graduation of a Fachmatura . In some cantons, students with a Fachmatura may also get access to universities after a successful additional year. In the science literacy assessment of PISA , 15-year-old students in Switzerland had the 16th highest average score of 57 countries. In
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#1732779620693720-744: Is an international assessment of the mathematics and science knowledge of fourth- and eighth-grade students around the world. It was developed by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) to allow participating nations to compare students' educational achievement across borders. In 1995, Switzerland was one of forty-one nations that participated in the study. They did not participate in later studies. Among 8th graders, Switzerland ranked 15th overall, 8th in math and 25th in science. A National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) study that used
780-399: Is followed by a four-year cycle primaire 2 or cycle 2 which completes their primary school. The minimum age for primary school is about six years in all cantons but Obwalden , where it is five years and three months. The cantons Thurgau and Nidwalden allow five-year-olds to start primary school in exceptional cases. Primary school continues until grade four, five or six, depending on
840-603: Is obligatory for all children to attend school for at least 9 years. The first university in Switzerland was founded in 1460 in Basel , with a faculty of medicine. This place has a long tradition of chemical and medical research in Switzerland. In total, there are 12 Universities in Switzerland ; ten of them are managed by the cantons , while two federal institutes of technology , ETH in Zürich and EPFL in Lausanne , are under
900-462: Is required in most cantons. In the Canton of Ticino, an optional, third year is available for three-year-old children. In some German speaking cantons kindergarten and the first one or two years may be combined into a Grundstufe or Basisstufe where they are all taught together in a single class. In French speaking cantons kindergarten is combined into a four-year cycle primaire 1 or cycle 1 which
960-536: Is the only remnant of the mid-13th-century castle and is largely in its original state of construction. Atypical for the north-eastern Switzerland, it was built as a five-storey keep made of local limestone, with a wall thickness of 3 m (9.8 ft) and a diameter of 9 m (30 ft) at its basement. The unique architectural design as round tower is presumably a reminiscence by Lütold V to his wife noblewomen Berta de Neuchâtel ; in her native western Switzerland round towers then were disseminated. Originally,
1020-559: Is used by publications including The Economist . Switzerland was the birthplace of the International Baccalaureate in 1968 and 50 schools in Switzerland offer one or more of the IB programmes (Primary, Middle Years, Diploma and Career-related Programmes). Tertiary education depends on the education chosen in secondary education. For students with a matura , university is the most common one. Apprentices who attended
1080-568: Is well known for its advanced business education system. A number of world-class universities and MBA programmes, such as the International Institute for Management Development , HEC Lausanne , University of St. Gallen , Kalaidos FH and University of Zurich belong to that category. All of them are also registered in the Financial Times ranking. See also the list of universities in Switzerland . Switzerland has
1140-765: The Limmat and Reppisch valleys, in Zürcher Oberland , in the Pfannenstiel area, also sporadically in the present Thurgau and north of the Rhein river and on Bodensee lake shore. The house's significant position founded on marriage relations with the noble houses of Kyburg , Rapperswil-Habsburg-Laufenburg , Neuchâtel and Pfirt. Two monastic foundations date back to the House of Regensberg: Around 1130 Lütold II and his wife Judenta and his son Lütold III founded
1200-537: The Archbishopric of Salzburg . Eberhard founded the independent bishoprics of Chiemsee (1215), Seckau (1218) and Lavant (1228) under Salzburg, as well as the collegiate churches of Völkermarkt and Friesach, where he also founded a Premonstratensian monastery in 1217. Eberhard added the counties of Pongau and Lungau to the Archbishopric. He was excommunicated in 1245 after refusing to publish
1260-557: The Fahr Abbey , and with the foundation of Rüti Abbey in 1206 the family probably secured lands of the first extinction of the Alt-Rapperswil family around 1192. Shortly after the founding of the town of Grüningen , Lütold VI established a private service nobility from the 1240s, and to the middle of the century, he founded the town of Neu-Regensberg and the new ancestral seat and the small town of Glanzenberg . After
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#17327796206931320-676: The Reformation in Zürich , St. Martin's Abbey on Zürichberg at Fluntern was demolished. Stone blocks and two bells from the abbey were brought by ox cart to the church at Regensberg to rebuild it. Following the collapse of the Swiss Ancien Régime in 1798, Regensburg became part of the district of Bülach . In 1803, with the Act of Mediation , Regensberg became the capital of its own sub-district. In 1831, this expanded to become
1380-405: The primary economic sector and about six businesses involved in this sector. Fourteen people are employed in the secondary sector and there are three businesses in this sector. 121 people are employed in the tertiary sector , with sixteen businesses in this sector. Regensberg Castle Regensberg Castle ( Swiss German : Schloss Regensberg sometimes referred to Neu-Regensberg )
