Savlon is a brand of antibacterial personal care products with the active ingredients of cetrimide and chlorhexidine gluconate . Commonly sold as a cream , the product range also includes antiseptic sprays, sticking plasters and other antiseptic products.
41-448: Warts are non-cancerous viral growths usually occurring on the hands and feet but which can also affect other locations, such as the genitals or face. One or many warts may appear. They are distinguished from cancerous tumors as they are caused by a viral infection, such as a human papillomavirus , rather than a cancer growth . Factors that increase the risk include the use of public showers and pools, working with meat, eczema , and
82-589: A weak immune system . The virus is believed to infect the host through the entrance of a skin wound . A number of types exist, including plantar warts , " filiform warts ", and genital warts . Genital warts are often sexually transmitted . Without treatment, most types of warts resolve in months to years. A number of treatments may speed resolution, including salicylic acid applied to the skin and cryotherapy . In those who are otherwise healthy, they do not typically result in significant problems. Treatment of genital warts differs from that of other types. Infection of
123-399: A characteristic appearance under the microscope. They have thickening of the stratum corneum (hyperkeratosis), thickening of the stratum spinosum (acanthosis), thickening of the stratum granulosum , rete ridge elongation, and large blood vessels at the dermoepidermal junction . On dermatoscopic examination, warts will commonly have fingerlike or knoblike extensions. Gardasil 6
164-495: A history of previous HPV infection, the appearance of new warts may be either from a new exposure to HPV, or from a recurrence of the previous infection. As many as one-third of people with warts will experience a recurrence. Anal or genital warts may be transmitted during birth . The presence of wart-like lesions on the genitals of young children has been suggested as an indicator of sexual abuse. However, genital warts can sometimes result from autoinoculation by warts elsewhere on
205-417: A prevalence of 10%. A condyloma acuminatum is a single genital wart, and condylomata acuminata are multiple genital warts. The word roots mean 'pointed wart' (from Greek κόνδυλος 'knuckle', Greek -ωμα -oma 'disease', and Latin acuminatum 'pointed'). Although similarly named, it is not the same as condyloma latum , which is a complication of secondary syphilis . Savlon The product name
246-635: A specific well on Rathlin Island is credited with the power to cure warts. Surviving ancient medical texts show that warts were a documented disease since at least the time of Hippocrates , who lived c. 460 – c. 370 BC . In the book De Medecia by the Roman physician Aulus Cornelius Celsus , who lived c. 25 BC – c. 50 AD , different types of warts were described. Celsus described Myrmecia , today recognized as plantar wart , and categorized acrochordon (a skin tag) as
287-536: A third of cases they resolve on their own. About 1% of people in the United States have genital warts. Many people, however, are infected and do not have symptoms. Without vaccination nearly all sexually active people will get some type of HPV at one point in their lives. The disease has been known at least since the time of Hippocrates in 300 BC. They may be found anywhere in the anal or genital area , and are frequently found on external surfaces of
328-447: A virus infection. In 1976 the virologist Harald zur Hausen was the first to discover that warts were caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). His continuous research established the evidence necessary to develop a HPV vaccine , which first became available in 2006. Genital wart Genital warts are a sexually transmitted infection caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) . They may be flat or project out from
369-682: A virus, and toads do not harbor it. A variety of traditional folk remedies and rituals claim to be able to remove warts. In The Adventures of Tom Sawyer , Mark Twain has his characters discuss a variety of such remedies. Tom Sawyer proposes "spunk-water" (or "stump-water", the water collecting in the hollow of a tree stump) as a remedy for warts on the hand. You put your hand into the water at midnight and say: Barley-corn, barley-corn, injun-meal shorts, Spunk-water, spunk-water, swaller these warts You then "walk away quick, eleven steps, with your eyes shut, and then turn around three times and walk home without speaking to anybody. Because if you speak
410-653: A virus, such as HIV , can cause warts. This is prevented through careful handling of needles or sharp objects that could infect the individual through physical trauma of the skin, plus the practice of safe sex or sexual abstinence . Viruses that are not sexually transmitted, or are not transmitted in the case of a wart, can be prevented through a number of behaviors, such as wearing shoes outdoors and avoiding unsanitized areas without proper shoes or clothing, such as public restrooms or locker rooms. Warts are very common, with most people being infected at some point in their lives. The estimated current rate of non-genital warts among
