A responsory or respond is a type of chant in western Christian liturgies .
24-504: The most general definition of a responsory is any psalm, canticle , or other sacred musical work sung responsorially, that is, with a cantor or small group singing verses while the whole choir or congregation respond with a refrain. However, this article focuses on those chants of the western Christian tradition that have traditionally been designated by the term responsory. In the Roman Rite and rites strongly influenced by it, such as
48-612: A boy) Excita Domine potentiam tuam et veni ut salvos facias nos (Stir up your power O Lord and come that you may save us) Partial respond (sung by the choir) Qui regnaturus es in populo Israel. (O you who are to reign over the people of Israel.) Half-doxology (sung by all three boys) Gloria Patri et Filio et Spiritui Sancto (Glory be to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Ghost) Partial respond (sung by
72-428: A definitive book of Christmas carols, and felt that a single book would be more convenient than using separate pieces of sheet music and hymn books. Under his direction, the first book of Carols for Choirs was commissioned. The book was originally to be called Carols for Concerts . To edit the collection, Morris enlisted David Willcocks, Director of Music at King's College, Cambridge, and Reginald Jacques, conductor of
96-474: A night-vision, and behold, the Son of Man was coming on the clouds of heaven: and sovereignty and honor were given him: and every people and tribe, and all languages shall serve him.) Verse: (sung by the cantor) Potestas eius, potestas aeterna, quae non auferetur: et regnum eius, quod non corrumpetur. (His might is an everlasting might which will not be taken away; and his reign is an everlasting reign, which shall not be broken.) Partial respond: (sung by
120-485: A second volume, but after the death of Jacques in 1969, a new editor had to be found to support Willcocks, and an undergraduate at Cambridge University , John Rutter , was recruited. Carols for Choirs 2 was published in 1970. The Carols For Choirs series have become standard choral texts throughout the English-speaking world and were highly influential; according to the composer John Rutter, they "changed
144-660: A setting by Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina of the Nunc dimittis (free score of the Nunc dimittis here on CPDL ) - and not of the Magnificat as stated by the editors. The structure of the Willcocks/Rutter arrangement, however, differs somewhat from what is shown above since it does not repeat the refrain after each verse in the traditional English way. For example, in the traditional English form (shown above) after
168-748: A third repetition of all or part of the respond. As an example, here is the responsory Aspiciebam, which in the Sarum Rite (the medieval rite of Salisbury Cathedral in England ) followed the second reading, which was from the first chapter of the Book of Isaiah , at the night office ( Matins ) on the first Sunday of Advent : Respond: (started by the cantor and continued by the whole choir) Aspiciebam in visu noctis, et ecce in nubibus caeli Filius hominis veniebat: et datum est ei regnum, et honor: * Et omnis populus, tribus, et linguae servient ei. (I saw in
192-539: The Bach Choir. The book was published in 1961, containing new arrangements of traditional carols, but it also popularised pieces by modern composers such as William Walton , Benjamin Britten , Richard Rodney Bennett , William Mathias and John Rutter . Carols for Choirs was an instant success and became OUP Music Department's best-selling title, with over a million copies being sold. OUP were keen to commission
216-652: The Middle Ages. Marc-Antoine Charpentier composed 19 Repons (H 111 - 119, H 126 - 134 and H 144). Max Reger composed twenty Responsories for choir a cappella in 1911. The example of the Willcocks/Rutter setting of Aspiciens a longe shows that multi-voice settings of responsories have continued to be made in modern times also. Responsories for Holy Week set to music, for instance by Carlo Gesualdo ( Op. 15 ) and by Jan Dismas Zelenka ( ZWV 55): Maundy Thursday : Good Friday : Holy Saturday : Canticle Too Many Requests If you report this error to
240-483: The Order of Service for a Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols. The "red" book (Volume 4) features fifty carols arranged for sopranos and altos. Oxford University Press extended the series with volumes appropriate for other church seasons, such as Lent/Easter. In July 2011, Oxford University Press published the fifth incarnation of the original series, Carols for Choirs 5 , edited by composer Bob Chilcott , to celebrate
264-522: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.226 via cp1108 cp1108, Varnish XID 252143298 Upstream caches: cp1108 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 10:45:01 GMT Carols for Choirs Carols for Choirs is a collection of choral scores , predominantly of Christmas carols and hymns , first published in 1961 by Oxford University Press . It
SECTION 10
#1732790701353288-465: The books by the colours of their covers, with the "green" and "orange" books (volumes 1 and 2) being the most widely used. The "blue" book (volume 3) contains a number of longer anthems. A compendium volume called 100 100 Carols for Choirs (the "white" book) consisting of 74 of the most popular items from Carols for Choirs 1, 2 and 3, plus 26 pieces new to the series was published in 1987. It contains both accompanied and unaccompanied items, as well as
