Misplaced Pages

#53946

35-414: Marmon Group primarily focuses on the industrial space, including companies that produce transportation equipment, electrical components, other industrial components, as well as service-based companies providing services in the construction and retail sectors. Tank car manufacturing is a significant part of its business, including products which are sold through its subsidiaries Union Tank Car Company in

70-605: A BLEVE . DOT-114 tank cars are used in North America to carry pressurized gases. A milk car is a specialized type of tank car designed to carry raw milk between farms, creameries , and processing plants. Milk is now commonly chilled, before loading, and transported in a glass-lined tank car. Such tank cars are often placarded as "Food service use only". Tank cars of this type are designed to carry cryogenic liquid Hydrogen (LH 2 ). North American cars are classified as DOT113, AAR204W, and AAR204XT A pickle car

105-420: A pump or gas compressor back to either a storage reservoir or the inlet of the pump or gas compressor. This is done to protect the pump or gas compressor and any associated equipment from excessive pressure. The bypass valve and bypass path can be internal (an integral part of the pump or compressor) or external (installed as a component in the fluid path). Many fire engines have such relief valves to prevent

140-402: A torpedo . A vinegar car is a specialized type of tank car designed to transport vinegar . The largest such car built was built by Morrison Railway Supply Corporation in 1968. The car's underframe included all of the modern facets of freight car design including roller bearing trucks and cushioning devices built by FreightMaster, while the tank that rode on it, made of Douglas fir , had

175-558: A capacity of 17,100 US gallons (65 m ; 14,200 imp gal). The car, in what has been called 'the largest wooden tank car ever built', took 18 months to build. The Reinhart Vinegar Car can be seen at the Toronto Harbourfront Museum . Vinegar is now moved in ordinary tank cars lined with glass, plastic, or alloy steel . In the early 1960s, the Union Tank Car Company introduced

210-415: A portion of the fluid is diverted through the auxiliary route. In systems containing flammable fluids, the diverted fluid (liquid, gas or liquid-gas mixture) is either recaptured by a low pressure, high-flow vapor recovery system or is routed through a piping system known as a flare header or relief header to a central, elevated gas flare where it is burned, releasing naked combustion gases into

245-426: A pressure build-up in the piping system downstream of the relief valve. This often means that the relief valve will not re-seat once the set pressure is reached. For these systems often so-called "differential" relief valves are used. This means that the pressure is only working on an area that is much smaller than the area of the opening of the valve. If the valve is opened, the pressure has to decrease enormously before

280-583: A series of "whale belly" tank cars which offered increased capacity. These cars carried from 33,000 US gallons (125 m ; 27,478 imp gal) in CSOX #31084 to as much as 63,000 US gallons (238 m ; 52,458 imp gal) in GATX #96500, which had been conceived as a 'rolling experiment'. The largest tank car ever placed into regular service, UTLX #83699 , was rated at 50,000 US gallons (189 m ; 41,634 imp gal). It entered service in 1963 and

315-423: Is 20 feet (6.10 m) long, 8 feet (2.44 m) high and 8 feet (2.44 m) wide. The tank, which is made from stainless steel, is held within a box-shaped frame with the same shape as an intermodal container . This allows it to be carried on multiple modes of transport, such as truck, rail and ship. A torpedo car or bottle car is a type of railroad car used in steel mills to haul molten pig iron from

350-441: Is a type of railroad car (UIC: railway car) or rolling stock designed to transport liquid and gaseous commodities . The following major events occurred in the years noted: Many variants exist due to the wide variety of liquids and gases transported. Tank cars can be pressurized or non-pressurized, insulated or non-insulated, and designed for single or multiple commodities. Non-pressurized cars have various fittings on

385-560: Is built to a US standard. The design has been criticized on safety grounds. The train in the Lac-Mégantic derailment of 2013 was made up of 72 of these cars. DOT-112 tank cars are used in North America to carry pressurized gases. One of these tank cars exploded in Waverley, TN, killing 16, when a Louisville & Nashville train derailed. While the clean up efforts were under way, the tank car, UTLX 83013, ended up exploding from

SECTION 10

#1732776392054

420-452: Is expelled can be gas/vapor, liquid, or a mixture of the two – just as with a can of carbonated drink when it is suddenly opened. For chemical reactions, it requires extensive knowledge of both chemical reaction hazards and fluid flow. DIERS has investigated the two-phase vapor-liquid onset/disengagement dynamics and the hydrodynamics of emergency relief systems with extensive experimental and analysis work. Of particular interest to DIERS were

