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45-476: Welsh School may refer to: Education in Wales Welsh School (security studies) , or emancipatory realism Welsh School of Architectural Glass , of Swansea Metropolitan University Welsh School of Architecture , of Cardiff University See also [ edit ] All pages with titles beginning with Welsh School Topics referred to by

90-718: A first or second language are compulsory whilst some schools may also make other subjects compulsory. Pupils in secondary school take part in the compulsory GCSE and the non-compulsory A-level or BTEC qualifications at ages 15/16 and 17/18 respectively. Since 2007 the Welsh Baccalaureate Qualification has also been available as an option although it was ungraded until 2015. In 2014/15 there were 207 secondary schools (a drop of six since 2013/14) in Wales with 182,408 pupils and 11,269 FTE teachers (a drop of 310 since 2013/14). The pupil/teacher ratio

135-524: A report in 1967 . In 1988, a more centralised curriculum was introduced, but there have been moves away from that in Wales since devolution . Infant teaching in Ireland initially moved in a similar child-centred direction. Following Irish independence , a return was initially made to rote learning with the aim of reviving the Irish language , though this was reversed from 1948. The term infant school

180-711: A charity with close oversight from the local authority, the Voluntary aided schools are owned by a charity with a greater degree of self-governance and the Foundation school is owned by a governing body or charity organisation with limited local authority oversight. In the second and third case the charity is usually a religious organisation, typically the Church in Wales or the Roman Catholic Church . The curriculum being rolled out in Wales from 2022 onwards

225-406: A half. This age was traditionally much earlier than in most other Western nations, but in recent years many European countries have lowered their age of compulsory education, usually by making one or more years of kindergarten compulsory. In 2014/15, there were 1,330 primary schools in Wales with 273,400 pupils and 12,240 full-time equivalent (FTE) teachers. The teacher/pupil ratio was 1:22 and

270-675: A lower age limit, just stating "usually under seven years of age". A UK government document published in 2013 described "infant (5 to 7 or 8)" as the middle phase of primary education in England and Wales but commented that "in Scotland and Northern Ireland there is generally no distinction between infant and junior schools." In the Republic of Ireland, the first two years of regular primary school are known as "junior infants" and "senior infants", and infant or junior primary schools take in

315-552: A manner based on play to more formal instruction is a matter debated among academics. Some studies suggest that an early start can have benefits, but many suggest it has a neutral or negative effect in the long term. In England, the shift takes place when children move from the Early Years Foundation Phase to Key Stage 1 at five years. Beyond that age, government policy encourages a focus on formal instruction in reading, writing and mathematics. In many countries

360-480: A similar level of academic attainment to other children. At the same time, there were 28 separate infant schools in Wales. The final separate infant school in Scotland closed in July 2024. The first year at school, attended by four and five year olds, is called Reception in England and integrated into preschool education . The following two years, covering five to seven year olds, are known as Key Stage 1 . In Wales,

405-433: A small segment of the population. In the 17th and 18th Centuries significant efforts were made, mainly by charitable causes, to expand access to basic education. In the 19th Century a state education system developed. By the end of the period education had become free and compulsory for children aged 5- to 12-years-old. Further increases to the school leaving age and the development of a system of secondary schools led by

450-439: A total of 10,140 full-time and part-time staff. Unlike in England, where state schools are increasingly run in an Academy model where they are funded directly by the central government, state schools in Wales are overseen by local authorities . Local authority funded or maintained schools come in various different models. The Community school is owned and run by the local authority, the Voluntary controlled schools are owned by

495-476: A week in publicly funded nursery education. Nursery lessons are focused on developing children's abilities in a variety of areas such as creativity, communication and general knowledge however, at this age, learning to read and write is not yet considered a priority. Depending on their parents economic and employment status children in this age-range may be eligible for up to twenty additional hours of state-subsidised childcare each week. According to statistics for

