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134-698: Touro Law Center has 36 full-time faculty members and 58 teaching adjunct faculty. Of the Touro graduates who took the New York bar for the first time in 2020, 70.7% passed, vs. an overall average of 85.7%. Touro Law Center is the only law school in Suffolk County, New York . After briefly beginning operations in Manhattan , the Law Center's first campus was established in the town of Huntington , which

268-526: A 6.9 percent margin, becoming the first Republican to carry the county since 1992. In 2020, Trump again won Suffolk County; this time, however, it was decided by just 232 votes out of nearly 800,000 votes cast, making it the closest county in the nation in terms of percentage margin, and representing nearly a seven-point swing towards the Democratic ticket of former Vice President Joe Biden and junior California senator Kamala Harris . In percentage terms, it

402-518: A Bar Examination 26 months after they begin their law school studies. In addition, Touro Law Center offers an accelerated JD program , referred to as a "three-plus-three" (BA/JD) program, with the University of Central Florida, and an accelerated JD Program which allows graduates of foreign law schools to earn a J.D. degree in two years. Touro Law Center offers four concentrations for J.D. candidates, an L.L.M program for U.S. law school graduates and

536-526: A Master of Laws in U.S. Legal Studies for foreign law graduates, and joint J.D./M.B.A, J.D./M.P.A., and J.D./M.S.W. programs with Touro College, State University of New York at Stony Brook, and LIU-Post. Touro Law Center has at times offered summer programs in Vietnam , Germany, Croatia , China, India, and Israel. Only the Vietnam program was offered for the summer of 2018. In 2011, when the Vietnam program

670-638: A crime. The local civil courts calendar small claims, evictions, and civil actions. Most non-criminal moving violation tickets issued in the 5 west towns are handled by the Traffic Violations Bureau, which is part of the New York State Department of Motor Vehicles , not the court system. School districts (all officially designated for grades K-12) include: Fire Island Lighthouse was an important landmark for many trans-Atlantic ships coming into New York Harbor in

804-659: A few years, his paper dominated the San Francisco market. Early in his career at the San Francisco Examiner, Hearst envisioned running a large newspaper chain and "always knew that his dream of a nation-spanning, multi-paper news operation was impossible without a triumph in New York". In 1895, with the financial support of his widowed mother (his father had died in 1891), Hearst bought the then failing New York Morning Journal , hiring writers such as Stephen Crane and Julian Hawthorne and entering into

938-530: A film company, Cosmopolitan Productions ; extensive New York City real estate; and thousands of acres of land in California and Mexico, along with timber and mining interests inherited from his father. Hearst promoted writers and cartoonists despite the lack of any apparent demand for them by his readers. The press critic A. J. Liebling reminds us how many of Hearst's stars would not have been deemed employable elsewhere. One Hearst favorite, George Herriman ,

1072-566: A four-year term, operates the two Suffolk County correctional facilities (in Yaphank and Riverhead ), provides county courthouse security and detention, service and enforcement of civil papers, evictions and warrants. The Sheriff's Office is also responsible for securing all county-owned property, such as county government office buildings, as well as the campuses of the Suffolk County Community College . As of 2008,

1206-640: A head-to-head circulation war with Joseph Pulitzer , owner and publisher of the New York World . Hearst "stole" cartoonist Richard F. Outcault along with all of Pulitzer's Sunday staff. Another prominent hire was James J. Montague , who came from the Portland Oregonian and started his well-known "More Truth Than Poetry" column at the Hearst-owned New York Evening Journal . When Hearst purchased

1340-738: A main span of 600 feet (200 m), with a clearance for boats of 60 feet (20 m). After crossing the State Boat Channel over its 665-foot (203 m)-long bascule bridge , the causeway meets the Ocean Parkway at a cloverleaf interchange. This interchange provides access to Captree State Park , Gilgo State Park and Jones Beach State Park . The Fire Island Inlet Bridge continues the two-lane road, one lane in each direction, across Fire Island Inlet to its terminus at Robert Moses State Park and The Fire Island Lighthouse. Robert Moses Causeway opened in 1964. Suffolk County has