455-491: Is giving way to higher-capacity (longer), yet standard-width, AAR Plate "C" , cars. All tank cars undergo periodic inspection for damage and corrosion. Pressure relief valves are inspected at every loading. Pressurized cars are pressure-tested regularly to ensure the integrity of the tank. All tank cars operating throughout North America today feature AAR Type E double shelf couplers that are designed to prevent disengaging in event of an accident or derailment. This reduces

490-416: Is relieved by allowing the pressurized fluid to flow from an auxiliary passage out of the system. The relief valve is designed or set to open at a predetermined set pressure to protect pressure vessels and other equipment from being subjected to pressures that exceed their design limits. When the set pressure is exceeded, the relief valve becomes the " path of least resistance " as the valve is forced open and

525-405: Is usually stated as a percentage of set pressure and refers to how much the pressure needs to drop before the valve reseats. The blowdown can vary roughly 2–20%, and some valves have adjustable blowdowns. In high-pressure gas systems, it is recommended that the outlet of the relief valve be in the open air. In systems where the outlet is connected to piping, the opening of a relief valve will give

560-461: The AAR type "F" coupler is preferred as these are less likely to become separated in a derailment and become a puncture hazard for other tank cars. A type "E" coupler that has shelves over and under the coupler that prevent the coupler sliding out of position after a derailment is used on some hazardous materials tank cars. In addition, some types of tank cars have a second end plate visible from

595-725: The Pritzker family sold a 63.6 percent interest in Marmon Group to Berkshire Hathaway for $ 4.8 billion, with plans for Berkshire to acquire the remaining 36.4% over the course of the next 5–6 years; the sale of the remaining stake to Berkshire was completed by 2013. The following is a list of subsidiaries of the Marmon Group: https://www.kytrailer.com/News/Article/53/Berkshire-Hathaway-Completes-Acquisition-of-Alleghany-Corporation Tank car A tank car ( International Union of Railways (UIC): tank wagon ) or tanker

630-540: The United Kingdom tank wagons were traditionally four-wheel vehicles. Some long-wheelbase four-wheelers are still in use but bogie vehicles are now used as well. Pressure relief valve A relief valve or pressure relief valve ( PRV ) is a type of safety valve used to control or limit the pressure in a system; excessive pressure might otherwise build up and create a process upset, instrument or equipment failure, explosion, or fire. Excess pressure

665-403: The blast furnace to begin the process of primary steelmaking . The thermally-insulated vessel is mounted on trunnions , and designed to endure extremely high temperatures, as well as keeping the metal in a molten state over extended periods of time. The vessel can be pivoted along its longitudinal axis to empty the pig iron into a ladle . The name is derived from the vessel's resemblance to

700-869: The Design Institute for Emergency Relief Systems was a consortium of 29 companies under the auspices of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) that developed methods for the design of emergency relief systems to handle runaway reactions. Its purpose was to develop the technology and methods needed for sizing pressure relief systems for chemical reactors, particularly those in which exothermic reactions are carried out. Such reactions include many classes of industrially important processes including polymerizations, nitrations, diazotizations, sulphonations, epoxidations, aminations, esterifications, neutralizations, and many others. Pressure relief systems can be difficult to design, not least because what

735-472: The Linde tank car depicted below carries liquefied argon . Cars designed for multiple commodities are constructed of two or more tanks (compartments). Each compartment must have separate fittings. The lower capacity and added complexity of multicompartment cars means that they make up a small percentage of the tank car inventory. The DOT-111 tank car, designed to carry liquids such as denatured fuel ethanol ,

SECTION 20

#1732776392054

770-710: The United States and Procor in Canada. Berkshire Hathaway acquired controlling interest in Marmon in 2007 and became sole owner in 2013. In 1953, Jay Pritzker and Robert Pritzker acquired Colson Corporation, a struggling manufacturer of casters, bicycles, navy rockets, and wheelchairs with sales of $ 3 million. The name of the company was changed to Marmon Group in 1964, after the acquisition of Marmon-Herrington . Major acquisitions by Marmon Group have included Cerro Corporation (1976) and TransUnion (1981). In 2008,

805-414: The atmosphere. In non-hazardous systems, the fluid is often discharged to the atmosphere by a suitable discharge pipework designed to prevent rainwater ingress which can affect the set lift pressure, and positioned not to cause a hazard to personnel. As the fluid is diverted, the pressure inside the vessel will stop rising. Once it reaches the valve's reseating pressure, the valve will close. The blowdown