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540-542: A year in fees, and are generally entitled to student loans and grants depending on their family's economic situation for maintenance. The state does not control syllabi, but it does influence admission procedures and monitors standards through the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales . In England, Wales and Northern Ireland all qualifications can be compared on a scale beginning with entry level and then followed by eight numbered levels, 1

585-445: Is delivered by sessional day care settings (20%), full day care settings (17%), out of school care settings (10%), open access play provision (1%) and crèches (0.5%)." The Welsh government is planning to introduce universal state funded childcare for two-year-old children by the mid-2020s. Currently, only the most disadvantaged toddlers in this age group and those in some more deprived areas are entitled to 12.5 hours of care provided by

630-530: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Education in Wales This article provides an overview of education in Wales from early childhood to university and adult skills . Largely state-funded and freely accessible at a primary and secondary level, education is compulsory for children in Wales between ages 5-16 years old. It differs to some extent in structure and content to other parts of

675-473: Is in order to allow Welsh medium schools and nurseries to immerse young children in the language as much as possible. In the later years of primary school, the curriculum at Welsh medium schools continues to be mostly (70% or more) taught in Welsh whilst at secondary level all subjects other than English are taught in Welsh. However, as they get older, students in Welsh medium education are required to work towards

720-412: Is intended to give individual schools more control over the instruction they provide and the autonomy to develop their own curricula within a basic set of guidelines. In 2014, there were four formal education consortia in Wales covering: The role of Education Consortia is to assist in school improvement in their respective regions. This includes areas such as the effectiveness of schools leadership,

765-488: Is provided by 15 FE institutions in 2014/15 and a range of public, private and voluntary sector training providers, such as the Workers' Educational Association . Colleges vary in size and mission, and include general FE, tertiary and specialist institutions, including one Roman Catholic Sixth Form College and a residential adult education college. Many colleges offer leisure learning and training programmes designed to meet

810-433: Is the equivalent of a weaker pass grade at GCSE and 8 the equivalent of a doctorate . Undergraduate degrees typically the first higher education qualifications available are usually level 4, 5 or 6. Students will generally need A-Levels or an equivalent at a certain grade to enroll on them but may be able to do a foundation year prior to starting if their grades are weaker. There are various types of undergraduate degree but

855-499: Is used in the United Kingdom. It might refer to a separate school or a department within a larger school. Dictionaries give various age ranges for this phase of education. Cambridge describes infant schools as "for children who are four to seven years old". Collins defines them as "for children between the ages of five and seven". Merriam-Webster uses the age range from "five to seven or eight". Oxford does not give

900-439: The "taught" degree which conducted more in the style of an undergraduate degree and "research" degree where the student directs their own study of a self-chosen question in a more independent manner. A master's degree is the highest level of qualification. In 2014/15 there were 145,735 enrolments at HE institutions in Wales, including 97,900 first degree and other undergraduates and 27,780 postgraduates. Welsh HE institutions had

945-588: The 2021/2022 school year most state-funded primary schools in Wales and all separate infant schools included nursery provision. There were also eight separate nursery schools which are owned and run by the Local authority. The hours of state-funded childcare a child is entitled to can also be provided by other childcare facilities. According to a 2018 report, there were 4,012 such facilities registered in 2016, it also noted that "The majority of childcare providers are childminders (52%). The remaining childcare provision

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990-421: The 20th century the language gradually gained a more prominent role in the education system. A significant minority of students in Wales are educated largely through the medium of Welsh : in 2014/15, 15.7% of children and young people received Welsh-medium education – a drop from the 15.9% in 2010/11. An additional 10% attended schools in which significant portion of the curriculum is bilingual. The study of

1035-479: The United Kingdom, in the later case particularly in relation to the teaching of the Welsh language . State-funded nursery education is typically offered from age three. Children usually enter fulltime primary school at age four, enter secondary school at age eleven and take their GCSEs at age 16. After that, young people have the option of staying at school to study A-levels or enrolling in further education . From

