An act is an instrument that records a fact or something that has been said, done, or agreed. Acts generally take the form of legal instruments of writing that have probative value and executory force. They are usually accepted as self-authenticating demonstrative evidence in court proceedings, though with the precarious status of notaries public and their acts under common law , this is not always so.
18-522: The minister of foreign affairs of the Russian Federation is a high-ranking Russian government official who heads the ministry of foreign affairs of the Russian Federation . The foreign minister is one of the five presidential ministers, along with the ministers of defence , interior , emergencies and justice . Although they are members of the Cabinet , they are directly subordinate to
36-458: A copy would not be admissible in court. One is archived as a file copy in the notary's protocol. The second category is known as an "act in private form" (Fr acte en brevet , Du brevetakte , akte in originali , It atto rilasciato in originale , Ger Urkunde im Original , Sp acta extraprotocolar ), best represented by the notarial certificate (or "docquet" in Scotland). This is generally
54-673: A notarial register, and the minutes are retained and kept in the notary's protocol (archive) while an engrossment (Fr/Du grosse , It spedizione in forma esecutiva , Ger Ausfertigung , Sp primer testimonio ), a fully extended form in long hand under seal and signature, is handed to the appearer. The minutes are used thereafter as a master copy from which exemplifications (Fr expédition , It spedizione , Sp testimonio ulterio , copia simple , Du authentiek afschrift , uitgifte , Ger beglaubigte Abschrift ), i.e. engrossed fair copies, may be made. In common-law countries, notaries prepare multiple duplicate originals fully executed and sealed, as
72-423: A writing that certifies the due execution in the notary's presence of a deed, contract or other writing or verifies some fact or thing of which the notary has certain knowledge. Notarial certificates are endorsed on or appended to a pre-existing document and attest to its due execution, genuine nature and validity, or legal status and effects. As a safety precaution, the certificate may also contain information such as
90-416: Is any written narration of facts (recitals) drawn up by a notary public or civil-law notary authenticated by his signature and official seal and detailing a procedure which has been transacted by or before him in his official capacity. A notarial act is the only lawful means of proving those facts of which it is the recognized record, whereas on other matters it is usually inadmissible, because, being beyond
108-615: Is the federal executive body of state power of the Russian Federation . The members of the government are the prime minister , the deputy prime ministers , and the federal ministers. It has its legal basis in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the federal constitutional law "On the Government of the Russian Federation". The Apparatus of the Government of Russia is a governmental body which administrates
126-407: Is the preserve of notaries-at-law . Public form acts may take the form of a record of some activity which is intended or required to have evidentiary status, legal or administrative force or effect, or commercial effect. Acts in this form remain the cornerstone of civil-law notarial practice according to which they are composed as single narrative instruments written in the first person perspective of
144-448: The 2000 Russian presidential election , gaining 53.44% of the vote. The most recent change took place on 14 May 2024, when President Vladimir Putin signed a presidential decree on forming Mikhail Mishustin's Second Cabinet . The Government is the subject of the 6th chapter of the Constitution of the Russian Federation . According to the constitution, the government of the Russian Federation must: The government issues its acts in
162-942: The President . The foreign minister, like other presidential ministers, is nominated and appointed by the President after consultation with the Federation Council (whereas non-presidential ministers are nominated by the Prime Minister and appointed by the President after approval by the State Duma ). The foreign minister is also a permanent member of the Russian Security Council . Russian government The government of Russia ( Russian : Правительство Российской Федерации , romanized : Pravitelstvo Rossiyskoy Federatsii )
180-629: The President of the RSFSR Boris Yeltsin signed presidential decree No.242 "On the reorganization of the government bodies of the RSFSR". Yeltsin officially declared the end of the Soviet Union and became the President of the Russian Federation. Yeltsin was a reformer and promised Western-styled democracy. The new Russian Constitution was adopted in 1993. It gained legitimacy through its bicameral legislature, an independent judiciary,
198-466: The activities of the government. According to the 1991 amendment to the 1978 constitution , the President of Russia was the head of the executive branch and headed the Council of Ministers of Russia . According to the current 1993 constitution, the president is not a part of the government of Russia, which exercises executive power. However, the president appoints the prime minister. The large body
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#1732772875804216-470: The cornerstone of statutory and regulatory law. They may include in a monarchical system any royal edict, proclamation, or decree setting forth or establishing law as it affects all citizens. In parliamentary or congressional systems, acts passed by a legislature are known as acts of Parliament or acts of Congress . In Hong Kong , acts of the legislature are instead known as "ordinances". A notarial act (or notarial instrument or notarial writing)
234-436: The notary. Public-form acts include all contracts and governing instruments (e.g. conveyance, will, trust, power of attorney, gift). Traditionally, in civil-law countries, the preliminary drafts, called "minutes" (formerly protocols ; Fr minute , Du minuut , It minuta , Ger Urschrift , Sp escritura matriz ), are jotted in legal shorthand and record only the particulars. Their date, appearer, venue, and subject are logged in
252-478: The number of pages, a description of the document, its title, and any other distinguishing features in order to prevent pages from being added or removed. If affixed, short form certificates may also be embossed with a seal half on the certificate and half on the rest of the page. Notarial certificates come in full forms or short forms. A full form includes preamble information like the date, venue, appearer's appearance, proof of identification, and so forth, as well as
270-477: The position of the president and the prime minister, and democratic features. These democratic features included competitive multi-party elections, separation of powers, federalism, and protection of civil liberties. In 1999, Yeltsin appointed Vladimir Putin the Prime Minister. Later that year, Yeltsin resigned from the presidency, and Putin took over as the acting president. In its first round, Putin won
288-470: The powers entrusted to the notary by law, it is non-official. In most common-law countries, multiple-page acts are bound together using a sewn or knotted ribbon (referred to as silk), the ends of which are secured by a wafer impressed with the notary's seal. This is called annexing or annexure. The first category is known as an "act in public form" (Fr act en minute , Du minuutakte , It atto conservato , Ger urschriftliche Urkunde , Sp acta protocolar ), and
306-547: The way of decisions (Постановления) and orders (Распоряжения). These must not contradict the constitution , federal constitutional laws, federal laws , and Presidential decrees , and are signed by the Prime Minister . The Government also assists the Prime Minister in faithfully carrying out the country's domestic and foreign policy as determined by the President. Act (document) Common types of acts are legislative, judicial, and notarial acts. Legislative acts (fully, acts of statute), or more commonly statutes , are
324-424: Was preceded by the government of the Soviet Union . The government's structure has undergone several significant changes since the Russian Federation emerged from 1991 to 1992. In the initial years, many government bodies, primarily the different ministries, underwent massive reorganization as the old Soviet governing networks were adapted to the new state. Many reshuffles and renamings occurred. On 28 November 1991,
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