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25-406: White Ruthenians may refer to: inhabitants of the historical region of White Ruthenia in general historical and exonymic term for Belarusians See also [ edit ] Ruthenia (disambiguation) Ruthenian (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

50-457: A French translation of J.R. Seeley 's Expansion of England , and in the preface he laid great emphasis on the enormous increase of power brought to England by the possession of her colonies, seeing in this a lesson for France. He was anxious to see the rise of a Greater France, on the model of Greater Britain, and it was with this idea that he undertook to present to the public a series of essays written by famous explorers or political men, under

75-591: A book ( Jules Ferry , 1903), which is a valuable testimony to the efforts made by France to organize public education and found a colonial empire; but this fidelity also won him some enemies, who succeeded for some time in preventing him from becoming a member of the Institute . He was finally elected a member of the Académie des Sciences morales et politiques on 11 December 1897 in place of the duc d'Aumale , of whose life he wrote an account (vol. xxii., 2nd series, of

100-783: Is near the Black River is called Black; and that which is near the Red River is called Red. ( Questa distinction che si fata de rossia biancha, negra e rossa non ha altra cason cha questa, çoè quela parte de rossia che é de qua dal mar biancho se chiama biancha, quela ch'ê de là dal fiume negro se chiama negra e quela ch'ê de là dal fiume rosso se chiama rossa ). Many other variations of this name appeared on ancient maps; for instance, Russia Alba, Russija Alba, Wit Rusland, Weiß Reußen (Weißreußen), White Russia, Hviterussland, Hvíta Rússland, Weiß Russland (Weißrussland), Ruthenia Alba, Ruthénie Blanche and Weiß Ruthenien (Weißruthenien) . The name

125-657: Is still accepted as a good authority, and caused Rambaud to be hailed as a master on the Byzantine period; but with the exception of one article on Digenis Acritas , in the Revue des deux mondes (1875), and one other on Michael Psellus , in the Revue Historique (vol. iii., 1876), Rambaud's researches were diverted towards other parts of the East: The Franco-Prussian War inspired him with

150-588: Is that the color of the clothes of the White Ruthenians (perhaps as well as the color of their hair) may have contributed to the name. Oleg Trubachyov calls both theories "complete fantasies". Also, the 16th century chronicler Alexander Guagnini 's book Sarmatiae Europeae descriptio wrote that Rus' was divided in three parts. The first part, under the rule of the Muscovite Grand Duke, was called White Ruthenia . The second one, under

175-800: The Minsk , Mścisław , Połock , Smolensk and Witebsk voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (before the Partitions of Poland ), or the Mogilev Governorate , eastern parts of the Minsk and Vitebsk Governorates, the western half of the Smolensk Governorate , and the northern part of the Chernihiv Governorate , i.e. the central, northern and eastern parts of modern Belarus, and

200-571: The École Normale Supérieure , he completed his studies in Germany . He was one of that band of young scholars, among whom were also Ernest Lavisse , Gabriel Monod and Gaston Paris , whose enthusiasm was aroused by the principles and organization of scientific study as applied beyond the Rhine, and who were ready to devote themselves to their cherished plan of remodelling higher education in France . He

225-571: The 1712 map of French cartographer Henri Chatelain "Russie noire" (Black Ruthenia) is placed in region of Eastern Galicia (today Western Ukraine ), which traditionally known as "Russie rouge" ( Red Ruthenia ). Vasmer's dictionary mentions the dichotomy of "white" land and "taxed" land in Domostroy and speculates that "white" Rus' may have referred to the parts of Kievan Rus' that were not conquered by Golden Horde . Another speculation in Vasmer

250-463: The 3rd Archeological Congress that was held in Kiev, and wrote a report on it for the "Revue des Deux Mondes". On his return, he published La Russie épique , a study of the dumas , Ukrainian epic songs (1876), a short but excellent Histoire de la Russie depuis les origines jusqu'à l'année 1877 (1878; 5th ed., 1900), Français et Russes, Moscou et Sévastopol 1812–1854 (1876; 2nd ed., 1881), and finally

275-526: The Grand Duke of Lithuania Algirdas . On the world Fra Mauro map (1459), the territory of Novgorod - Moscow Rus' between Volga and White Sea is called White Russia (Rossia Biancha). This map gives the following explanation: This distinction, which is made between White, Black and Red Rus' has no other reason than that that part of Russia that is near the White Sea is called White; that which

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300-686: The first time the term "White Rus'" is found in the Rostov chronicles in the year 1135 , where the lands of Rostov-Suzdal Principality were mentioned. Referring to the publications of the Pole Maciej Stryjkowski , Persian and other Eastern peoples who called the Russian princes "ak-padishah"(white tsar), and the state "Ak-Urus" (White Rus), the historian in his narrative extends this name to all Vladimir-Rostov princes, starting with Yuri Dolgorukiy , and Andrei Bogolyubsky . He also calls

