This is an accepted version of this page
33-1214: Coordinates : 40°59′32″N 73°51′36″W / 40.99222°N 73.86000°W / 40.99222; -73.86000 Cemetery in Westchester County, New York [REDACTED] This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Westchester Hills Cemetery" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( March 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) Westchester Hills Cemetery [REDACTED] Main office of Westchester Hills Cemetery [REDACTED] Details Established 1919 Location 400 Saw Mill River Road, Hastings-on-Hudson, New York , US Country United States Coordinates 40°59′32″N 73°51′36″W / 40.99222°N 73.86000°W / 40.99222; -73.86000 Type Jewish Owned by Stephen Wise Free Synagogue Find
66-505: A tan ϕ {\displaystyle \textstyle {\tan \beta ={\frac {b}{a}}\tan \phi }\,\!} ; for the GRS 80 and WGS 84 spheroids, b a = 0.99664719 {\textstyle {\tfrac {b}{a}}=0.99664719} . ( β {\displaystyle \textstyle {\beta }\,\!} is known as the reduced (or parametric) latitude ). Aside from rounding, this
99-460: A datum transformation such as a Helmert transformation , although in certain situations a simple translation may be sufficient. Datums may be global, meaning that they represent the whole Earth, or they may be local, meaning that they represent an ellipsoid best-fit to only a portion of the Earth. Examples of global datums include World Geodetic System (WGS 84, also known as EPSG:4326 ),
132-548: A Grave Westchester Hills Cemetery The Westchester Hills Cemetery is at 400 Saw Mill River Road in Hastings-on-Hudson , Westchester County , New York , approximately 20 miles north of New York City . It is a Jewish cemetery , and many well-known entertainers and performers are interred there. It was founded by the Stephen Wise Free Synagogue in 1919 when the synagogue acquired
165-468: A coordinate tuple like a cartesian coordinate system , the geographic coordinate system is not cartesian because the measurements are angles and are not on a planar surface. A full GCS specification, such as those listed in the EPSG and ISO 19111 standards, also includes a choice of geodetic datum (including an Earth ellipsoid ), as different datums will yield different latitude and longitude values for
198-608: A point on Earth's surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses (often called great circles ), which converge at the North and South Poles. The meridian of the British Royal Observatory in Greenwich , in southeast London, England, is the international prime meridian , although some organizations—such as
231-473: A region of the surface of the Earth. Some newer datums are bound to the center of mass of the Earth. This combination of mathematical model and physical binding mean that anyone using the same datum will obtain the same location measurement for the same physical location. However, two different datums will usually yield different location measurements for the same physical location, which may appear to differ by as much as several hundred meters; this not because
264-411: Is 6,367,449 m . Since the Earth is an oblate spheroid , not spherical, that result can be off by several tenths of a percent; a better approximation of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is where Earth's equatorial radius a {\displaystyle a} equals 6,378,137 m and tan β = b
297-480: Is 110.6 km. The circles of longitude, meridians, meet at the geographical poles, with the west–east width of a second naturally decreasing as latitude increases. On the Equator at sea level, one longitudinal second measures 30.92 m, a longitudinal minute is 1855 m and a longitudinal degree is 111.3 km. At 30° a longitudinal second is 26.76 m, at Greenwich (51°28′38″N) 19.22 m, and at 60° it
330-522: Is 15.42 m. On the WGS 84 spheroid, the length in meters of a degree of latitude at latitude ϕ (that is, the number of meters you would have to travel along a north–south line to move 1 degree in latitude, when at latitude ϕ ), is about The returned measure of meters per degree latitude varies continuously with latitude. Similarly, the length in meters of a degree of longitude can be calculated as (Those coefficients can be improved, but as they stand
363-456: Is known as a graticule . The origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km (390 mi) south of Tema , Ghana , a location often facetiously called Null Island . In order to use the theoretical definitions of latitude, longitude, and height to precisely measure actual locations on the physical earth, a geodetic datum must be used. A horizonal datum
SECTION 10
#1732780466950396-672: Is the exact distance along a parallel of latitude; getting the distance along the shortest route will be more work, but those two distances are always within 0.6 m of each other if the two points are one degree of longitude apart. Like any series of multiple-digit numbers, latitude-longitude pairs can be challenging to communicate and remember. Therefore, alternative schemes have been developed for encoding GCS coordinates into alphanumeric strings or words: These are not distinct coordinate systems, only alternative methods for expressing latitude and longitude measurements. Jonah Goldman Jonah John Goldman (August 29, 1906 – August 17, 1980)