1080-480: The Welsh language is available to all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges, and universities, and in adult education. Though, involvement is fairly limited above secondary school level. The study of the language is compulsory for all pupils in State Schools until the age of 16. Educational institutions have flexibility over how much English children are taught prior to the age of seven. This

1125-546: The academic abilities of adolescents around the world. The 2018 tests saw Wales' results improving but remaining the weakest of the four education systems of the UK in all subjects. Further education (FE) includes full- and part-time learning for people over compulsory school age, excluding higher education. Young people often enrol in FE as an alternative to staying at school after the age of 16. FE and publicly funded training in Wales

1170-443: The age of 18, they might enroll at university. Formal education was originally a luxury, then provided by charity and later through the state. Universal primary education was established by the end of the 19th century and universal secondary education was reached by the mid 20th century. Attitudes to the Welsh language in education have varied overtime. Early forms of formal education were church or privately run and available to only

1215-436: The average class size was 26 pupils. In 2015/16, there were 276,950 pupils in 1,310 primary schools – a rise of 3,550 since 2014/15. In 2014/15, there were 435 Welsh-medium primary schools with 65,460 pupils, rising from 64,366 in 2013/14, but the number of Welsh-medium primary schools decreased from 444, due primarily to the closure of small rural schools. Universal free school meals were introduced in Wales for children in

1260-442: The change takes place when children are slightly older, though the divide is frequently blurred. The foundation phase was introduced in Wales in 2008 to move towards more informal learning for children up to seven years, in reaction to these debates. In the 2020s, there have been concerns that many children are starting school with limited ability to communicate and manage their personal care. Some experts have linked these issues to

1305-458: The creation of a somewhat distinctive education system. Wales has its own education inspectorate, qualifications regulator and curriculum. The money the Welsh government has to spend in devolved areas is broadly pegged to money the UK government spends in equivalent areas in England through a system called the Barnett formula . However, the devolved administrations are not obliged to spend

1350-488: The curriculum in the late 19th century. Beginning in 1905, infant education in England and Wales shifted towards more child-centred methods of teaching, where education was meant to reflect the preferences of children. Many of the youngest children, under five, who were considered ill-suited to school, were removed entirely, though some nursery classes were later attached to infant schools to cater to this age group. The child-centred approach reached its peak following

1395-625: The education children could receive before they left school to start work. They were valued by parents as a form of childcare. State-funded schools were advised in 1840 to include infant departments within their grounds. A similar process took place in Ireland after the establishment of a state education system there in 1831. As it was integrated into the state system, infant education in England, Ireland and Wales came under pressure to achieve quick academic progress in children and shifted towards rote learning . The new " kindergarten " methods of teaching young children had some limited influence on

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1440-546: The first year of primary school in September 2022. They are planned to be rolled out for all primary school children by 2024. Children typically transfer from primary to secondary school between schools years six and seven , when they are 11 years old. In school year nine (or sometimes eight ), pupils receive a chose of what subjects to continue their studies in, options must be available across multiple fields but vary between schools. Maths, English, Science and Welsh as

1485-417: The levels of attainment expected of school children are called progression steps. The first of these is expected to be reached at approximately five years and the second at around eight years. The first year of primary school in Scotland is part of Early Level that also includes nursery education . The next three years are called First Level. The question of when children should transition from learning in

1530-462: The mid 20th century to universal secondary education. Separate secondary schools for students of different academic abilities ended by 1980. Control over education policy was placed under the control of the devolved Welsh government in 1999. From the start of the January, April or September (whichever comes soonest) following a child's third birthday they become eligible for a minimum of ten hours

1575-453: The money they receive in the same policy area as it was spent in England (e.g. the equivalent to money spent on health in England could be spent on education in Wales). More broadly Wales's and the other UK education systems are all influenced by their interactions with reserved matters and coexistence within the United Kingdom. In the 19th century Welsh was often repressed by schools. In

