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A television station is a set of equipment managed by a business, organisation or other entity such as an amateur television (ATV) operator, that transmits video content and audio content via radio waves directly from a transmitter on the earth's surface to any number of tuned receivers simultaneously.

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40-564: WDBD (channel 40) is a television station in Jackson, Mississippi , United States, affiliated with the Fox network. It is owned by American Spirit Media , which maintains a shared services agreement (SSA) with Gray Television , owner of NBC affiliate WLBT (channel 3), for the provision of certain services; it is also sister to Vicksburg -licensed MyNetworkTV outlet WLOO (channel 35). Although technically owned by Tougaloo College , WLOO

80-422: A barter in some cases. WXMS-LP WXMS-LP (channel 27) was a low-power television station in Jackson, Mississippi , United States, which was last affiliated with MeTV . It was owned by American Spirit Media as a sister station to Fox affiliate WDBD (channel 40), and operated by Raycom Media , then-owner of NBC affiliate WLBT (channel 3). WXMS launched on December 13, 1999, on cable as

120-409: A shared services agreement; American Spirit also acquired WBMS-CA from Vicksburg Broadcasting. WXMS, which had only ever operated through a series of special temporary authority grants in lieu of a permanent license, left the air on February 11, 2013. In advance of the most recent STA's expiration on January 3, 2014, American Spirit Media on January 2 returned the station's construction permit to

160-650: A decent signal that was able to cover most of southern Mississippi, but not the city of Jackson. As a result, Fox programming was not available in a large part of Mississippi for the network's first four months of operations, although WDBD did air an episode of The Late Show Starring Joan Rivers featuring the cheerleading team of Delta State University . In 1988, while Media Central was in Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings, Act III Broadcasting tried to acquire WDBD and sister station WZDX in Huntsville, Alabama , but

200-416: A local alternative to the national morning shows seen on the market's big three stations. To correspond with that addition, the weeknight prime time show at 9 was reformatted. It now included a fast-paced segment featuring the top stories of the day and a complete weather forecast in the first nine minutes before a commercial break. After American Spirit Media completed its acquisition of WDBD and entered into

240-616: A local newscast called Mississippi News Tonight which was simulcast on WXXV-TV in Gulfport and produced by Love Communications, who owned WLOX and WLOV in Mississippi. Likewise, it featured regionalized news and weather coverage despite being produced at this station's facility in Jackson. Due to low ratings and inconsistent viewership, the program was dropped from both outlets on April 24, 1992. In August 2008, WDBD established

280-415: A much shorter wavelength, and thus requires a shorter antenna, but also higher power. North American stations can go up to 5000 kW ERP for video and 500 kW audio, or 1000 kW digital. Low channels travel further than high ones at the same power, but UHF does not suffer from as much electromagnetic interference and background "noise" as VHF, making it much more desirable for TV. Despite this, in

320-447: A primary affiliate of The WB and secondary affiliate of UPN . Previously, cable viewers were able to see WB programming via Chicago 's WGN-TV , which had dropped WB programming from its national superstation feed several months earlier. WXMS launched a low power signal on channel 27 on July 2, 2000. On October 7, 2001, WXMS became a primary UPN affiliate after ceding its WB affiliation to sister station WDBD , which had defected from

360-412: A second news department and began airing a thirty-minute prime time show. Known as Fox 40 News at 9 , this was originally seen every night. After a short period of time, however, weekend broadcasts were dropped due to inadequate resources. On January 24, 2009, the weeknight newscast began airing in high definition resulting in this outlet becoming Jackson's first television station to make the upgrade. With

400-422: A three-week extension period passed with both parties failing to agree on a new contract, American Spirit Media withdrew permission for DirecTV/AT&T U-verse to retransmit the signals of its stations as of 11:59 p.m. EDT on September 21. As of January 2018, no resolution to the dispute has been reached. This dispute has been particularly frustrating for viewers in the Jackson market, as it has coincided with

440-425: A variety of ways to generate revenue from television commercials . They may be an independent station or part of a broadcasting network , or some other structure. They can produce some or all of their programs or buy some broadcast syndication programming for or all of it from other stations or independent production companies. Many stations have some sort of television studio , which on major-network stations

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480-412: Is multiplexed : WDBD shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 40, on May 4, 2009. The station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition VHF channel 6 to UHF channel 40. WDBD upgraded the new digital signal to full-power as opposed to the special temporary authority operation before the switchover. The change was needed because its previous VHF digital signal had a tough time reaching

520-496: Is non-commercial educational (NCE) and considered public broadcasting . To avoid concentration of media ownership of television stations, government regulations in most countries generally limit the ownership of television stations by television networks or other media operators, but these regulations vary considerably. Some countries have set up nationwide television networks, in which individual television stations act as mere repeaters of nationwide programs . In those countries,

560-409: Is actually controlled by American Spirit through a separate joint sales agreement (JSA), with Gray providing limited engineering support. The stations share studios on South Jefferson Street in downtown Jackson, while WDBD's transmitter is located on Thigpen Road southeast of Raymond, Mississippi . The station began broadcasting on November 30, 1984, as the market 's first independent outlet. It