1440-484: The 20 top labs in the field of AI are located in Switzerland. While compulsory schooling in Switzerland is between 9 and 11 years long, many of the specifics of the system vary by canton. In most cases, kindergarten lasts 1 to 2 years, primary level lasts 6 years, and the lower secondary level 3 years. In Ticino, there is a third, non-mandatory, kindergarten year, primary lasts 5 years, followed by 4 years of lower secondary. In some German speaking cantons kindergarten and
1500-537: The Barons of Regensberg and the city of Zurich became strained. At about this same time, the barons began to argue with the Habsburgs over who would inherit the lands of the now-extinct Kyburg family. In 1267, the disputes led to war between the barons and the combined Zurich and Habsburg forces. The barons lost this war, and rapidly declined in power over the following half-century. In 1302, they sold Regensberg to
1560-643: The Habsburgs. The Habsburgs established an Amt Regensberg , with a Habsburg-appointed Schultheiß leading the town council. Under the Habsburgs, the town expanded into a market town , and Regensberg Castle was the political centre of the area now corresponding to the Dielsdorf district . In 1409, the Habsburg duke Frederick IV (known as Frederick of the Empty Pockets ) had to pawn Regensberg to
1620-1333: The Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded nine times to organizations residing in Switzerland. Geneva hosts the world's largest particle physics laboratory, the CERN . Other important research centers are the Empa and Paul Scherrer Institute which belong to the ETH domain. The obligatory school system usually includes primary education ( Primarschule in German , école primaire in French , scuola primaria / elementare in Italian and scola primara in Romansh ) and secondary education I ( Sekundarschule or Sekundarstufe I in German, secondaire I in French and scuola secondaria / media in Italian and scola secundar in Romansh). Before that, children generally go to Kindergarten , with one or two years
1680-465: The TIMSS assessment among 12th graders found similar results. The Swiss students were in their upper secondary education and were attending either a gymnasium , general education, teacher training or advanced vocation training. In math, the Swiss scored a 540 (the average score was 500), and were 3rd out of 21. Their science score was 523, which was 8th out of 21. In physics, they scored 488 (the average
1740-505: The United States (740,000), the United Kingdom (416,000), France (228,000) and Germany (196,000). Many international students attend Swiss universities for advanced degrees. In 2013 masters programs enrolled about 27% foreign students (fourth highest rate) and doctoral programs were 52% foreign (second behind Luxembourg). Switzerland also has a high rate of PhD students and inhabitants with doctoral degrees. In 2014 Switzerland had
1800-464: The age of 18 or 19). Students intending to pursue a trade or vocation complete three to four additional years before entering Vocational Educations which are regulated by federal law and are based on a cooperation of private business offering educational job-positions and public schools offering obligatory school-lessons complementary to the on-the-job education. This so-called "dual system" splitting academic and vocational training has its continuation in
1860-402: The authority for the school system mainly to the cantons . The Swiss constitution sets the foundations, namely that primary school is obligatory for every child and is free in state schools and that the confederation can run or support universities. The minimum age for primary school is about six years in all cantons but Obwalden , where it is five years and three months. After primary schools,
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1920-481: The authority of the State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation . In addition, there are seven regional associations of Universities for Applied Sciences ( Fachhochschulen ) which require vocational education and a special Berufsmatura , or a Fachmatura (a graduation by a Fachmittelschule ) to study. Switzerland has a high rate of foreign students in tertiary education including one of
1980-412: The castle's gate and the stable barn were broken. Either Lütold V von Regensberg or his son Ulrich (+ 1280) has established the fortified town of (Neu)-Regensberg, but when Lütold V died about 1250, his two sons Lütold VI and Ulrich divided the inheritance. Ulrich secured among others the fortified town of Regensberg. During the mid-13th century, the relations between the House of Regensberg and
2040-401: The city of Zurich; however, it wasn't until 1417 that Regensberg was fully owned by the city. They established an Obervogtei at Regensberg which ruled over thirteen surrounding villages. In 1540, the upper castle burned down, but the lower gates and the donjon survived because they were separated from the upper castle by a deep ditch. The upper castle was rebuilt the following year. During
2100-483: The city of Zürich became strained, and Ulrich came in conflict with the House of Habsburg inheriting the lands of extinct House of Kyburg, and Ulrich lost the Regensberger Fehde war of 1267/68. Ulrich died around 1280, and his son Lütold VIII had also to sell Regensberg to Habsburg-Austria in 1302. The Habsburgs mortgaged the castle and town several times, and in 1407 the so-called Herrschaft Regensberg
