61-597: Wormwood Scrubs , known locally as The Scrubs (or simply Scrubs ), is an open space in Old Oak Common located in the north-eastern corner of the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham in west London . It is the largest open space in the borough, at 67 hectares (170 acres), and one of the largest areas of common in London. The eastern part, known as Little Wormwood Scrubs , is cut off by Scrubs Lane and
122-512: A proposed football stadium for QPR . The planning application was rejected. The Old Oak and Park Royal Development Corporation was established in 2015 to lead regeneration and planning work for an area covering Old Oak Common and much of the Park Royal area. The combined redevelopment area is envisaged to provide 65,000 new jobs and 25,000 new homes. The scale of the developments have led to Park Royal and Old Oak Common being described as
183-461: A "metropolitan exercising ground" for the military and to provide the Scrubs for "the perpetual use by the inhabitants of the metropolis for exercise and recreation". Under this Act, the military were empowered to expel civilians from the area whenever they were training, but they allowed civilians free use of it when they were not. To ensure that it was kept as open land for all to enjoy, the act banned
244-467: A War Office warehouse in London, along with a multitude of other record sets, but incendiary bombs dropped on the warehouse in the Second World War started a fire in which most were destroyed. The surviving quartile were largely water or fire-damaged and thus acquired the colloquial name of the "Burnt Documents." As they were mostly too fragile for public access, they were put on microfilm with
305-576: A campaign to save Scrubs Wood, the area of railway land along the north side of Wormwood Scrubs, from destruction as part of plans by the then British Rail to build cleaning depots (see North Pole depot ) to service Channel Tunnel trains. Holloway and his campaign petitioned the House of Lords, supported by the then MP for Fulham Nick Raynsford , and won concessions. The existing nature reserve includes an area known as 'Lester's Embankment'. The campaign attracted considerable national publicity in 1987, and even
366-590: A case law database for decisions from superior courts of record since 2003, called Find Case Law . The department is the responsibility of the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Sport, Media, Civil Society and Youth ; a minister in His Majesty's Government. The National Archives is based in Kew in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames in south-west London . The building
427-515: A fee of £3.50 per file, or through co-branded services called licensed Internet associates (LIA) as pay per view or part of their subscription service. On 22 April 2020, it was announced that a monthly quota of free downloads from Discovery would be made available to registered users, instead of £3.50 per downloaded file. As at August 2023 there are three licensing partners with Licensing Internet Associate agreements still in place: Ancestry.com , Findmypast and TheGenealogist . A reader's ticket
488-528: A musical. From 1965 until 1994 the western part of Wormwood Scrubs lay in the London Borough of Ealing , and was known as Old Oak Common . The name is still shown on maps today. In 1994 the whole park became part of the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. The Wormwood Scrubs Charitable Trust, a charity set up under the Act of Parliament to manage this public space "for the exercise and recreation of
549-516: A new platform with a simpler interface to ensure its availability. The National Register of Archives (NRA) is the central point for the collection and circulation of information about the content and nature of archival manuscripts relating to British history. It contains published and unpublished lists and catalogues describing archival collections in the UK and overseas: currently over 44,000 such catalogues are included. The register can be consulted in
610-679: A new stadium with 40,000 capacity for its club in the regeneration area, but these plans have been hampered. The National Archives (UK) The National Archives ( TNA ; Welsh : Yr Archifau Cenedlaethol ) is a non-ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom . Its parent department is the Department for Culture, Media and Sport of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland . It
671-757: A newly built school on Du Cane Road next to Hammersmith Hospital; the school buildings were demolished in 1975, when the school moved out of London. It was served by St. Quintin Park and Wormwood Scrubs railway station on the West London Line . On 3 October 1940 the station was struck by an incendiary bomb and destroyed by fire. The prison is located just yards from the scene of the Massacre of Braybrook Street in 1966, in which three policemen were shot dead by three armed men after stopping their suspicious car. In 1986 local birdwatcher Lester Holloway set up
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#1732776366517732-644: A potential " Canary Wharf of West London ". The engineering plans were revealed in 2018 showing a station at Old Oak Common for HS2 , the high speed line running from London to Birmingham. Passengers using HS2 will be able to disembark at Old Oak Common and interchange with the Elizabeth line , Chiltern Railways and Great Western Railway services. The station will have a capacity for around 100 million passengers, rivalling London Waterloo in Central London. Queens Park Rangers F.C. planned to build