600-470: Is broadcast via terrestrial radio waves. A group of television stations with common ownership or affiliation are known as a TV network and an individual station within the network is referred to as O&O or affiliate , respectively. Because television station signals use the electromagnetic spectrum, which in the past has been a common, scarce resource, governments often claim authority to regulate them. Broadcast television systems standards vary around

640-792: Is often used for newscasts or other local programming . There is usually a news department , where journalists gather information. There is also a section where electronic news-gathering (ENG) operations are based, receiving remote broadcasts via remote pickup unit or satellite TV . Outside broadcasting vans, production trucks , or SUVs with electronic field production (EFP) equipment are sent out with reporters , who may also bring back news stories on video tape rather than sending them back live . To keep pace with technology United States television stations have been replacing operators with broadcast automation systems to increase profits in recent years. Some stations (known as repeaters or translators ) only simulcast another, usually

680-754: The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) still says Jackson Television. Marc Jaromin is the station's current President / General Manager . Fellow Fox affiliate WNTZ-TV in nearby Natchez technically serves the Alexandria, Louisiana , market (through a low-power repeater ) but shares some of its coverage territory with WDBD. WNTZ also maintains a secondary MyNetworkTV affiliation and therefore encroaches on WUFX's home territory as well. Roundtable Broadcasting filed to sell WDBD and WXMS-LP to American Spirit Media in July 2012. As part of

720-445: The Fox network. On January 5, 2006, WXMS lost its UPN affiliation to WRBJ and became an independent station . WXMS simulcast with its sister station WBMS-CA . WXMS was sold by Jackson Television to Roundtable Broadcasting in early 2010. Roundtable Broadcasting filed to sell WXMS and WDBD to American Spirit Media in July 2012. As part of the deal, the station's operations were taken over by Raycom Media , owner of WLBT , under

760-405: The broadcast range , or geographic area, that the station is limited to, allocates the broadcast frequency of the radio spectrum for that station's transmissions, sets limits on what types of television programs can be programmed for broadcast and requires a station to broadcast a minimum amount of certain programs types, such as public affairs messages . Another form of television station

800-534: The electricity bill and emergency backup generators . In North America , full-power stations on band I (channels 2 to 6) are generally limited to 100 kW analog video ( VSB ) and 10 kW analog audio ( FM ), or 45 kW digital ( 8VSB ) ERP. Stations on band III (channels 7 to 13) can go up by 5 dB to 316 kW video, 31.6 kW audio, or 160 kW digital. Low-VHF stations are often subject to long-distance reception just as with FM. There are no stations on Channel 1 . UHF , by comparison, has

840-626: The Fox-branded newscasts. Although it shares a majority of on-air personnel with WLBT, WDBD maintains a separate additional news anchor for the weekday morning and weeknight shows. WLBT and WDBD operate a combined news department under the Mississippi News Now branding very similar to Raycom partnerships in Tucson, Arizona (with Tegna -owned KMSB ), and Toledo, Ohio (with American Spirit Media-owned WUPW ). The station's signal

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880-459: The Jackson–Vicksburg area. In January and February 2006, respectively, it was announced that UPN and The WB would merge and form The CW while News Corporation (owner of Fox) made public another new programming service called MyNetworkTV would start up as well. UPN affiliate WRBJ was announced as Jackson's CW affiliate while WUFX eventually joined MyNetworkTV. In advance of switching to

920-559: The U.S., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is taking another large portion of this band (channels 52 to 69) away, in contrast to the rest of the world, which has been taking VHF instead. This means that some stations left on VHF are harder to receive after the analog shutdown . Since at least 1974, there are no stations on channel 37 in North America for radio astronomy purposes. Most television stations are commercial broadcasting enterprises which are structured in

960-611: The beginning of the 2017–18 television season , the Major League Baseball postseason, the National Football League regular season, and the college football regular season. Viewers in WDBD's market have been unable through DirecTV to watch Fox network coverage of New Orleans Saints games, the 2017 ALCS , the 2017 World Series , and numerous college football games. On August 12, 1991, WDBD debuted

1000-441: The change came a new logo and an updated graphics package based on the standardized theme seen on Fox owned-and-operated stations . In April 2010, WDBD added two weeknight newscasts, both half-hour in length. The early evening show, known as Fox 40 News at 6 , directly competed with news programs seen on the area's big three affiliates . This would subsequently be dropped for a 5:30 p.m. broadcast, which currently airs against

1040-582: The deal had fallen through. In 1989, the station was sold to Donatelli & Klein of Bethesda, Maryland , making it a sister station to WDSI in Chattanooga. Pegasus Broadcasting brought out Donatelli & Klein in 1993. On October 7, 2001, due to a payment dispute between Pegasus and Fox, WDBD became an affiliate of The WB , leaving Jackson without an over-the-air Fox affiliate for the next 23 months; sister station WPXT in Portland, Maine , also made