1474-668: A number of villages, such as Amityville , Lloyd Harbor , Northport , and Westhampton Beach that maintain their own police forces. In 1994, the Village of Greenport voted to abolish its police department and turn responsibility for law and order over to the Southold police department. After the Long Island State Parkway Police was disbanded in 1980, all state parkways in Suffolk County became

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1608-499: A politically motivated "scare story". In the articles, written by Thomas Walker, to better serve Hearst's editorial line against Roosevelt's Soviet policy the famine was "updated": the impression was created of the famine continuing into 1934. In response, Louis Fischer wrote an article in The Nation accusing Walker of "pure invention" because Fischer had been to Ukraine in 1934 and claimed that he had not seen famine. He framed

1742-537: A program to earn a Juris Doctor (JD) degree or a Master of Laws (LLM) degree. Both full-time and part-time programs are available to students in the JD program. Touro Law Center is one of several law schools in New York State to offer a two-year accelerated JD program , in which accepted students fulfill their credit-requirements of study within 24 months, beginning with the summer of their first year, and sit for

1876-399: A record "unparalleled in the history of the world." The Journal's political coverage, however, was not entirely one-sided. Kenneth Whyte says that most editors of the time "believed their papers should speak with one voice on political matters"; by contrast, in New York, Hearst "helped to usher in the multi-perspective approach we identify with the modern op-ed page". At first he supported

2010-412: A report on its three-year study of the pilot program; the report concluded that consideration should be given to expanding the program either through increased observation opportunities or participation of students beyond their first year of law school. As of 2011, the program is a graduation requirement in which all first year students must participate, and upper-level students have the option of continuing

2144-607: A revenue peak about 1928, but the economic collapse of the Great Depression in the United States and the vast over-extension of his empire cost him control of his holdings. It is unlikely that the newspapers ever paid their own way; mining, ranching and forestry provided whatever dividends the Hearst Corporation paid out. When the collapse came, all Hearst properties were hit hard, but none more so than

2278-599: A series of elections. He narrowly failed in attempts to become mayor of New York City in both 1905 and 1909 and governor of New York in 1906, nominally remaining a Democrat while also creating the Independence Party . He was defeated for the governorship by Charles Evans Hughes . Hearst's unsuccessful campaigns for office after his tenure in the House of Representatives earned him the unflattering but short-lived nickname of "William 'Also-Randolph' Hearst", which

2412-475: A small town in Missouri. The elder Hearst later entered politics. He served as a U.S. Senator , first appointed for a brief period in 1886 and was then elected later that year. He served from 1887 to his death in 1891. His paternal great-grandfather was John Hearst of Ulster Protestant origin. John Hearst, with his wife and six children, migrated to America from Ballybay , County Monaghan, Ireland, as part of

2546-506: A study by the non-profit group ERASE Racism, which determined Suffolk and its neighboring county, Nassau, to be the most racially segregated suburbs in the United States. In 2006, there were 469,299 households, of which 37.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.00% were married couples living together, 10.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.20% were non-families. 18.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.80% had someone living alone who

2680-434: A style of popular journalism that came to be derided as " yellow journalism ", so named after Outcault's Yellow Kid comic. Pulitzer's World had pushed the boundaries of mass appeal for newspapers through bold headlines, aggressive news gathering, generous use of cartoons and illustrations, populist politics, progressive crusades, an exuberant public spirit and dramatic crime and human-interest stories. Hearst's Journal used

2814-482: A victory here in 1992, the county voted for Bill Clinton in 1996 and continued the trend by giving Al Gore an 11-percent victory in the county in 2000. 2004 Democratic candidate John Kerry won by a much smaller margin of under one percent, in 2008 Democratic candidate Barack Obama won by a slightly larger 6 percent margin, 52.5%-46.5%. In 2012, he carried the county by a slightly smaller margin 51%-47%. In 2016, Republican candidate Donald Trump won Suffolk County by

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2948-460: A whole, is Jayne's Hill in West Hills , at 401 feet (122 m) above sea level. This low lying-geography means that much of the county is vulnerable to sea level rise . Suffolk County sits at the convergence of climate zones including the humid continental ( Dfa ) and humid subtropical ( Cfa ), bordering closely on an oceanic climate (Cfb). The majority of the county by land area is in