451-424: A wart. In the 13th century, warts were described in books published by the surgeons William of Saliceto and Lanfranc of Milan . The word verruca to describe a wart was introduced by the physician Daniel Sennert , who described warts in his 1636 book Hypomnemata physicae . The cause of warts was initially disputed in the medical profession. In the early 18th century the physician Daniel Turner , who published
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#1732764974023492-504: Is an HPV vaccine aimed at preventing cervical cancers and genital warts. Gardasil is designed to prevent infection with HPV types 16, 18, 6, and 11. HPV types 16 and 18 currently cause about 70% of cervical cancer cases, and also cause some vulvar , vaginal , penile and anal cancers . HPV types 6 and 11 are responsible for 90% of documented cases of genital warts. Gardasil 9 protects against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. HPV vaccines do not currently protect against
533-568: Is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in both males and females as early as 9 years of age. In the UK, Gardasil replaced Cervarix in September 2012 for reasons unrelated to safety. Cervarix had been used routinely in young females from its introduction in 2008, but was only effective against the high-risk HPV types 16 and 18, neither of which typically causes warts. There
574-546: Is commonly sold as an antiseptic liquid. It is used for cleansing and prevention of infection in skin lesions , including small cuts and blisters and minor burns, and is useful in first aid kits . Other items sold in the Savlon range include hygiene soap, antiseptic cream and healing gel. Savlon's antiseptic liquid comes in the SKU sizes of 75 ml, 125 ml, 250 ml, 500 ml, 750 ml and 2 L. In Australia, Savlon
615-483: Is conflicting evidence about the effect of condoms on transmission of low-risk HPV. Some studies have suggested that they are effective at reducing transmission. Other studies suggest that condoms are not effective at preventing transmission of the low-risk HPV variants that cause genital warts. The effect of condoms on HPV transmission may also be sex-dependent; there is some evidence that condoms are more effective at preventing infection of males than of females. There
656-598: Is controversial. Because a diagnosis made with acetic acid will not meaningfully affect the course of the disease, and cannot be verified by a more specific test, a 2007 UK guideline advises against its use. HPV vaccines have excellent safety profiles and are highly efficacious, or have met immunobridging standards. They prevent genital warts, with the quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines providing virtually complete protection. As of 2022, 125 countries include HPV vaccine in their routine vaccinations for girls, and 47 countries recommend them for boys, as well. There exists
697-685: Is derived from the original Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) manufacturing site name of the Avlon Works at Avonmouth near Bristol , UK on the Severn Estuary . Savlon is sold in many countries, with different manufacturing and licensing agreements. In 1992, Johnson & Johnson acquired the Savlon OTC brands from ICI. Since then, Johnson & Johnson manufactures and distributes Savlon products throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. In 2015, Johnson & Johnson sold Indian rights to
738-429: Is less transmissible than via penetrative sex. There is conflicting evidence about the effect of condoms on transmission of low-risk HPV. Some studies have suggested that they are effective at reducing transmission. Other studies suggest that condoms are not effective at preventing transmission of the low-risk HPV variants that cause genital warts. The effect of condoms on HPV transmission may also be sex-dependent; there
779-431: Is no consensus on whether the appearance of new anal or genital warts, by itself, can be considered an indicator of sexual abuse. The diagnosis of genital warts is most often made visually, but may require confirmation by biopsy in some cases. Smaller warts may occasionally be confused with molluscum contagiosum . Genital warts, histopathologically , characteristically rise above the skin surface due to enlargement of
820-1388: Is no cure for HPV. Existing treatments are directed towards the removal of visible warts, but these may also regress on their own without any therapy. There is no evidence to suggest that removing visible warts reduces transmission of the underlying HPV infection. As many as 80% of people with HPV will clear the infection within 18 months. A healthcare practitioner may offer one of several ways to treat warts, depending on their number, sizes, locations, or other factors. All treatments can cause depigmentation, itching, pain, or scarring . Treatments can be classified as either physically ablative , or topical agents. Physically ablative therapies are considered more effective at initial wart removal, but like all therapies have significant recurrence rates. Many therapies, including folk remedies , have been suggested for treating genital warts, some of which have little evidence to suggest they are effective or safe. Those listed here are ones mentioned in national or international practice guidelines as having some basis in evidence for their use. Physically ablative methods are more likely to be effective on keratinized warts. They are also most appropriate for patients with fewer numbers of relatively smaller warts. Podophyllin, podofilox and isotretinoin should not be used during pregnancy , as they could cause birth defects in
