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67-609: Riese may refer to: Project Riese , a German Nazi World War II economic project Riese Pio X , a municipality in Italy Adam Ries (1492–1559), German mathematician Riese: Kingdom Falling (originally named Riese ), an American science fiction-fantasy TV series filmed in Canada, which followed a web series Riešė , a village in Lithuania Didžioji Riešė ,

134-403: A bunker, and earthworks carried out on a massive scale. A narrow gauge railway network connected the tunnels with the railway station in the village of Głuszyca Górna (German: Oberwüstegiersdorf). In October–December 1944, AL Lärche was established for prisoners of concentration camps, mostly Jews from Poland and Greece. They lived in twelve barracks made of plywood in the vicinity of

201-410: A large space. Some parts of the complex are flooded but accessible by boat. From 2004 it is open to visitors. Above ground are foundations of machinery, numerous unfinished or destroyed buildings, a bunker, two reservoirs of water, and depots of building materials including thousands of fossilized bags of cement. The network of narrow gauge railways, connecting the tunnels with the railway siding in

268-496: A nearby heap, was dismantled after the war. In 1995 the underground was opened to the public and in 2001 transformed into a museum. In November 1943, Gemeinschaftslager I Wüstewaltersdorf was established in textile factory Websky, Hartmann & Wiesen AG 50°41′50″N 16°26′41″E  /  50.69722°N 16.44472°E  / 50.69722; 16.44472  ( Gemeinschaftslager I Wüstewaltersdorf ) . Its prisoners were forced labourers, mainly from

335-672: A pumping station, and remains of a sewage treatment plant. In 1975–1976 four bunkers Ringstand 58c, and a guardroom were demolished. The narrow gauge railway connecting the tunnels with the railway siding in the village of Lubiechów (German: Liebichau) was dismantled after the war. In May 1944, AL Fürstenstein was established in the vicinity of the castle 50°50′15″N 16°18′5″E  /  50.83750°N 16.30139°E  / 50.83750; 16.30139  ( AL Fürstenstein ) . Between 700 and 1,000 concentration camp prisoners lived in barracks. They were Jews, citizens of Hungary, Poland, and Greece. Evacuation of

402-477: A result of disease and malnutrition. Due to increasing Allied air raids, Nazi Germany relocated a large part of its strategic armaments production into safer regions including Province of Lower Silesia . Plans to protect critical infrastructure also involved transfer of the arms factories to underground bunkers and construction of air-raid shelters for government officials. In September 1943, Minister of Armaments and War Production Albert Speer and

469-479: A small underground level. There is a shaft with a diameter of 0.5 m – 0.6 m (16 m) in the vicinity of the complex but not connected to it. Tunnel number 6 is collapsed 37 m from the entrance and has not been explored yet. It was closed by two steel doors 7 m apart. The rest of the tunnels are in the initial stage of construction: 1. (10 m), 3. (15 m), 5. (3 m), 7. (24.5 m). The total length of

536-574: A vast tunnel system was driven into the mountains near the village of Wüstewaltersdorf (present-day Walim) at the behest of the Nazi German government. Presumably meant to serve as a Führer Headquarters replacing Wolf's Lair in East Prussia, the adits are linked to another tunnel complex beneath Książ Castle ( Schloss Fürstenstein ), about 30 km (19 mi) in the northwest, built according to plans by Hermann Giesler . Parts of

603-520: A village in Lithuania Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Riese . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Riese&oldid=906409173 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

670-606: Is 53 m under the courtyard. Four tunnels were bored into the base of the hill: 1. (88 m), 2. (42 m), 3. (85 m), 4. (70 m). The complex contains large tunnels (5 m high and 5.6 m wide) and four chambers. Seventy-five per cent is reinforced by concrete. There are two additional shafts leading to the surface, one with dimensions 3.5 m x 3.5 m (45 m) and one with diameter 0.5 m (40 m), presently used to supply electricity. Above ground are foundations of buildings and machinery, two reservoirs of water,