793-678: A section north of the canal in 1837, followed by the Great Western line removing a section to the south of the canal in 1838. 1844 saw the Birmingham, Bristol and Thames Junction Railway slice off a sizable section of the eastern half, becoming The Little Scrubs . In 1872, the manorial rights were purchased under the Military Forces Localisation Act 1872 with a view to creating a military exercise ground. The Wormwood Scrubs Act 1879 , which aimed to create
854-502: A subject of controversy among users of the Scrubs. The primary goal is to connect each patch of the Local Nature Reserve within the grounds by a wildlife corridor in the form of low hedges and trees. Ultimately, it is claimed that this will benefit biodiversity in the park and create better foraging routes for bats such as the common pipistrelle . Habitats for the local common lizards are also being changed, e.g. by
915-518: A sum of money from the past (from 1270) would be worth today and the spending power it would have commanded at the time. In September 2011, TNA's museum began using QRpedia codes, which can be scanned by smartphone users in order to retrieve information about exhibits from Misplaced Pages . TNA regularly posts blogs to its website. Posts cover a wide range of topics, from specific events and time periods to features on holdings in TNA, as well as information on
976-410: A wide-ranging 'Park Royal City' plan for Old Oak Common, including the proposed station, and with light-rail lines to the surrounding areas. In December 2013, The Independent reported that Antony Spencer, founder of Stadium Capital Development, was to head up a £5 billion regeneration scheme in the area, with partner Queens Park Rangers . The proposal included new homes, office, retail outlets, and
1037-556: Is a database containing details of archival collections held in many different archive repositories in England and Wales. As of March 2008, there are no more plans to add additional collections to A2A due to lack of funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund and the changing financial priorities of The National Archives, but existing entries can still be updated. The A2A database was transferred to The National Archives with
1098-490: Is a semi-industrial area of London, between Harlesden and Acton . The area is traditionally known for its railway depots , particularly Old Oak Common TMD which was decommissioned in 2021. Together with neighbouring Park Royal , the area is intended to become the UK's largest regeneration scheme. Old Oak Common has been in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham since 1994. Further south lies an open area, Wormwood Scrubs Park, and Wormwood Scrubs prison . To
1159-490: Is composed of three sections: the department code of up to four letters, such as WO for the War Office ; a series or class number, for the "subcategory" or collection that the document comes from; and an individual document number. Documents can also be ordered several days in advance of a visit. Once a same-day document order has been placed, The National Archives aims to get it to the reader within 45 minutes (assuming it
1220-464: Is kept at Kew rather than at their second repository, "Deep Store" – a former salt mine in Cheshire: it can take 2–3 days for files to be retrieved from the latter). Special arrangements are in place for readers wishing to retrieve large groups of files as bulk orders placed in advance. As of 2011, some of the most popular documents had been digitised and were available to download from Discovery, for
1281-401: Is no aisle between them. A large handle on the end of each shelf allows them to be moved along tracks in the floor to create an aisle when needed. They are generally stored in acid-free folders or boxes. In the event of a fire The National Archives would be clearly unable to use sprinklers for fear of ruining its holdings, and so when the building is evacuated, argon gas is released into
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#17327763665171342-537: Is not needed to access digitised records. Whilst a visitor is on the premises, they can be accessed for free on a terminal, or via a wi-fi connection, where the paywall on the network has been disabled. Frequently accessed documents such as the Abdication Papers had originally been captured on microfilm , as were the aggregated service records for two million First World War soldiers. (See section further down.) As part of its digitisation programme, microfilm
1403-674: Is primarily for former OPSI staff. There is also an additional record storage facility (DeepStore ) in the worked-out parts of Winsford Rock Salt Mine , Winsford , Cheshire . The National Archives was created in 2003 by combining the Public Record Office and the Historical Manuscripts Commission and is a non-ministerial department reporting to the Minister of State for digital policy. On 31 October 2006, The National Archives merged with
1464-461: Is restricted to those persons with reader tickets, and there are rules on what can be taken in. Anybody aged 16 or over can access the original documents at the Kew site, after producing two acceptable proofs of identity and being issued a free reader's ticket. The reading rooms have terminals from which documents can be ordered up from secure storage areas by their reference number. The reference number
1525-553: Is the official national archive of the UK Government and for England and Wales; and "guardian of some of the nation's most iconic documents, dating back more than 1,000 years." There are separate national archives for Scotland (the National Records of Scotland ) and Northern Ireland (the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland ). TNA was formerly four separate organisations: the Public Record Office (PRO),