840-447: The car could certainly carry a load in both directions, the limited tank size made this unsuccessful. A large percentage of tank cars are owned by companies serviced by railroads instead of the railroads themselves. This can be verified by examining the reporting marks on the cars. These marks invariably end in X , meaning that the owner is not a common carrier . Within the rail industry, tank cars are grouped by their type and not by

875-448: The cargo carried. Food-service tank cars may be lined with stainless steel , glass, or plastic. Tank cars carrying dangerous goods are generally made of different types of steel, depending on the intended cargo and operating pressure. They may also be lined with rubber or coated with specialized coatings for tank protection or product purity purpose. The tank heads are also stronger to prevent ruptures during accidents. The whale-belly type

910-402: The chance of couplers puncturing adjacent tank cars. However, if cars are prevented from disengaging in a derailment, the torsional forces of a derailing car can be transferred to other cars, resulting in the derailment of the adjacent cars. Insulated cars (which may also incorporate heating or refrigeration systems) are used when the contents must be kept at a certain temperature. For example,

945-777: The exterior, to further avoid end punctures. It is also preferable if each tap (valve) is recessed within the body of the tank so as to present a reduced knock-off hazard during a derailment. Tank cars have been involved in many rail disasters, including the Lac-Mégantic derailment in Quebec in 2013, the Nishapur train disaster in Iran in 2004, and the Viareggio train derailment in Italy in 2009. Outside of North America , tank cars are also known as tank wagons or tanker wagons . In

980-519: The overpressurization of fire hoses . In other cases, equipment must be protected against being subjected to an internal vacuum (i.e., low pressure) that is lower than the equipment can withstand. In such cases, vacuum relief valves are used to open at a predetermined low-pressure limit and to admit air or an inert gas into the equipment to control the amount of vacuum. In the petroleum refining , petrochemical and chemical manufacturing , natural gas processing and power generation industries,

1015-457: The prediction of two-phase flow venting and the applicability of various sizing methods for two-phase vapor-liquid flashing flow. DIERS became a user's group in 1985. European DIERS Users' Group (EDUG) is a group of mainly European industrialists, consultants and academics who use the DIERS technology. The EDUG started in the late 1980s and has an annual meeting. A summary of many of key aspects of

1050-404: The tank contents from the tank shell. Care is taken to ensure that tank contents are compatible with tank construction. As a result of this specialization, tank cars have generally been "one-way" cars. Other cars, like boxcars , can easily be reloaded with other goods for the return trip. Combinations of the two types were attempted, such as boxcars with fluid tanks slung beneath the floors. While

1085-686: The term relief valve is associated with the terms pressure relief valve ( PRV ), pressure safety valve ( PSV ) and safety valve : In most countries, industries are legally required to protect pressure vessels and other equipment by using relief valves. Also in most countries, equipment design codes such as those provided by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), American Petroleum Institute (API) and other organizations like ISO (ISO 4126) must be complied with and those codes include design standards for relief valves. The main standards, laws, or directives are: Formed in 1977,

Marmon Group - Misplaced Pages Continue

1120-453: The top and may have fittings on the bottom. Some of the top fittings are covered by a protective housing. Pressurized cars have a pressure plate, with all fittings, and a cylindrical protective housing at the top. Loading and unloading are done through the protective housing. Tank cars are specialized pieces of equipment. As an example, the interior of the car may be lined with a material, such as glass , or other specialized coatings to isolate

1155-418: The valve closes and also the outlet pressure of the valve can easily keep the valve open. Another consideration is that if other relief valves are connected to the outlet pipe system, they may open as the pressure in the exhaust pipe system increases. This may cause undesired operation. In some cases, a so-called bypass valve acts as a relief valve by being used to return all or part of the fluid discharged by

1190-532: Was a specialized type of tank car designed to carry pickles . This car consisted of several wooden or metal vats (typically three or four) and was often roofed. Pickles which are preserved in salt brine were loaded through hatches in the roof. A tank container, also known as ISO tank, is a specialized type of container designed to carry bulk liquids, such as chemicals, liquid hydrogen , gases and food grade products. Both hazardous and non hazardous products can be shipped in tank containers. A standard tank container

1225-535: Was used for over 20 years. GATX 96500 is now on display at the National Museum of Transportation in Saint Louis, Missouri . This car is 98 feet (29.87 m) long, weighs 175,000 lb (79,400 kg) empty and rides on four two- axle trucks for weight distribution. It transported diverse substances, such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and anhydrous ammonia . Where AAR couplers are fitted,

#53946