737-426: Is a single-storey, concrete building (680 m , 2,300 m ) with walls 0.5 m thick and roof adapted for camouflage by vegetation (0.6 m). A utility tunnel (1.25 m x 1.95 m, 30 m) was under construction to connect it with the shaft. Another structure of unknown purpose is a concrete monolith (30.9 m x 29.8 m) with tens of pipes, drains and culverts, buried into

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804-465: Is collapsed in many places because the complex was bored in soft sandstone. In 2011 excavation of tunnel number 3 (145 m) has begun, inaccessible since the end of war because of its collapsed entrance. It is 600 m away and 60 m below tunnels number 1 and 2 50°38′35″N 16°28′2″E  /  50.64306°N 16.46722°E  / 50.64306; 16.46722  ( Complex Sokolec 2 ) . Tunnel number 4 (100 m)

871-516: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Project Riese None of them were finished, and all are in different states of completion with only eleven per cent reinforced by concrete. The purpose of the project remains uncertain because of the lack of documentation. Some sources suggest that all the structures were part of the Führer Headquarters ; according to others, it

938-402: Is not connected to the complex. It is 500 m away and 45 m below the main underground. It contains two dams and hydraulic equipment of an unknown purpose. Above ground are foundations of buildings, machinery, a ramp for transportation of mine cars to different levels, a reservoir of water and depots, some with systems of heating up building materials in winter. The largest structure

1005-408: Is reinforced by concrete. It was accessible by four tunnels bored into the base of the mountain with chambers for guardrooms. There is a shaft leading to the surface with diameter 4 m (40 m). Some tunnels have higher, second levels connected by small shafts. This is a stage of building underground halls. Two tunnels were bored, one over the other and then the ceiling was collapsed to create

1072-725: The Bardzkie Mountains ( Góry Bardzkie ). In the north, the border is on Kotlina Distrabiekenstein and in the south on Obniżenie Noworudzkie and Włodzickie Hills. In the southwest, the broad Kłodzko Valley stretches to the Table Mountains ( Góry Stołowe ), the Stone Mountains ( Góry Kamienne ), and the border with the Czech Republic . Seen from the Silesian Lowlands in the northeast,

1139-501: The Warsaw Uprising ( List of camps ). A network of roads, bridges, and narrow gauge railways was created to connect excavation sites with the nearby railway stations. Prisoners were reloading building materials, cutting trees, digging reservoirs and drainage ditches. Small dams were built across streams to create water supplies and sewage systems. Later the rocks of the mountains were drilled and blasted with explosives and

1206-668: The British Army, another in the Polish Armed Forces in the West . The castle, under the leadership of architect Hermann Giesler , was first adapted to accommodate the management of the state-owned railways ( Deutsche Reichsbahn ) but in 1944 it became part of Project Riese. In 1941–1944, it was also a place where parts of the collection of the Prussian State Library had been hidden. The works in

1273-657: The Industriegemeinschaft Schlesien was deemed too inefficient and replaced by the Organisation Todt ;(OT). The Oberbauleitung Riese (OBL Riese) (Site management Riese) was established under supervision of Ministerial Director Franz Xaver Dorsch and Hans Meyer, Chief of OBL Riese and the whole area of Lower Silesia. Construction Office, located in Haus Mohaupt in the town of Wüstewaltersdorf (Polish: Walim ),

1340-516: The OT until May 1945. Presently it is open to the public. The town of Głuszyca (German: Wüstegiersdorf) and its vicinity was the location of many labour camps connected to Project Riese. From October 1943 to March 1945 manufacturing plants of Friedrich Krupp AG were relocated here from Essen . They took over two textile factories belonging to Meyer-Kauffmann Textilwerke AG and adapted them to armaments production. An air-raid shelter