2160-637: The construction of Neu-Regensberg an inheritance occurred in 1255: Lütold VI retained the ancestral castle and the extensive free float, his brother Ulrich received Neu-Regensberg and the possessions in the Limmattal . In 1267/68 the disputes about the Kyburg lands led to a war respectively feud (so-called Regensberger Fehde ) between the Regensberg family and an alliance of the city of Zürich and Rudolf von Habsburg who later became king. The House of Regensberg lost this war, and rapidly declined in power over
2220-528: The core classes are mixed). The integrated model does not use different school types or core classes. Pupils with different performance levels attend the same class and mixing is maintained. In certain subjects, teaching occurs on differentiated requirement-based levels. As of March 2016, the International Schools Consultancy (ISC) listed Switzerland as having 103 international schools. ISC defines an 'international school' in
2280-515: The district of Regensberg. In 1871, the capital of the district moved to Dielsdorf, and Regensberg became an independent municipality in that district. Historic attractions include the half-timbered "Rote Rose" house dating from 1540. Eberhard II was born in Regensberg around 1170 and died in Friesach , Austria, on 30 November 1246. In 1196, he received the Bishopric of Brixen and, in 1200,
2340-445: The end of the short-lived Helvetic Republic, Regensberg became the district capital, and the castle was the seat of the cantonal authorities, and in the main building there was the county jail until 1863. In 1883 the charity Förder-Stiftung für Kinder und Jugendliche der Stiftung Schloss Regensberg was founded to establish the present special needs school for children. The so-called Hunfried document of 1044 AD mentions among others
2400-435: The final year of primary school, some cantons have an exam in second semester and continuous evaluation in both first and second semesters. In some cases, parents or legal guardians of the child are also asked for their recommendations (see Indicator C below) along with a self-evaluation done by the child. Parents' recommendation in combination with child's self-evaluation is called the third indicator (Indicator C) for evaluating
2460-454: The first one or two years may be combined into a Grundstufe or Basisstufe where they are all taught together in a single class. In the French speaking cantons (FR, GE, JU, NE, VD, VS) kindergarten is combined with primary to create 2 primary levels, each 4 years long. In 17 cantons, it is compulsory to attend pre-school. In almost all cantons, the municipalities are obliged to provide at least one year of pre-school classes. This table shows
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2520-607: The following decades. The family became extinct in the male line in 1331. The castle, the tower and the fountain are listed in the Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance as a Class B object of regional importance . Education in Switzerland#Secondary The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates
2580-494: The following terms "ISC includes an international school if the school delivers a curriculum to any combination of pre-school, primary or secondary students, wholly or partly in English outside an English-speaking country, or if a school in a country where English is one of the official languages, offers an English-medium curriculum other than the country’s national curriculum and is international in its orientation." This definition
2640-605: The higher education system. While the academic training leads to the matura and free admission to universities, successfully completed vocational education gives access to third level of practical education, the Höhere Fachschule (Schweiz) . If in addition to the vocational training the Berufsmaturitätsschule is completed the Fachhochschule may be visited instead. Rather recently introduced
2700-409: The highest in the world of doctoral level students. Many Nobel prizes have been awarded to Swiss scientists. More recently Vladimir Prelog , Heinrich Rohrer , Richard Ernst , Edmond Fischer , Rolf Zinkernagel , Didier Queloz , Michel Mayor , Kurt Wüthrich , and Jacques Dubochet have received nobel prizes in the sciences. In total, 113 Nobel Prize winners stand in relation to Switzerland and
2760-632: The highest rate of inhabitants (2.98%) with doctoral degrees in the world. In 2010, with 2.5%, Switzerland had the second-highest rate of inhabitants with doctoral degrees in Europe. In 2008, the number of students graduating with a PhD was 3209 (up from 2822 in 2000) of which 45% were foreigners (up from 31% in 2000). In 1995 Switzerland took part in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) assessment. TIMSS
2820-577: The lower second level, there are several different teaching and school models that may exist. Some cantons define a specific model, while others allow the individual municipalities to determine which model to follow. Pupils are allocated to institutionally separate school types, according to their performance levels. The structure is based on the principle of equal capacities among pupils. Generally, each school type has its own adapted curricula, teaching material, teachers and, in some cases, its own range of subjects. In general, there are 2 to 3 school types (4 in
2880-422: The performance-based group at advanced level are the most demanding and this school type generally prepares pupils for transfer to the matura schools. The cooperative model is based on core classes with different performance requirements. Each pupil is assigned to a core class according to his or her performance level. The pupils attend lessons in certain subjects in differentiated requirement-based groups (whereby