861-522: Is some evidence that condoms are more effective at preventing infection of males than of females. The types of HPV that cause warts are highly transmissible. Roughly three out of four unaffected partners of patients with warts develop them within eight months. Other studies of partner concordance suggest that the presence of visible warts may be an indicator of increased infectivity; HPV concordance rates are higher in couples where one partner has visible warts. Although 90% of HPV infections are cleared by
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#1732764974023902-442: Is that the blood on the buried bean will draw away the wart. Twain is recognized as an early collector and recorder of genuine American folklore . Similar practices are recorded elsewhere. In Louisiana , one remedy for warts involves rubbing the wart with a potato , which is then buried; when the "buried potato dries up, the wart will be cured". Another remedy similar to Twain's is reported from Northern Ireland , where water from
943-493: The dermal papillae , have parakeratosis and the characteristic nuclear changes typical of HPV infections (nuclear enlargement with perinuclear clearing). DNA tests are available for diagnosis of high-risk HPV infections. Because genital warts are caused by low-risk HPV types, DNA tests cannot be used for diagnosis of genital warts or other low-risk HPV infections. Some practitioners use an acetic acid solution to identify smaller warts ("subclinical lesions"), but this practice
984-513: The fetus . Isotretinoin taken orally has been shown to treat recalcitrant condylomata acuminata (RCA) of the cervix. Genital HPV infections have an estimated prevalence in the US of 10–20% and clinical manifestations in 1% of the sexually active adult population. US incidence of HPV infection has increased between 1975 and 2006. About 80% of those infected are between the ages of 17 and 33. Although treatments can remove warts, they do not remove
1025-439: The human papillomavirus (HPV). There are about 130 known types of human papillomaviruses. HPV infects the squamous epithelium , usually of the skin or genitals, but each HPV type is typically only able to infect a few specific areas of the body. Many HPV types can produce a benign growth, often called a "wart" or "papilloma", in the area they infect. Many of the more common HPV and wart types are listed below. Common warts have
1066-439: The latex of Chelidonium majus is a traditional treatment. The acrid yellow sap of Greater Celandine is used as a traditional wart remedy. According to English folk belief , touching toads causes warts; according to a German belief, touching a toad under a full moon cures warts. The most common Northern Hemisphere toads have glands that protrude from their skin that superficially resemble warts. Warts are caused by
1107-408: The 19th century, the chief physician of Verona Hospital established a link between warts and cervical cancer . But in 1874 it was noted by the dermatologist Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra that while various theories were advanced by the medical profession, the "influences causing warts are still very obscure". In 1907 the physician Giuseppe Ciuffo was the first to demonstrate that warts were caused by
1148-559: The HPV, so warts can recur after treatment (about 50–73% of the time ). Warts can also spontaneously regress (with or without treatment). Traditional theories postulated that the virus remained in the body for a lifetime. However, studies using sensitive DNA techniques have shown that through immunological response , the virus can either be cleared or suppressed to levels below what polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests can measure. One study testing genital skin for subclinical HPV using PCR found
1189-543: The Savlon and Shower To Shower brands to ITC Limited . Also in 1992, ICI sold its Bangladesh rights to Savlon to ICI Bangladesh Manufacturers Limited, now ACI Limited . In June 2019, STADA Group of Germany acquired UK rights to Savlon from GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Products for its UK subsidiary Thornton & Ross . The active ingredients in Savlon products are two antiseptics, cetrimide and chlorhexidine gluconate . These agents were discovered and first developed by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI). Savlon
1230-435: The body within two years of infection, it is possible for infected cells to undergo a latency (quiet) period, with the first occurrence or a recurrence of symptoms happening months or years later. Latent HPV, even with no outward symptoms, is still transmissible to a sexual partner. If an individual has unprotected sex with an infected partner, there is a 70% chance that he or she will also become infected. In individuals with