1407-620: The Owl Mountains constitute the oldest part of the Sudetes and are among the oldest in Europe. Other deposits include migmatite rocks, to a lesser extent also amphibolite , serpentinite , granulite , and pegmatite . Except for the summit clearings and the mountain passes, the Owl Mountains represent the spruce-clad type of mountains. There may be also observed a rare natural occurrence of beeches and European yew . In World War II ,

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1474-522: The Owl Mountains form a comparatively steep edge of the Central Sudetes, though the range is very diversified in terms of height. The highest peaks are Wielka Sowa ("Great Owl", at 1,014 m (3,327 ft) in altitude) and Kalenica (964 m (3,163 ft)) with their observation towers . Other peaks reach heights from about 600 m (2,000 ft) to 980 m (3,220 ft) metres above sea level. The Precambrian gneiss rocks of

1541-516: The Soviet Union in textile factory of Kammgarnspinnerei Stöhr & Co. AG 50°41′5″N 16°22′21″E  /  50.68472°N 16.37250°E  / 50.68472; 16.37250  ( Gemeinschaftslager III Wüstegiersdorf ) and existed until the end of the war. In April 1944, AL Wüstegiersdorf was created in the same location for prisoners of concentration camps, between 700 and 1,000 Jews from Hungary and Poland. It

1608-641: The Soviet Union, Poland and POWs from Italy, captured by the German army after the Italian armistice and switching sides. The most numerous group consisted of POWs from the Soviet Union. They were detained in the part of the camp subordinate to Stalag VIII-A Görlitz. It was liberated in May ;1945. In April 1944, AL Wüstewaltersdorf was created in the same location for prisoners of concentration camps, mostly Jews from Greece. Some sources suggest

1675-444: The advantage of total protection from Allied air raids and the possibility of building 12 m high underground halls with a volume of 6,000 m . In December 1943, a typhus epidemic occurred amongst the prisoners. They were held in unhygienic conditions, exhausted and starving. As a result, construction slowed down significantly. In at least five collective camps an unknown number of forced labourers and POWs worked on

1742-449: The base of the mountain. The structure contains a nearly completed guardroom and large underground halls, up to 10 m in height. The total length of the tunnels is 500 m (2,500 m , 14,000 m ). Eleven per cent is reinforced by concrete. Above ground are foundations of machinery and a concrete bridge. The second bridge was damaged and replaced by a footbridge. A narrow-gauge railway, used for transportation of spoil to

1809-633: The camp can still be found in the vicinity of the tunnel number 3. Its evacuation took place in February ;1945. The complex is located near the village of Sokolec (German: Falkenberg), inside Gontowa Mountain (German: Schindelberg). It consists of two underground structures on different levels. Tunnels number 1 and 2, with chambers for guardrooms, lead to the underground up to 5 m in height 50°38′44″N 16°27′36″E  /  50.64556°N 16.46000°E  / 50.64556; 16.46000  ( Complex Sokolec 1 ) . It

1876-508: The camp might have been located on the slopes of Chłopska Mountain (German: Stenzelberg); according to others, its existence is doubtful. The complex is located inside Włodarz Mountain (German: Wolfsberg) 50°42′8″N 16°25′4″E  /  50.70222°N 16.41778°E  / 50.70222; 16.41778  ( Complex Włodarz ) . It is a grid of tunnels (3,100 m, 10,700 m , 42,000 m ) and large underground halls, up to 12 m in height. Less than one per cent

1943-503: The camp took place in February 1945. Owl Mountains The Owl Mountains ( Polish : Góry Sowie ; Czech : Soví hory ; German : Eulengebirge ) are a mountain range of the Central Sudetes in southwestern Poland . It includes a protected area called Owl Mountains Landscape Park . The Owl Mountains cover an area of about 200 km (77 sq mi) and stretch over 26 km (16 mi) between