429-465: Is used to precisely measure latitude and longitude, while a vertical datum is used to measure elevation or altitude. Both types of datum bind a mathematical model of the shape of the earth (usually a reference ellipsoid for a horizontal datum, and a more precise geoid for a vertical datum) to the earth. Traditionally, this binding was created by a network of control points , surveyed locations at which monuments are installed, and were only accurate for
462-481: The International Date Line , which diverges from it in several places for political and convenience reasons, including between far eastern Russia and the far western Aleutian Islands . The combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The visual grid on a map formed by lines of latitude and longitude
495-497: The 'Ghosts of Gershwins' " . New York Times . External links [ edit ] Westchester Hills Cemetery at Find a Grave [REDACTED] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Westchester Hills Cemetery . Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Westchester_Hills_Cemetery&oldid=1255371240 " Categories : 1919 establishments in New York (state) Cemeteries established in
528-502: The 1910s Cemeteries in Westchester County, New York Jewish cemeteries in New York (state) Hidden categories: Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Articles needing additional references from March 2020 All articles needing additional references Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata Coordinates on Wikidata Commons category link from Wikidata Pages using
561-526: The 1st or 2nd century, Marinus of Tyre compiled an extensive gazetteer and mathematically plotted world map using coordinates measured east from a prime meridian at the westernmost known land, designated the Fortunate Isles , off the coast of western Africa around the Canary or Cape Verde Islands , and measured north or south of the island of Rhodes off Asia Minor . Ptolemy credited him with
594-506: The Earth's surface move relative to each other due to continental plate motion, subsidence, and diurnal Earth tidal movement caused by the Moon and the Sun. This daily movement can be as much as a meter. Continental movement can be up to 10 cm a year, or 10 m in a century. A weather system high-pressure area can cause a sinking of 5 mm . Scandinavia is rising by 1 cm a year as a result of
627-729: The European ED50 , and the British OSGB36 . Given a location, the datum provides the latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } and longitude λ {\displaystyle \lambda } . In the United Kingdom there are three common latitude, longitude, and height systems in use. WGS 84 differs at Greenwich from the one used on published maps OSGB36 by approximately 112 m. The military system ED50 , used by NATO , differs from about 120 m to 180 m. Points on
660-536: The French Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière —continue to use other meridians for internal purposes. The prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres , although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E. This is not to be conflated with
693-1739: The Guggenheim Museum Sidney Hillman (1887–1946), first president of Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America Judy Holliday (1921–1965), actress Allyn King (1899–1930), Broadway actress and former Ziegfeld Follies performer Richard Lindner (1901–1976), German-American painter Lucille Lortel (1900–1999), actress and producer Arnold Newman (1918–2006), photographer Roberta Peters (1930–2017), opera singer Tony Randall (1920–2004), actor Max Reinhardt (1873–1943), producer and director Billy Rose (1899–1966), Broadway producer A. M. Rosenthal (1922–2006), Pulitzer Prize–winning journalist Robert Rossen (1908–1966), motion picture director and screenwriter Ron Silver (1946–2009), American actor, director, and producer Lee Strasberg (1901–1982), actor-teacher Paula Strasberg (1909–1966), actress-teacher Irving Sturm (1932–2010), founder of Iridium Jazz Club and Ellen's Stardust Diner Maxine Sullivan (1911–1987), American jazz vocalist and performer David Susskind (1920–1987), Emmy award-winning producer Laurence Tisch (1923–2003), head of CBS and co-founder of Loews, brother of Preston Preston Robert Tisch (1926–2005), financier and business magnate, brother of Laurence Rabbi Stephen Wise (1874–1949), religious leader Louise Waterman Wise (1874–1947), social worker and artist, wife of Stephen Wise Alexandra Pregel (1907–1984), Russian-American artist Boris Pregel (1893–1976), scientist-physicist References [ edit ] ^ Klein, Alvin (16 October 1983). "Musical – Historical Sleuth Tracks
SECTION 20
#1732780466950726-507: The Kartographer extension Geographic coordinate system A geographic coordinate system ( GCS ) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude . It is the simplest, oldest and most widely used of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others. Although latitude and longitude form