3082-460: Is a diversity of citizenship. The District Court and the Town and Village Courts are the local courts of Suffolk County. There are more than 30 local courts, each with limited criminal and civil subject matter and geographic jurisdictions. The local criminal courts have trial jurisdiction over misdemeanors, violations and infractions; preliminary jurisdiction over felonies; and traffic tickets charging

3216-704: Is home to Stony Brook University in Stony Brook and Farmingdale State College in Farmingdale . Suffolk County was part of the Connecticut Colony before becoming an original county of the Province of New York , one of twelve created in 1683. From 1664 until 1683, it had been the East Riding of Yorkshire . Its boundaries were essentially the same as at present, with only minor changes in

3350-790: Is located in northwestern Suffolk County. In 2007, the Law Center moved to its current campus in Central Islip. The Central Islip campus, consisting of a four-story, 180,000-square-foot building, is located within walking distance of both the Alfonse M. D’Amato United States Courthouse and the John P. Cohalan State Court Complex, in which the Suffolk County District and Family Courts and the New York State Supreme Court sit. Students may enroll in either

3484-464: Is not an end in itself... [they believed] our emotions tend to ignite our intellects: a story catering to a reader's feelings is more likely than a dry treatise to stimulate thought." The two papers finally declared a truce in late 1898, after both lost vast amounts of money covering the Spanish–American War . Hearst probably lost several million dollars in his first three years as publisher of

3618-558: Is the claim, without any contemporary evidence, that the illustrator Frederic Remington , sent by Hearst to Cuba to cover the Cuban War of Independence , cabled Hearst to tell him all was quiet in Cuba. Hearst, in this canard, is said to have responded, "Please remain. You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war." Hearst was personally dedicated to the cause of the Cuban rebels, and

3752-798: The Detroit Times , the Seattle Post-Intelligencer , the Washington Times-Herald , the Washington Herald , and his flagship, the San Francisco Examiner . Hearst also diversified his publishing interests into book publishing and magazines. Several of the latter are still in circulation, including such periodicals as Cosmopolitan , Good Housekeeping , Town and Country , and Harper's Bazaar . In 1924, Hearst opened

3886-544: The New York Daily Mirror , a racy tabloid frankly imitating the New York Daily News . Among his other holdings were two news services, Universal News and International News Service , or INS, the latter of which he founded in 1909. He also owned INS companion radio station WINS in New York; King Features Syndicate , which still owns the copyrights of a number of popular comics characters;

4020-494: The New York Journal and fought a bitter circulation war with Joseph Pulitzer 's New York World . Hearst sold papers by printing giant headlines over lurid stories featuring crime, corruption, sex, and innuendos. Hearst acquired more newspapers and created a chain that numbered nearly 30 papers in major American cities at its peak. He later expanded to magazines, creating the largest newspaper and magazine business in

4154-570: The San Francisco Examiner , which his father had acquired in 1880 as repayment for a gambling debt. Giving his paper the motto "Monarch of the Dailies", Hearst acquired the most advanced equipment and the most prominent writers of the time, including Ambrose Bierce , Mark Twain , Jack London , and political cartoonist Homer Davenport . A self-proclaimed populist , Hearst reported accounts of municipal and financial corruption, often attacking companies in which his own family held an interest. Within

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4288-618: The Comstock Lode in land. In 1865 he purchased about 30,000 acres (12,000 ha), part of Rancho Piedra Blanca stretching from Simeon Bay and reached to Ragged Point. He paid the original grantee Jose de Jesus Pico USD$ 1 an acre, about twice the current market price. Hearst continued to buy parcels whenever they became available. He also bought most of Rancho San Simeon . In 1865, Hearst bought all of Rancho Santa Rosa totaling 13,184 acres (5,335 ha) except one section of 160 acres (0.6 km ) that Estrada lived on. However, as