2010-743: The camp took place in February 1945. Today the castle and the undergrounds are open to the public. The second level also contains seismological and geodesical measuring equipment belonging to the Polish Academy of Sciences . The complex is located on a borderline between the villages of Rzeczka (German: Dorfbach) and Walim (German: Wüstewaltersdorf), inside Ostra Mountain (German: Spitzenberg) 50°41′19″N 16°26′40″E  /  50.68861°N 16.44444°E  / 50.68861; 16.44444  ( Complex Rzeczka ) . Drilling work began in March 1944. Three tunnels were bored into

2077-488: The camps began in February 1945, however in a few places work might have been conducted as late as the end of April. Some prisoners were left behind, mostly the very ill, until the Red Army arrived in the area in May 1945. Project Riese was abandoned in the initial stage of construction and only 9 km (25,000 m , 100,000 m ) of tunnels were dug out. German code names of individual structures of

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2144-424: The castle were extensive and led to the destruction of many decorative elements. New staircase and elevator shafts were built to improve emergency evacuation routes. The most serious work however took place below the castle. There are two levels of tunnels. The first is 15 m underground and was accessible from the fourth floor of the castle by a lift and a staircase from the cellar and also by an entrance from

2211-549: The evacuation column in February 1945. The others were freed in May. In March 1944, Gemeinschaftslager V Tannhausen was established in the village of Jedlinka (German: Tannhausen) for forced labourers and POWs in textile factory of Websky, Hartmann & Wiesen AG 50°41′55″N 16°21′56″E  /  50.69861°N 16.36556°E  / 50.69861; 16.36556  ( Gemeinschaftslager V Tannhausen ) . In April–May 1944, AL Tannhausen

2278-503: The extended complex are accessible and can be visited as part of a guided tour. Located about 75 km (47 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław , the picturesque Owl Mountains are a popular destination for hikers and day-trippers. At the foot of the range are well-known tourist places, like: Rzeczka , Walim at the Wielka Sowa massif, Sokolec , Jugów , Sierpnica , and Zagórze Śląskie . The mountains are covered by

2345-474: The gardens. The tunnel (80 m, 180 m , 400 m ) is reinforced by concrete and leads to an elevator shaft hidden 15 m under the courtyard, a connection between the first and the second level of the underground. The shaft (35 m) has not been explored because it is filled with rubble. A provisional, short tunnel from the gardens was bored to assist in its excavation. The second level of underground (950 m, 3,200 m , 13,000 m )

2412-479: The historic Lower Silesian region and Kłodzko Land . Apart from the main ridge, the subdivisions of Garb Dzikowca and Wzgórza Wyrębińskie can be distinguished. The range is bounded by the valley of the Bystrzyca river in the northwest, forming a natural border with the adjacent Waldenburg Mountains ( Góry Wałbrzyskie ). In the southeast, the border is marked out by Srebrna Góra pass, separating them from

2479-440: The length of 83 m. In 2013 it was explored when a shaft was dug from above, revealing 86 m of tunnel with mining equipment from 1945. The total length of the complex is 700 m (1,900 m , 4,000 m ). Less than one per cent is reinforced by concrete. Above ground are foundations of machinery and a pumping station, a reservoir of water, depots of building materials, numerous unfinished or destroyed buildings,

2546-448: The level of the main underground, with guardrooms close to completion. Behind them there is a connection of two levels created by the collapse of the ceiling. The structure is a grid of tunnels (1,750 m, 6,700 m , 30,000 m ) and underground halls, up to 8 m in height. Only 6.9% is reinforced by concrete. There is a shaft leading to the surface with a diameter of 6 m (48 m). Tunnel number 3 (107 m)

2613-564: The nearby town of Bad Charlottenbrunn (Polish: Jedlina-Zdrój ). An air-raid shelter was created in the cellar with armoured, gasproof doors. The corporation was responsible for construction work and supervising all companies and local businesses taking part in the project on behalf of the Main Building Commission of the Ministry of Arms. ( List of companies ) Most companies used forced labour. In April 1944,