759-577: The center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels , as they are parallel to the Equator and to each other. The North Pole is 90° N; the South Pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the Equator , the fundamental plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The Equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres . The longitude λ of
792-649: The default datum used for the Global Positioning System , and the International Terrestrial Reference System and Frame (ITRF), used for estimating continental drift and crustal deformation . The distance to Earth's center can be used both for very deep positions and for positions in space. Local datums chosen by a national cartographical organization include the North American Datum ,
825-490: The distance they give is correct within a centimeter.) The formulae both return units of meters per degree. An alternative method to estimate the length of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is to assume a spherical Earth (to get the width per minute and second, divide by 60 and 3600, respectively): where Earth's average meridional radius M r {\displaystyle \textstyle {M_{r}}\,\!}
858-474: The full adoption of longitude and latitude, rather than measuring latitude in terms of the length of the midsummer day. Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography used the same prime meridian but measured latitude from the Equator instead. After their work was translated into Arabic in the 9th century, Al-Khwārizmī 's Book of the Description of the Earth corrected Marinus' and Ptolemy's errors regarding
891-781: The length of the Mediterranean Sea , causing medieval Arabic cartography to use a prime meridian around 10° east of Ptolemy's line. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes ' recovery of Ptolemy's text a little before 1300; the text was translated into Latin at Florence by Jacopo d'Angelo around 1407. In 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference , attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt
924-461: The location has moved, but because the reference system used to measure it has shifted. Because any spatial reference system or map projection is ultimately calculated from latitude and longitude, it is crucial that they clearly state the datum on which they are based. For example, a UTM coordinate based on WGS84 will be different than a UTM coordinate based on NAD27 for the same location. Converting coordinates from one datum to another requires
957-595: The longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich , England as the zero-reference line. The Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911. The latitude ϕ of a point on Earth's surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through (or close to)
990-463: The melting of the ice sheets of the last ice age , but neighboring Scotland is rising by only 0.2 cm . These changes are insignificant if a local datum is used, but are statistically significant if a global datum is used. On the GRS 80 or WGS 84 spheroid at sea level at the Equator, one latitudinal second measures 30.715 m , one latitudinal minute is 1843 m and one latitudinal degree
1023-876: The northern portion of the Mount Hope Cemetery. Notable interments [ edit ] Barricini family, boxed candy makers Charles E. Bloch (1927–2006), President Bloch Publishing Company Mischa Elman (1891–1967), violinist I. J. Fox (1888–1947), notable furrier Joyce Pinn Fox (1931–2020), banking executive Captain George Fried (1877–1949), won Navy Cross for rescue of ships Antinoe , and Florida Stanley P. Friedman (1925–2006), writer John Garfield (1913–1952), actor George Gershwin (1898–1937), composer Ira Gershwin (1896–1983), lyricist Jonah Goldman (1906–1980), baseball player Ben Grauer (1908–1977), television and radio personality Guggenheim family , founders of
Westchester Hills Cemetery - Misplaced Pages Continue
1056-512: The same location. The invention of a geographic coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene , who composed his now-lost Geography at the Library of Alexandria in the 3rd century BC. A century later, Hipparchus of Nicaea improved on this system by determining latitude from stellar measurements rather than solar altitude and determining longitude by timings of lunar eclipses , rather than dead reckoning . In
1089-762: Was an American Major League Baseball shortstop who played for three seasons. He played with the Cleveland Indians for seven games during the 1928 Cleveland Indians season , 111 games during the 1930 Cleveland Indians season , and 30 games during the 1931 Cleveland Indians season . He was born in Brooklyn, New York , and was Jewish. He attended Erasmus Hall High School in Brooklyn, and Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York . This biographical article relating to an American baseball shortstop
#949050