1271-542: The body, including the penile shaft , scrotum , or labia majora . They can also occur on internal surfaces like the opening to the urethra , inside the vagina , on the cervix , or in the anus . They can be as small as 1–5 mm in diameter, but can also grow or spread into large masses in the genital or anal area. In some cases they look like small stalks. They may be hard (" keratinized ") or soft. Their color can be variable, and sometimes they may bleed. In most cases, there are no symptoms of HPV infection other than
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1312-492: The body, such as from the hands. It has also been reported from sharing of swimsuits, underwear, or bath towels, and from non-sexual touching during routine care such as diapering. Genital warts in children are less likely to be caused by HPV subtypes 6 and 11 than adults, and more likely to be caused by HPV types that cause warts elsewhere on the body ("cutaneous types"). Surveys of pediatricians who are child abuse specialists suggest that in children younger than 4 years old, there
1353-399: The charm's busted." This is given as an example of Huckleberry Finn 's planned remedy, which involves throwing a dead cat into a graveyard as a devil or devils comes to collect a recently buried wicked person. Another remedy involved splitting a bean, drawing blood from the wart and putting it on one of the halves, and burying that half at a crossroads at midnight. The theory of operation
1394-457: The first book on dermatology , suggested that warts were caused by damaged nerves close to the skin. In the mid-18th century, the surgeon John Hunter popularized the belief that warts were caused by a bacterial syphilis infection. The surgeon Benjamin Bell documented that warts were caused by a disease entirely unrelated to syphilis, and established a causal link between warts and cancer. In
1435-484: The general population is 1–13%. They are more common among young people. Prior to widespread adoption of the HPV vaccine , the estimated rate of genital warts in sexually active women was 12%. Warts have been described as far back as 400 BC by Hippocrates . A range of types of wart have been identified, varying in shape and site affected, as well as the type of human papillomavirus involved. These include: Warts are caused by
1476-462: The most easily recognized symptom of genital HPV infection. HPV types 6 and 11 are responsible for causing majority of genital warts whereas HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, and 35 are also occasionally found. It is spread through direct skin-to-skin contact, usually during oral , manual , vaginal , or anal sex with an infected partner. Diagnosis is generally based on symptoms and can be confirmed by biopsy . The types of HPV that cause cancer are not
1517-422: The nonavalent vaccine, Gardasil 9. The quadrivalent Gardasil (sold by Merck & Co. ) is a vaccine that protects against infection by HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 . Types 6 and 11 cause genital warts, while 16 and 18 cause cervical cancer . The vaccine is preventive, not therapeutic, and must be given before exposure to the virus type to be effective, ideally before the beginning of sexual activity. The vaccine
1558-423: The same as those that cause warts. Some HPV vaccines can prevent genital warts as may condoms , with the quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines providing virtually complete protection. Treatment options include creams such as podophyllin , imiquimod , and trichloroacetic acid . Cryotherapy or surgery may also be an option. After treatment warts often resolve within six months. Without treatment, in up to
1599-403: The surface of the skin, and their color may vary; brownish, white, pale yellow, pinkish-red, or gray. There may be a few individual warts or several, either in a cluster or merged together to look cauliflower-shaped. They can be itchy and feel burning. Usually they cause few symptoms , but can occasionally be painful. Typically they appear one to eight months following exposure. Warts are
1640-735: The virus strains responsible for plantar warts (verrucae). The virus is relatively hardy and immune to many common disinfectants . Exposure to 90% ethanol for at least 1 minute, 2% glutaraldehyde , 30% Savlon , and/or 1% sodium hypochlorite can disinfect the pathogen. The virus is resistant to drying and heat, but killed by 100 °C (212 °F) temperature and ultraviolet radiation. There are many treatments and procedures associated with wart removal. A review of various skin wart treatments concluded that topical treatments containing salicylic acid were more effective than placebo . Cryotherapy appears to be as effective as salicylic acid, but there have been fewer trials. Daily application of
1681-418: The warts themselves. Sometimes warts may cause itching, redness, or discomfort, especially when they occur around the anus. Although they are usually without other physical symptoms, an outbreak of genital warts may cause psychological distress, such as anxiety , in some people. HPV is most commonly transmitted through penetrative sex . While HPV can also be transmitted via non-penetrative sexual activity, it