2680-469: The project are unknown because of the lack of documentation. Polish names were created after the war. Książ Castle (German: Fürstenstein) is located in the city of Wałbrzych (German: Waldenburg) 50°50′32″N 16°17′32″E  /  50.84222°N 16.29222°E  / 50.84222; 16.29222  ( Książ Castle ) . Its last owner in the inter-war period was the Hochberg family, one of

2747-475: The project, some until the end of the war. It is uncertain how many prisoners lost their lives. In April 1944, dissatisfied with the progress of the project, Adolf Hitler decided to hand over the supervision of construction to the Organisation Todt and assign prisoners of concentration camps to work. They were deployed in thirteen labour camps ( Arbeitslager, AL ), some in the vicinity of

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2814-518: The project. Most of them were transferred from the Auschwitz concentration camp . The documents allow identification of 8,995 prisoners. All of them were Jews, about seventy per cent from Hungary, the rest from Poland, Greece, Romania, Czechoslovakia, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany. Mortality was very high because of disease, malnutrition, exhaustion, dangerous underground work, and

2881-481: The resulting caverns were reinforced by concrete and steel. For this purpose mining specialists were employed, mostly Germans, Italians, Ukrainians and Czechs, but the most dangerous and exhausting work was done by prisoners. The progress of digging tunnels was slow because the Owl Mountains consist of hard gneiss . Most similar facilities were bored in soft sandstone but harder, more stable rocks gave

2948-539: The rock at least 4.5 m. A narrow gauge railway network connected the tunnels with the railway station in the village of Głuszyca Górna (German: Oberwüstegiersdorf). Since 1996, the complex is open to the public. In August 1944, AL Säuferwasser was established for prisoners of concentration camps 50°40′17″N 16°24′50″E  /  50.67139°N 16.41389°E  / 50.67139; 16.41389  ( AL Säuferwasser ) . They were Jews, citizens of Poland, Hungary, and Greece. The remains of

3015-476: The senior management of Organisation Todt started talks on Project Riese. As a result, the Industriegemeinschaft Schlesien (Silesian Industrial Company) was created to conduct construction work. In November, collective camps ( Gemeinschaftslager ) were established for forced labourers , mainly from the Soviet Union and Poland, POWs from Italy, the Soviet Union, and later Poland as an aftermath of

3082-667: The structure is 460 m (1,360 m , 4,200 m ). Less than one per cent is reinforced by concrete. Above ground are foundations of buildings, machinery, a pumping station, and a reservoir of water. A narrow gauge railway connected the tunnels with the railway siding in the village of Olszyniec (German: Erlenbusch) where AL Erlenbusch was established in May 1944 50°43′32″N 16°22′57″E  /  50.72556°N 16.38250°E  / 50.72556; 16.38250  ( AL Erlenbusch ) . Between 500 and 700 concentration camp prisoners lived in five barracks. They were Jews, citizens of Hungary and Poland. The camp

3149-486: The treatment of prisoners by German guards. Many exhausted prisoners were sent back to the Auschwitz concentration camp. The deportation of 857 prisoners is documented as well as 14 executions after failed escape attempts. An estimated total of 5,000 victims lost their lives. At the end of 1944, another typhus epidemic occurred amongst the prisoners. Because the front line of the war was approaching, evacuation of

3216-466: The tunnel number 3 50°41′12″N 16°24′17″E  /  50.68667°N 16.40472°E  / 50.68667; 16.40472  ( AL Lärche ) . Evacuation of the camp took place in February 1945. The palace is located in the village of Jedlinka (German: Tannhausen) 50°42′44.28″N 16°21′33.52″E  /  50.7123000°N 16.3593111°E  / 50.7123000; 16.3593111  ( Jedlinka Palace ) . In 1943, it

3283-567: The tunnels. This network of camps has been named Arbeitslager Riese ( List of camps ) and was part of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp . The administration of AL Riese and the camp commander, SS - Hauptsturmführer Albert Lütkemeyer, were located in AL ;Wüstegiersdorf. From December 1944 to January 1945 the prisoners were guarded by 853 SS troops. According to incomplete data, at least 13,000 prisoners worked for