4422-875: The Dfa zone. Summers are cooler at the east end than in the western part of the county. The hardiness zone is 7a, except in Copiague Harbor , Lindenhurst, and Montauk, where it is 7b. Average monthly temperatures in Hauppauge range from 31.0 °F (−0.6 °C) in January to 74.0 °F (23.3 °C) in July, and in the Riverhead town center they range from 30.1 °F (−1.1 °C) in January to 72.8 °F (22.7 °C) in July, which includes both daytime and nighttime temperatures. On February 9, 2013, Suffolk County

4556-625: The Journal (figures are impossible to verify), but the paper began turning a profit after it ended its fight with the World. Under Hearst, the Journal remained loyal to the populist or left wing of the Democratic Party. It was the only major publication in the East to support William Jennings Bryan in 1896. Its coverage of that election was probably the most important of any newspaper in

4690-443: The Journal did some of the most important and courageous reporting on the conflict—as well as some of the most sensationalized. Their stories on the Cuban rebellion and Spain's atrocities on the island—many of which turned out to be untrue —were motivated primarily by Hearst's outrage at Spain's brutal policies on the island. These had resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of innocent Cubans. The most well-known story involved

4824-491: The League of Nations . His newspapers abstained from endorsing any candidate in 1920 and 1924. Hearst's last bid for office came in 1922, when he was backed by Tammany Hall leaders for the U.S. Senate nomination in New York. Al Smith vetoed this, earning the lasting enmity of Hearst. Although Hearst shared Smith's opposition to Prohibition , he swung his papers behind Herbert Hoover in the 1928 presidential election. During

4958-683: The Russian Revolution of 1917 but later he turned against it. Hearst fought hard against Wilsonian internationalism , the League of Nations , and the World Court, thereby appealing to an isolationist audience. The Morning Journal's daily circulation routinely climbed above the 1 million mark after the sinking of the Maine and U.S. entry into the Spanish–American War, a war that some called The Journal ' s War, due to

5092-669: The U.S. House of Representatives . He ran unsuccessfully for President of the United States in 1904 , Mayor of New York City in 1905 and 1909 , and for Governor of New York in 1906 . During his political career, he espoused views generally associated with the left wing of the Progressive Movement , claiming to speak on behalf of the working class. After 1918 and the end of World War I, Hearst gradually began adopting more conservative views and started promoting an isolationist foreign policy to avoid any more entanglement in what he regarded as corrupt European affairs. He

5226-477: The "penny paper", so called because its copies sold for a penny apiece, the Journal was competing with New York's 16 other major dailies. It had a strong focus on Democratic Party politics. Hearst imported his best managers from the San Francisco Examiner and "quickly established himself as the most attractive employer" among New York newspapers. He was seen as generous, paid more than his competitors, and gave credit to his writers with page-one bylines. Further, he

5360-617: The 1904 Democratic nomination for president , losing to conservative Alton B. Parker . Breaking with Tammany in 1907, Hearst ran for mayor of New York City under a third party of his own creation, the Municipal Ownership League . Tammany Hall exerted its utmost to defeat him. An opponent of the British Empire , Hearst opposed American involvement in the First World War and attacked the formation of

5494-433: The 1920s Hearst was a Jeffersonian democrat . He warned citizens against the dangers of big government and against unchecked federal power that could infringe on individual rights. When unemployment was near 25 percent, it appeared that Hoover would lose his bid for reelection in 1932, so Hearst sought to block the nomination of Franklin D. Roosevelt as the Democratic challenger. While continuing to oppose Smith, he promoted

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5628-699: The 1936 election. The Hearst papers—like most major chains—had supported the Republican Alf Landon that year. While campaigning against Roosevelt's policy of developing formal diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, in 1935 Hearst ordered his editors to reprint eyewitness accounts of the Ukrainian famine (the Holodomor , which occurred in 1932–1933). These had been supplied in 1933 by Welsh freelance journalist Gareth Jones , and by

5762-516: The 2016 presidential election season, on September 26, 2016, making Hofstra the first college or university in the United States to host a presidential debate in three consecutive elections. The presence on the 2016 ticket of Westchester County resident Hillary Clinton and Manhattan resident Donald Trump resulted in greater attention by the candidates to the concerns of Long Island. Trump visited Long Island voters and donors at least four times while Clinton made one stop for voters and one additional stop in