1586-627: The Civil Pages project on behalf of the Cabinet Office, operating as an online directory for the civil service, facilitating working together and providing a means of sharing knowledge securely between government departments. In January 2011 The National Archives, in conjunction with historian Nick Barratt and smartphone applications development studio RevelMob, developed its first Old Money iPhone app, which uses historic price data from documents held at The National Archives to see what
1647-577: The Historical Manuscripts Commission , the Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI) and His Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO). The Public Record Office still exists as a legal entity, as the enabling legislation has not been modified, and documents held by the institution thus continue to be cited by many scholars as part of the PRO. Since 2008, TNA has also hosted the former UK Statute Law Database, now known as legislation.gov.uk , and since 2022 has hosted
1708-789: The National Archives at Kew of a base here called Wormwood Scrubs Naval Air Station. The airship shed was used to train RNAS armoured car crews. It remained as an emergency landing ground until the 1930s. In 1939 with the onset of World War II , Wormwood Scrubs again played host to an innovative military department—the Chief Cable Censorship Department, an outstation of the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park . In 1928 St.Clement Danes Grammar School moved from Holborn to
1769-511: The Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI), which itself also contained His Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO) which was previously a part of the Cabinet Office . The name remained The National Archives . TNA claims it is "at the heart of information policy—setting standards and supporting innovation in information and records management across the UK, and providing a practical framework of best practice for opening up and encouraging
1830-627: The Olympic Stadium at White City went across the Scrubs. In 1910 Wormwood Scrubs became part of aviation history when a pioneer airship took flight from an improvised landing ground; The Daily Mail Airship Garage was built shortly afterwards—the site is now occupied by the Linford Christie Stadium. In 1914 all air-related activities on the Scrubs passed to the authority of the Admiralty , and there are records in
1891-594: The Public Records Act 1958 it is responsible for overseeing the appropriate custody of certain non-governmental public records in England and Wales . Under the 2003 Historical Manuscripts Commission Warrant it has responsibility for investigating and reporting on non-governmental records and archives of all kinds throughout the United Kingdom. In October 2011, when the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council
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1952-548: The Wellcome Library , TNA has made hospital records available via the Hospital Records Database. The Hospital Records Database has not been updated since 2012, and there are no current updates occurring as of 2018. The Manorial Documents Register includes records relating to manors located in England and Wales. Digitization of the records is on-going as of 2018. The National Archives operates
2013-631: The West London line railway. It has been an open public space since the Wormwood Scrubs Act 1879 . The southern edge of the Scrubs is the site of two locally important institutions. At the western end is HM Prison Wormwood Scrubs , built between 1875 and 1891 by convict labour. To the east of the prison is the Hammersmith Hospital campus, which includes the relocated Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital . Within
2074-612: The 1903 Acton-Northolt line to the Great Western and Great Central Joint Railway at Northolt divided at Old Oak junction. Before 1965, Old Oak Common formed part of the Municipal Borough of Acton , and the area thus became part of the London Borough of Ealing that year. Following a revision of municipal boundaries in 1994, Old Oak Common was transferred from Ealing to Hammersmith and Fulham. The partially singled Acton-Northolt line closed in December 2018 to allow for
2135-526: The Ancestry website from 2008 onwards. These are archive series WO 364. For several years beforehand, the future transfer of the records was being talked about. In February 2021 the Ministry Of Defence commenced transferring 9.7 million military records for individuals with a discharge date before 31 December 1963 to The National Archives UK, it's largest record transfer in the history of
2196-783: The Friends of Wormwood Scrubs. Areas of Wormwood Scrubs are a local nature reserve . These areas include Braybrook Woods, Martin Bell's Wood and the Central Woodland Copse. Habitats include woodland (plantation), scrub and grassland. Animals include common lizards, over 100 species of bird and 20 species of butterfly. This site is currently being managed by the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham in collaboration with Groundwork UK . Conservation work being carried out in Wormwood Scrubs by Groundwork London has been
2257-541: The National Archives reading room and the index used to be searchable as an online database on the National Archives web site. The information is collected in a variety of ways. TNA is sent hard-copy catalogues from archive repositories holding records relating to British history. These are kept in the reading room at The National Archives and indexed in the online database. TNA conducts an annual survey of archive repositories and records all new accessions, and