3350-445: The vicinity of the camp. Evacuation of the prisoners started in February 1945. The complex is located inside Osówka Mountain (German: Säuferhöhen) 50°40′22″N 16°25′14″E  /  50.67278°N 16.42056°E  / 50.67278; 16.42056  ( Complex Osówka ) . It is accessible by tunnel number 1 (120 m) with chambers for guardrooms and tunnel number 2 (456 m), bored 10 m below

3417-757: The village of Olszyniec (German: Erlenbusch), was disassembled and scrapped after the war. In May 1944, AL Wolfsberg was established 50°42′14″N 16°25′26″E  /  50.70389°N 16.42389°E  / 50.70389; 16.42389  ( AL Wolfsberg ) , probably by taking over an existing camp from the Organization Schmelt . About 3,000 concentration camp prisoners lived in tents made of plywood, 3 m in diameter, 20 people in each one and several barracks. They were Jews, mainly from Hungary and Poland, but also from Greece, Czechoslovakia, Germany, and Romania. The ruins of concrete barracks for SS guards can still be found in

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3484-410: The war with 1,943 victims. The camps were liberated in May 1945. In November 1943, Gemeinschaftslager IV Oberwüstegiersdorf was established in the village of Głuszyca Górna (German: Oberwüstegiersdorf) 50°40′27″N 16°22′44″E  /  50.67417°N 16.37889°E  / 50.67417; 16.37889  ( Gemeinschaftslager IV Oberwüstegiersdorf ) . The camp

3551-508: The wealthiest and most influential European dynasties, Hans Heinrich XV , Prince of Pless and his English wife, Mary-Theresa Olivia Cornwallis-West ( Princess Daisy ). As a result of their extravagant lifestyle and the global economic crisis they fell into debt. In 1941, the castle and the lands were seized by the Nazi government, partly to pay taxes, partly as punishment for the perceived treason of their sons. At that time one of them served in

3618-428: Was a combination of headquarters (HQ) and arms industry but comparison to similar facilities indicates that only the castle was adapted as an HQ or other official residence, and the tunnels in the Owl Mountains were planned as a network of underground factories. The construction work was done by forced labourers , prisoners of war (POWs), and prisoners of concentration camps , and many lost their lives, mostly as

3685-533: Was also a main storehouse of food and clothes, administration center, and headquarters for the commander of AL Riese. Evacuation of the camp took place in February 1945. In November 1943, Gemeinschaftslager II Dörnhau was established in the village of Kolce (German: Dörnhau). The camp occupied a closed textile factory of brothers Giersch 50°40′7″N 16°23′36″E  /  50.66861°N 16.39333°E  / 50.66861; 16.39333  ( Gemeinschaftslager II Dörnhau ) and

3752-412: Was built inside a nearby hill 50°41′13″N 16°22′38″E  /  50.68694°N 16.37722°E  / 50.68694; 16.37722  ( Air raid shelter ) . It consists of two tunnels, sixty per cent reinforced by concrete and bricks (240 m, 600 m , 1,800 m ). In November 1943, Gemeinschaftslager III Wüstegiersdorf was established for forced labourers from

3819-447: Was built to secure a new road. A narrow gauge railway connected the tunnels with the railway siding in the village of Ludwikowice Kłodzkie (German: Ludwigsdorf). In April 1944, AL Falkenberg was established in the hamlet of Sowina (German: Eule) for prisoners of concentration camps 50°38′39″N 16°28′16″E  /  50.64417°N 16.47111°E  / 50.64417; 16.47111  ( AL Falkenberg ) . It

3886-598: Was closed in December ;1944 and the prisoners were transferred to AL Lärche. In April–June 1944, AL Märzbachtal was established in the valley of Potok Marcowy Duży (German: Grosser Märzbachtal) 50°41′16″N 16°23′16″E  /  50.68778°N 16.38778°E  / 50.68778; 16.38778  ( AL Märzbachtal ) for prisoners of concentration camps. Between 700 and 800 Jews, mainly from Hungary and Poland, lived in barracks of which remnants can still be seen today. Evacuation of