1620-474: The most common is a Bachelor's degree which generally takes three years to complete and involves studying one or sometimes two subjects in detail. It is a level 6 qualification. A postgraduate degree is a level 7 or 8 qualification. It can typically only be completed after an undergraduate degree has been completed. It is generally focused on a more specific topic rather than the more general subject taught at undergraduate level. These generally come in two types

1665-767: The needs of business. In 2014/15 there were 263,315 FE students in Wales spanning the entire availability of FE at multiple placements, including FE, HE (higher education), LA (local authority) Community, and work-based learning. Adult Community learning is a form of adult education or lifelong learning delivered and supported by local authorities in Wales. Programmes can be formal or informal , non-accredited or accredited, and vocational, academic or leisure orientated. In 2018–2019, there were 23,970 learners in Local Authority Community Learning. Students normally enter higher education (HE) from 18 onwards. Undergraduate students contribute £9,000

1710-587: The quality of their teaching and pupils results. The South West and Mid Wales Consortia partially broke down in 2020 with Powys, Ceredigion and Neath Port Talbot all leaving. The former two councils then formed an informal partnership whilst Neath Port Talbot remained outside the Consortia system as of March 2022. The governance of education has been devolved in Wales since the creation of the Welsh assembly in 1999 along with other related policy areas such as Welsh language policy and local government. This has led to

1755-420: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Welsh School . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Welsh_School&oldid=961043369 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1800-597: The same tests and qualifications in the English language as their counterparts who were primarily educated in English. Infant school The first infant school was founded in New Lanark , Scotland, in 1816. It was followed by other philanthropic infant schools across the United Kingdom. Early childhood education was a new concept at the time and seen as a potential solution to social problems related to industrialisation . Numerous writers published works on

1845-726: The same year, there were 4 Welsh-medium middle schools (a rise of 2 since 2013/14) with 2,448 pupils, a rise from 1,577 in 2013/14. In 2016, 60.3% of Year 11 pupils (aged 16) achieved the Level 2 inclusive threshold (Level 2 including a grade A*-C in English or Welsh first language and Mathematics). 35.6% of pupils eligible for FSM (free school meals) achieved the L2 inclusive threshold. 66.9% of pupils achieved A*-C in maths. 70.4% of pupils achieved A*-C in either English or Welsh first language. Wales has often performed poorly in PISA results, which compare

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1890-463: The state. A child's age on 1 September determines the point of entry into the relevant stage of education. Education is compulsory beginning with the term following the child's fifth birthday, but may take place at either home or school. Most parents choosing to educate through school-based provision, however, enrol their children in the reception year in September of that school year, with most children thus beginning school at age four or four and

1935-527: The subject and developed a theory of infant teaching. This included moral education , physical exercise and an authoritative but friendly teacher. The movement quickly spread across the British Empire , Europe and the United States. It was used by missionary groups in an effort to convert the empire's non-Christian subjects. In England and Wales, infant schools served to maximise

1980-458: The two infant class years and sometimes also the following year, "first class", or even the year after, "second class". In 2018, it was reported that about 10% of children in England attended separate infant schools or "first schools" (schools which take children up to eight or nine years). There were approximately 1,700 of these schools, 1,000 less than a decade earlier. An analysis suggested that children who attended these schools likely achieved

2025-482: Was 17:1, which has remained largely the same since 2000/01. In 2015/16, there were 178,650 pupils in 205 secondary schools – a drop of 3,700 since 2014/15. The same report found that in 2015/16, there were 8,000 pupils in 34 independent schools, 4,540 pupils in 32 independent special schools, and 730 pupils in 25 pupil referral units. In 2014/15, there were 50 Welsh-medium secondary (a drop of 2 since 2013/14) schools with 36,485 pupils, dropping from 37,400 in 2013/14. In

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