2318-444: The National Archives, but those held in other archive repositories. Instead, since 2014, it has been possible for users of Discovery to add metadata tags to catalogue items. This has become the new means by which members of the user community can contribute via crowdsourcing . The National Archives also hosts several databases on types of records including hospital records; migration records; and manorial records. Working with
2379-538: The accession lists are also available on TNA's website. Information is also obtained from surveys and guides to archival collections, and other publications. The Register includes name indexes to its contents (covering corporate names, personal names, family names, and place names); but not subject or thematic indexes . Where the catalogues are themselves available online the indexes provide direct electronic links; but many still exist in hard copy only (often as unpublished " grey literature "), and it remains necessary for
2440-516: The aid of the Heritage Lottery Fund . This activity commenced in 1996 and concluded in 2003. They were converted to digital image files and were made available on the Ancestry website from 2008 onwards. These are archive series WO 363. Some service record papers were held elsewhere by the Ministry of Pensions, and were unaffected by the warehouse fire. These records were also microfilmed, and duly converted to digital files and were made available on
2501-640: The air-tight repositories. The National Archives also provides services to help users in their research and also find collections beyond those it holds. The National Archives's education web page is a free online resource for teaching and learning history, aimed at teachers and students. Users can select time periods they are interested in, from the medieval era to the present day. Each time period contains sub-topics with various materials that can be used as teaching tools for teachers. Resources for students focus primarily on tips for research and writing using archival materials. Access to Archives (also known as A2A)
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2562-428: The archive's operations. The "Archives Media Player" section holds videos and podcasts created and posted by TNA. Videos and audio are not posted as regularly as TNA's blog. Archives Inspire was a strategy document that set out the goals and priorities of the organisation over four years, from 2015 onwards. Our plans 2019-23 Our plans 2023-27 Between 2005 and 2011, over 1500 files had been reported missing from
2623-595: The archives. Notable items reported missing during this period included correspondence from Winston Churchill and documents from the courts of several monarchies. Around 800 of these records have since been recovered, and the archives has reported that they believe most are misplaced rather than permanently lost. In 2017, the archives again received attention when it was reported that around 1000 files had been removed – in part or whole – by government officials and reported as missing when not returned. In response to concerns stated by politicians and historians about management of
2684-481: The area are several sports facilities, including the Linford Christie Stadium , tens of football pitches, and a pony centre. Queens Park Rangers Football Club played on Wormwood Scrubs between 1893 and 1896. The area is first mentioned in 1189 as Wormhold Scrubs, the area was cleared woodland used for pasture for the cattle and pigs of the local manor. In 1801, the northern section was cut off by
2745-707: The building of the Paddington Arm of the Grand Junction Canal . In 1812 an area of 77 hectares (190 acres) known as Wormholt Scrubs was leased by the War Office from the Manor of Fulham. This was in order to exercise cavalry horses, which until then had been exercised in Hyde Park , Belgrave Square and Regent's Park – then known as St. Marylebone's Park. This common land became known as Wormwood Scrubs. The London and Birmingham Railway removed
2806-401: The collection, the archives stressed that the number of missing files is quite small in proportion to the entire holdings of the repository – about 0.01% – and that, as of 2017, its loss rate was only around 100 documents, annually. In June 2005, journalist Ben Fenton of The Daily Telegraph received an email from a colleague asking him to investigate documents held at TNA that alleged that
2867-617: The construction of Old Oak Common railway station , which will offer interchange between GWML trains, the Elizabeth line and the High Speed 2 (HS2) line heading north. Additional rail interchanges may be provided with the construction of two new London Overground stations, Hythe Road on the West London line and Old Oak Common Lane on the North London line . In summer 2011, the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham launched
2928-421: The inhabitants of the metropolis", receives a substantial income stream from the lease to Hammersmith Hospital of a car park on its southern boundary. Other sources of income from the space include the rental of sports fields, advertising billboards, and two public car parks. The accounting for costs and revenues of the charity has been a matter of debate between the council, currently the charity's sole trustee, and
2989-469: The military from building any permanent structures other than rifle butts , one of which survives today as a wall in the Linford Christie Stadium . 1873 saw the purchase of the southern part of the Scrubs for the building of Wormwood Scrubs Prison, and in 1889 an area adjacent to the prison for the building of Hammersmith hospital . In 1908, the Olympic Marathon route from Windsor Castle to