3953-492: Was created in the same location for prisoners of concentration camps. It was inhabited by 1,200 men of Jewish origin from Hungary, Poland, Greece, and other European countries. Next to the camp, Zentralrevier Tannhausen, central infirmary was set up in November ;1944 50°42′0″N 16°21′57″E  /  50.70000°N 16.36583°E  / 50.70000; 16.36583  ( Zentralrevier Tannhausen ) . It

4020-482: Was inhabited by 1,500 men of Jewish origin from Poland, Hungary, and Greece. Evacuation of the camp took place in February 1945. The complex is located in the village of Jugowice (Jawornik) (German: Hausdorf (Jauering)), inside Dział Jawornicki Mountain (German: Mittelberg) 50°42′35″N 16°25′12″E  /  50.70972°N 16.42000°E  / 50.70972; 16.42000  ( Complex Jugowice ) . Tunnels number 2 (109 m) and 4 lead to

4087-423: Was inhabited by forced labourers from Poland and the Soviet Union. In June 1944, AL Dörnhau was created in the same location for prisoners of concentration camps from Hungary, Poland, and Greece of Jewish origin. Several barracks were added. That autumn, the camp was also designated as a central infirmary for severely ill with no prospects of recovery. Twenty-five local mass graves have been excavated after

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4154-421: Was liberated in May 1945. The complex is located inside Soboń Mountain (German: Ramenberg) 50°41′7″N 16°23′58″E  /  50.68528°N 16.39944°E  / 50.68528; 16.39944  ( Complex Soboń ) and is accessible by tunnels number 1 (216 m) and 2 (170 m). Tunnel number 3 is not connected to the main underground. It is collapsed in its initial part on

4221-541: Was located in the building of closed textile factory and existed until the end of the war. Its prisoners were forced labourers and POWs. In April–May 1944, AL Schotterwerk was created in the same village near the railway station for prisoners of concentration camps 50°40′18″N 16°22′4″E  /  50.67167°N 16.36778°E  / 50.67167; 16.36778  ( AL Schotterwerk ) . Between 1,200 and 1,300 Jews from Hungary, Poland, and Greece lived in 8–11 wooden barracks. Part of prisoners joined

4288-455: Was opened in 1994, one of only two short tunnels which were found with mining equipment from 1945. It is located 250 m from tunnel number 3, on the same level but not connected. The total length of the complex is 1,090 m (3,025 m , 7,562 m ). It is not reinforced by concrete. Above ground are foundations of buildings, machinery and two ramps for transportation of mine cars to different levels. A retaining wall (47 m)

4355-599: Was purchased by the Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt ( National Socialist People's Welfare ) from the Böhm family as a result of their financial problems. At the beginning of 1944 the plans to transform it into a hospital were disrupted because the building was confiscated by military authorities and adapted as headquarters for the Industriegemeinschaft Schlesien (Silesian Industrial Company) which, until then, occupied Haus Hermannshöhe in

4422-584: Was reserved for patients with good chance of recovery. They were housed in four brick barracks. Those prisoners, who were able to walk, were evacuated in February 1945. In the camp only the sick were left, who were liberated in May. In August 1944, AL Kaltwasser was established in the village of Zimna Woda (German: Kaltwasser) 50°40′30″N 16°23′14″E  /  50.67500°N 16.38722°E  / 50.67500; 16.38722  ( AL Kaltwasser ) . Concentration camp prisoners of Jewish origin from Poland lived in five barracks. The camp

4489-409: Was supervised by senior construction managers Leo Müller and Fritz Leonhardt . In July 1944, 30,788 people worked for OBL Riese. In February 1945, because the front line of the war was approaching, OBL Riese evolved into headquarters of Front-OT X Brigade. The task of the new formation was the reconstruction of damaged communication systems. The palace was occupied by

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