1080-583: The deal, the station's operations were taken over by Raycom Media, owner of WLBT, under a shared services agreement; American Spirit also acquired WUFX and WBMS-CA from Vicksburg Broadcasting, but spun off the WUFX license to Tougaloo College (though it operates that station under a joint sales agreement). The transaction was consummated on November 13. WDBD's parent company, American Spirit Media, failed to renew its retransmission contract with DirecTV / AT&T U-verse upon its expiration on August 31, 2017. After

1120-420: The highest point available in the transmission area, such as on a summit , the top of a high skyscraper , or on a tall radio tower . To get a signal from the master control room to the transmitter, a studio/transmitter link (STL) is used. The link can be either by radio or T1 / E1 . A transmitter/studio link (TSL) may also send telemetry back to the station, but this may be embedded in subcarriers of

1160-451: The latter network, WUFX and WDBD swapped affiliations. On July 3, 2006, the former picked up The WB but began identifying itself on-air as "My 35" in anticipation of joining the new service. Meanwhile, WDBD rejoined Fox and became known as "Fox 40". WDBD and WUFX were sold by previous owner Jackson Television, who began operating the two stations and WXMS-LP in 2003, to Roundtable Broadcasting in early 2010. However, its licensee listing with

1200-400: The local television station has no station identification and, from a consumer's point of view, there is no practical distinction between a network and a station, with only small regional changes in programming, such as local television news . To broadcast its programs, a television station requires operators to operate equipment, a transmitter or radio antenna , which is often located at

1240-419: The main broadcast. Stations which retransmit or simulcast another may simply pick-up that station over-the-air , or via STL or satellite. The license usually specifies which other station it is allowed to carry. VHF stations often have very tall antennas due to their long wavelength , but require much less effective radiated power (ERP), and therefore use much less transmitter power output , also saving on

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1280-484: The national evening network newscasts. The late night program, called Fox 40 News at 10 on My 35 , aired on WUFX and also competed with the area's big three outlets. A further expansion occurred on January 17, 2011, after WDBD launched a weekday morning show called Fox 40 & Friends (name adapted from Fox & Friends which can be seen at the same time on Fox News Channel ). The program, eventually renamed Fox 40 A.M. , aired for two hours from 7 until 9 providing

1320-559: The outer suburbs of Jackson. The current UHF signal pushes well into the Monroe, Louisiana , market to the west and the Greenwood – Greenville – Cleveland market to the north. Television station The Fernsehsender Paul Nipkow ( TV Station Paul Nipkow ) in Berlin , Germany , was the first regular television service in the world. It was on the air from 22 March 1935, until it

1360-476: The programmes seen on its owner's flagship station, and have no television studio or production facilities of their own. This is common in developing countries . Low-power stations typically also fall into this category worldwide. Most stations which are not simulcast produce their own station identifications . TV stations may also advertise on or provide weather (or news) services to local radio stations , particularly co-owned sister stations . This may be

1400-609: The shared services agreement with WLBT, the station's news department was shut down resulting in several members of the WDBD staff being laid-off. Production of the station's newscasts was assumed by WLBT on November 12, 2012, with all of the news programming retained (except for the 10 p.m. show on WUFX since it would compete with WLBT). Its weekday morning show was renamed a third time to Fox 40 Morning News at this point. All newscasts on this station currently originate from WLBT's primary set at its South Jefferson Street studios except with separate on-air duratrans and graphics indicating

1440-520: The station to Dixon, and in October 1985, Media Central took over ownership of the station. On July 6, 1987, WDBD became the area's first Fox affiliate, although the fourth broadcast network had launched back in October 1986. For the first nine months of the network's existence, the network's only affiliate in Mississippi was Gulfport -based WXXV-TV , which had signed on the air in February 1987 and had

1480-473: The switch at the same time as Pegasus and Fox failed to agree on an affiliation agreement for the two stations. It would not be until September 2003 when WUFX (now sister station WLOO) signed-on in nearby Vicksburg and became the area's second Fox affiliate. In the interim, programming from the network was provided on cable via WNTZ-TV for those who lived in the Natchez area and via Foxnet for those living in

1520-462: The world. Television stations broadcasting over an analog system were typically limited to one television channel , but digital television enables broadcasting via subchannels as well. Television stations usually require a broadcast license from a government agency which sets the requirements and limitations on the station. In the United States, for example, a television license defines

1560-453: Was also the first television station in Mississippi to not be affiliated with a network. Jackson Family Television, originally consisting of Nashville housewife and communications student Brenda Harrison and Cleveland, Tennessee , businessman H. Bernard Dixon, owned the station while Media Central, Inc. of Chattanooga, Tennessee , operated it under a local marketing agreement (LMA). Two months after it signed on, Harrison sold her interest in

1600-574: Was shut down in 1944. The station was named after Paul Gottlieb Nipkow , the inventor of the Nipkow disk . Most often the term "television station" refers to a station which broadcasts structured content to an audience or it refers to the organization that operates the station. A terrestrial television transmission can occur via analog television signals or, more recently, via digital television signals. Television stations are differentiated from cable television or other video providers as their content

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