2940-498: The population (as of 2000): children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 23.8% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 65.9% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 10.3%. In Regensberg about 86.8% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). Regensberg has an unemployment rate of 1.48%. As of 2005, there were eighteen people employed in
3000-650: The population has decreased at a rate of -1.3%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (93.0%), with French being second-most-common ( 1.6%) and English being third ( 1.2%). In the 2007 election, the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party , which received 31.1% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (17.9%), the Green Party (14.5%) and the SPS (13.7%). The age distribution of
3060-458: The pupils split up according to their abilities and intentions of career paths. Roughly 25% of all students attend lower and upper secondary schools leading, normally after 12 school years in total to the federal recognized matura or an academic Baccalaureate which grants access to all universities. The other students split in two or more school-types, depending on the canton, differing in the balance between theoretical and practical education. It
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#17327796206933120-424: The school system for 2017/2018 and how the lower secondary schools are organized: During the 2008/09 school year there were 1,502,257 students in the entire Swiss educational system. In kindergarten or pre-school, there were 152,919 students (48.6% female). These students were taught by 13,592 teachers (96.0% female) in 4,949 schools, of which 301 were private schools. There were 777,394 students (48.6% female) in
3180-411: The school/canton. Any child can take part in school if they choose to, but pupils are separated depending on whether they speak French, German or Italian. At around age 11–12, depending on which canton in Switzerland the child goes to school in, there could be a screening exam to decide how to separate the students for secondary school. Some cantons have a system of examination in the second semester of
3240-534: The student, the first being teacher's evaluation (Indicator A), the second the results of tests (Indicator B) held in first semester. The fourth criterion is the final exam that takes place in the middle of the second semester of the final year primary school (usually held before Easter Break). At the end of primary school (or at the beginning of secondary school), pupils are separated (see Indicator C for Fribourg under Primary School) according to their capacities and career-intentions in several (often three) sections for
3300-400: The tower had an elevated entrance and an 11 m (36 ft) high spire roof which was destroyed by lightning in 1766. The tower then received its present completion battlements and a new bridge that connected it with the palace. In 1894 the current single-storey entrance was built and thereafter the tower became a popular tourist destination as a belvedere. A thorough renovation of the tower
3360-428: The town, but not the castle, was destroyed by fire, because it was separated from the Oberstadt by a ditch. The upper castle ( Oberstadt ) was rebuilt in the following year. From 1689 the castle and the upper town were fortified according to then modern standards. On 13 March 1798 the French revolutionary troops forced the council of the city republic of Zürich to abdicate, and the country bailiwicks were dissolved. After
3420-444: Was 501) and were tied for 9th place out of 16. The advanced mathematics score was 533 which was 3rd out of 16. The World Economic Forum 's Global Competitiveness Report for 2010-11 ranked Switzerland as first overall. Under the fifth pillar of the report, Higher education and training , the Swiss had a score of 5.79, which is the fourth highest among all the countries surveyed. According to one EPFL source, globally, 4 out of
3480-590: Was acquired by the city of Zürich. From 1417 the castle became the seat of the bailiff of the bailiwick of Regensberg ( Herrschaft Regensberg , later Äussere Vogtei ) of Zürich. On 6 June 1443 the council of Zürich forced their troops and the citizens to defend the fortified town lib und leben (analogously: faithful unto death ), three days later the castle was conquered during the Old Zürich War by Zürich's contrahents, but not destroyed, and some months later manned again by Zürich troops. On 9 September 1540
3540-473: Was done in 2009, and in its interior also was established a small exhibition on the history of the castle and town. Situated in the north of the round tower, the palas also largely survived the devastating fire of 1540. In 1583 and 1585 it was replaced by Vogt Vogel by a three-story building, which largely corresponds to the today's northern palace wing. The area was surrounded by the economic structures – wash house, stables, gardens, chapel – and separated with
3600-478: Was founded as a hilltop fortified settlement: The so-called Oberburg is the location of the castle and the inner town which is surrounded by a town wall. The Oberburg or Oberstadt fortifications include also the 57 m (187 ft) deep water well. The so-called Unterstadt was built outside of the town walls. Regensberg was designed as a fortified castle town and built by then modern contemporary criteria. The so-called Upper Castle ( Oberburg ) comprises
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