325-527: The general editorship of the Histoire générale du IVe siècle jusqu'à nos jours . The plan of this great work had been drawn up with the aid of Ernest Lavisse , but the entire supervision of its execution was carried out by Rambaud. He contributed to it himself some interesting chapters on the history of the East, of which he had a thorough knowledge. In 1885 Rambaud published, in collaboration with J. B. Baille ,

350-466: The governments of Vitepsk , Mohilef , and Minsk . The Lithuanian territories of Grodno, Novogrodek and Belostok were sometimes called Black Russia . An ethno-religious theory suggests that the name used to describe the part of old Ruthenian lands within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that had been populated mostly by Slavs who had been Christianized early, as opposed to Black Ruthenia , which

375-572: The idea for some courses of lectures which developed into books: La domination française en Allemagne ; les Français sur le Rhin , 1792–1804 (1873) and L'Allemagne sous Napoleon I. 1804–1811 (1874). He watched attentively the role played by Russia , and soon observed how much to the interest of France, a good entente with this power would be. He accordingly threw himself into the study of Russian history , staying in Russia in order to learn its language, institutions and customs. In 1874 he took part in

400-532: The lands controlled by them "White Rus'", and calls the princes "White Russians" or "grand dukes of White Russia". The praiseworthy songs composed in the second half of the 14th century by the Austrian poet Peter Suchenwirt tell how in 1349 , in the battle of Izborsk ("Eysenburk" in the poem), German knights faced "Weizzen Reuzzen" ("White Russians"). However, it is known that it was a squad of Pskov and Izborsk people, led by Georgy Viktorovich, voivode of

425-572: The rule of Polish king , was called Black Ruthenia . And the rest was Red Ruthenia . He also said Moscow was the center of White Rus' and the Russian metropolitanate , and that the Grand Duke of Moscow was called the White Czar , especially by his subjects. According to the late 19th-century Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland , White Ruthenia (Ruś Biała) constituted

450-503: The title White Ruthenians . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White_Ruthenians&oldid=1030435605 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages White Ruthenia Vasily Tatishchev believed that for

475-420: The title of La France coloniale, histoire, geographie, commerce (1886; 6th ed., 1893). Having become senator for the département of Doubs (1895–1902), Rambaud held the position of minister of Public Instruction from 29 April 1896 to 28 June 1898, and in that capacity endeavoured to carry on the educational work of Jules Ferry, to whose memory he always remained faithful. He dedicated to his former chief

500-527: The two important volumes on Russian diplomatic history in the Recueil des Instructions données aux ambassadeurs (vols. vii. and ix., 1890 and 1891). He was not improbably moved by considerations of foreign policy to publish his Russes et Prussiens, guerre de Sept Ans (1895), a popular work, though based on solid research. After teaching history in the Faculties of Arts at Caen (1871) and Nancy (1873), he

525-493: The western outskirts of modern Russia with Smolensk and Starodub . The largest cities in the region so defined today are Minsk , Gomel , Vitebsk , Mogilev , Smolensk and Babruysk . Alfred Nicolas Rambaud Alfred Nicolas Rambaud ( French pronunciation: [alfʁɛd nikɔla ʁɑ̃bo] ; 2 July 1842 – 10 November 1905) was a French historian. Alfred Nicolas Rambaud was born in Besançon . After studying at

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550-533: Was also assigned to various territories, often quite distant from that of present Belarus. According to Alfred Nicolas Rambaud : The name of White ( Lithuanian : Balta ) Russia is given to the provinces conquered from the 13th to the 14th century by the Grand Dukes of Lithuania . These were the ancient territories of the Krivitches , Polotchans , Dregovitches , Drevlians , Doulebes , now forming

575-827: Was appointed répétiteur at the École des Hautes Études on its foundation in 1868. His researches were at that time directed towards the Byzantine period of the Middle Ages , and to this period were devoted the two theses which he composed for his doctorate in letters, De byzantino hippodromo et circensibus factionibus (revised in French for the Revue des deux mondes , under the title of Le monde byzantin; le sport et l'hippodrome , 1871), and L'Empire grec au Xe siècle, Constantin Porphyrognete (1870). This latter work

600-574: Was called to the Sorbonne (1883), where he was the first to occupy the chair of contemporary history. By this time he had already entered into politics; he had been chef du cabinet of Jules Ferry (1879–1881), though this did not distract him from his literary work. It was under these conditions that he composed his Histoire de la civilisation française (2 vols., 1885, 1887; 9th ed., 1901) and his Histoire de la civilisation contemporaine en France (1888; new ed. entirely revised, 1906), and undertook

625-463: Was predominantly inhabited by pagan Balts . As stated by historian Andrej Kotljarchuk , the first person who called himself "Belarusian" was Calvinist writer Salomon Rysinski (Solomo Pantherus Leucorussus, ca 1569-1626). According to his words, he was born "in richly endowed with forests and animals Ruthenia near the border to frigid Muscovy" and doctorated at the University of Altdorf . On

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