312-411: The cantor then taken up by the entire choir. The verse is then sung by a cantor or a small group; or the verse can be begun by the cantor and continued by the entire choir. The chant concludes with a repetition of all or part of the respond. Sometimes the second repetition of the respond is followed by a half- doxology , Gloria Patri et Filio et Spiritui Sancto , sung by the cantor, followed in turn by
336-469: The choir) Et omnis populus, tribus, et linguae servient ei. (And every people and tribe, and all languages shall serve him.) Most responsories have a single verse, but a few have multiple verses. One of the most famous of the latter is the responsory Aspiciens a longe, sung on the first Sunday of Advent after the first reading in the night office of the Latin secular (non-monastic) rite. The version that
360-401: The choir) In populo Israel. (In the people of Israel.) The three boys then sang Aspiciens a longe whereupon the choir took up the full respond: et ecce video Dei potentian venientem et nebulam totam terram tegentem. Ite obviam ei et dicite, Nuntia nobis si tu es ipse qui regnaturus es in populo Israel. (I look from afar, and behold I see the power of God coming, and a cloud covering
384-692: The editors (mainly Willcocks) which have become the de facto standard descants for these tunes in the Anglican communion in the UK. Most of the arrangements were originally written for use by the Choir of King's College, Cambridge or the Bach Choir in London. Carols For Choirs was originally launched by the organist and music editor at Oxford University Press Christopher Morris . Whilst working at St George's, Hanover Square , he realised that church choirs lacked
408-661: The first verse, the choir sings all the words of the refrain from ite obviam ei to the end. In the Willcocks/Rutter arrangement, on the other hand, after the first verse the choir sings (in English translation) only the portion of the refrain corresponding to the Latin words ite obviam ei et dicite. Traditionally responsories are sung in Gregorian chant . The refrains are free compositions. The verses are ordinarily sung to standard tones, though there are exceptions to this. Polyphonic settings of parts of responsories survive from
432-404: The one who is to reign over the people of Israel.) 1st verse (sung by a boy) Quique terrigenae et filii hominum simul in unum dives et pauper (Whoever are earth-born, the sons of men, together in one rich and poor) Partial respond (sung by the choir) Ite obviam ei et dicite, Nuntia nobis si tu es ipse qui regnaturus es in populo Israel. (Go out to meet him and say, tell us if you are
456-406: The one who is to reign over the people of Israel.) 2nd verse (sung by a boy) Qui regis Israel intende, qui deducis velut ovem Joseph (Hear, O shepherd of Israel, who leadest Joseph like a sheep) Partial respond (sung by the choir) Nuntia nobis si tu es ipse qui regnaturus es in populo Israel. (Tell us if you are the one who is to reign over the people of Israel.) 3rd verse (sung by
480-618: The pre-reformation English rite and the monastic rite of the Rule of St. Benedict , these chants ordinarily follow readings at services of the Divine Office (also called the Liturgy of the Hours ); however, they have also been used as processional chants. A responsory has two parts: a respond (or refrain), and a verse. Methods of performance vary, but typically the respond will be begun by
504-467: The whole earth. Go out to meet him and say, tell us if you are the one who is to reign over the people of Israel.) This responsory, Aspiciens a longe, has become familiar in the English-speaking world in an arrangement published in the second volume of Carols for Choirs edited by David Willcocks and John Rutter , where it is given the title "Matin Responsory", and is set to music adapted from
SECTION 20
#1732790701353528-412: The whole sound of Christmas for everybody who sings". On 29 December 2021, it was announced that a new volume, Carols for Choirs 6 , would be published in the summer of 2023. A poll was released to suggest the colour of the new book, the most popular colour being purple. The volume was released on 13 July 2023, featuring fifty carols (both originals and arrangements). Choir singers sometimes refer to
552-672: Was edited by Sir David Willcocks and Reginald Jacques , and is a widely used source of carols in the British Anglican tradition and among British choral societies. A second volume was published in 1970, edited by David Willcocks and John Rutter , and the collection is now available in six volumes. A compendium edition was published later. In addition to music for Christmas, the collection also offers works that are suitable for other Christian festivals such as Advent and Epiphany . The books contain commonly performed carols and their harmony arrangements, with descants from
576-418: Was sung in the medieval rite of Salisbury cathedral was worded as follows: Respond: Aspiciens a longe et ecce video Dei potentiam venientem et nebulam totam terram tegentem. Ite obviam ei et dicite, Nuntia nobis si tu es ipse qui regnaturus es in populo Israel. (I look from afar, and behold I see the power of God coming, and a cloud covering the whole earth. Go out to meet him and say, tell us if you are
#352647