3050-764: The north it is bounded by the Grand Union Canal and across it lies Willesden Junction station . Originally, Old Oak Common was a stretch of land defined by what became the Harrow Road at its northern end, and its eastern edge was the northern source of Stamford Brook , forming a boundary with Wormwood Scrubs . By 1801, the Paddington Canal had cut it in half, further reducing its size. The Great Western Railway 's Great Western Main Line (GWML) of 1838–1841 from London Paddington to Bristol and
3111-494: The online catalogue of the holdings of TNA. Entrance to The National Archives is free. The Research and Enquiries Room on the first floor contains a large number of desktop computer terminals. In addition, it is possible to bring your own device and to access wi-fi. Close by are the shelves of the reference library. Elsewhere on the first floor and the second floor are the reading room and map room, for conventional and oversized documents respectively. Access to these reading rooms
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#17327763665173172-701: The organization. The first batch of records were added to the Discovery catalogue in April 2022. Since then, these records can be physically consulted in the invigilation room. A minimum of four business days advance notice is currently required when ordering these records, which are currently held offsite. In March 2023, Ancestry announced that it had won a contract to digitize over 3 million British Army service records, which it would release from 2024 through 2029. The documents are stored on mobile shelving – double-sided shelves, which are pushed together so that there
3233-417: The original from damage. In extreme circumstances, such as where the black and white image of the original was on microfilm, then was transferred to a digital file, and resultant image decay has rendered the finer points illegible, an original document can be retrieved. It will be clearly stated in the catalogue entry if the record has not been digitised. Over six million sets of these papers were stored in
3294-415: The present", with records from parchment and paper scrolls through to digital files and archived websites . The material held at Kew includes the following: There is also a museum, which displays key documents such as Domesday Book and has exhibitions on various topics using material from the collections. The collections held by the National Archives can be searched using Discovery , the name given to
3355-511: The re-use of public sector information. This work helps inform today's decisions and ensure that they become tomorrow's permanent record." It has a number of key roles in information policy: The National Archives (and before it the Public Record Office) has long had a role of oversight and leadership for the entire archives sector and archives profession in the UK, including local government and non-governmental archives. Under
3416-570: The removal of scrub to create basking areas. This work includes planting trees, and it is feared that this could jeopardise the open nature of the common. The bulk of the work is currently being undertaken by volunteers for Groundwork London, a government quasi non-governmental organisation funded largely through a levy on landfill. [REDACTED] Media related to Wormwood Scrubs Park at Wikimedia Commons 51°31′17″N 00°14′20″W / 51.52139°N 0.23889°W / 51.52139; -0.23889 Old Oak Common Old Oak Common
3477-524: The researcher to visit either TNA or the specific repository in order to consult them. A separate National Register of Archives for Scotland is maintained at the National Archives of Scotland , but its contents are duplicated within the NRA at Kew. ARCHON Directory is a database of contact details for archive repositories in the UK and institutions elsewhere in the world which have substantial collections of manuscripts relating to British history. Your Archives
3538-639: Was a wiki for the National Archives on-line community which was launched in May 2007; it was closed for editing on 30 September 2012 in preparation of archiving on the Government web archive. The contributions were made by users to give additional information to that which is available on the other services provided by the National Archives, including the catalogue, research guides, documentonline and National Register of Archive. Your Archives encouraged users to create articles not only about historical records held by
3599-422: Was eliminated, and replaced by digital files, some of which were free to download. Researchers are encouraged to check Discovery first, to see if they can get what they want online, via the portal or a third party provider. If a document is available online, The National Archives's policy is to encourage people to use the digital copy (surrogate) and not the original, even if they come to Kew, in order to protect
3660-800: Was opened in 1977 as an additional home for the public records, which were held in a building on Chancery Lane . The site was originally a World War I hospital, which was later used by several government departments. It is near to Kew Gardens Underground station . Until its closure in March 2008, the Family Records Centre in Islington was run jointly by The National Archives and the General Register Office . The National Archives has an additional office in Norwich , which
3721-402: Was wound up, TNA took over its responsibilities in respect of archives in England, including providing information and advice to ministers on archives policy. The National Archives now sees this part of its role as being "to enhance the 'archival health of the nation'". The National Archives is His Majesty's Government's official archive, "containing 1000 years of history from Domesday Book to
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