5896-475: The 2018–19 academic year is $ 24,900 per semester and $ 18,605 per semester for part-time programs. Suffolk County, New York Suffolk County ( / ˈ s ʌ f ə k / SUF -ək ) is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of New York, constituting the eastern two-thirds of Long Island . It is bordered to its west by Nassau County , to its east by Gardiners Bay and the open Atlantic Ocean, to its north by Long Island Sound , and to its south by

6030-502: The 2023 general election, gaining a 12-6 supermajority. Police services in the five western towns ( Babylon , Huntington , Islip , Smithtown and Brookhaven ) are provided primarily by the Suffolk County Police Department . The five "East End" towns ( Riverhead , Southold , Shelter Island , East Hampton , and Southampton ), maintain their own police and other law enforcement agencies. Also, there are

6164-591: The American Bar Association. It began operations in a building located at 30 West 44th Street in Manhattan, New York City, which is now the home of the Penn Club of New York. In 1982, the law school moved to the town of Huntington in Suffolk County, New York and the building it occupied for twenty years, formerly Toaz Junior High School. At the time of its move to Huntington, Touro Law Center

6298-492: The American Sociological Association's Marxist Section Book Award in 2007. Matt DeSimone, a young adult from Southold, and his partner Jake Dominy unsuccessfully started a similar movement in the late 2010s. William Randolph Hearst William Randolph Hearst Sr. ( / h ɜːr s t / ; April 29, 1863 – August 14, 1951) was an American newspaper publisher and politician who developed

6432-648: The Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2020 United States census , the county's population was 1,525,920, its highest decennial count ever, making Suffolk the fourth-most populous county in the State of New York, and the most populous outside of the boroughs of New York City. Its county seat is Riverhead , though most county offices are in Hauppauge . The county was named after the county of Suffolk in England,

6566-539: The Cahans Exodus in 1766. The family settled in the Province of South Carolina . Their immigration there was spurred in part by the colonial government's policy that encouraged the immigration of Irish Protestants , many of Scots origin. The names "John Hearse" and "John Hearse Jr." appear on the council records of October 26, 1766, being credited with meriting 400 and 100 acres (1.62 and 0.40 km ) of land on

6700-676: The Center launched Touro's Community Justice Center in 2013, housing eight-ten start-up law firms owned by Touro alumni. The William Randolph Hearst William Randolph Hearst Public Advocacy Center (PAC), established in 2007, has 14 offices and houses on-campus non-profit legal service providers such as the Nassau/Suffolk Law Services Committee, Inc. (grant recipient of the Legal Services Corporation ), New York Civil Liberties Union , and

6834-462: The Class of 2017 is 20.3%, indicating the percentage of the Class of 2017 unemployed, pursuing an additional degree, or working in a non-professional, short-term, or part-time job nine months after graduation. For the graduating class of 2021, Touro's LST employment score of 59.1% is the lowest of any law school in New York state. The cost in tuition and fees for attending Touro Law Center full-time for

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6968-507: The Cuban crisis and the ensuing Spanish–American War is often cited as one of the most significant milestones in the rise of yellow journalism 's hold over the mainstream media. Huge headlines in the Journal assigned blame for the Maine's destruction on sabotage, which was based on no evidence. This reporting stoked outrage and indignation against Spain among the paper's readers in New York. The Journal's crusade against Spanish rule in Cuba

7102-414: The Cuban rebels, Gen. Calixto García , gave Hearst a Cuban flag that had been riddled with bullets as a gift, in appreciation of Hearst's major role in Cuba's liberation. In part to aid in his political ambitions, Hearst opened newspapers in other cities, among them Chicago, Los Angeles and Boston. In 1915, he founded International Film Service , an animation studio designed to exploit the popularity of

7236-710: The Democratic Party maintained control over the Suffolk County Legislature picking up one seat that had been held by an Independence Party member. In November 2013, the Republican Party gained the 14th district seat, but remained in the minority until 2021, when the GOP flipped the county legislature, picking up three seats with incumbents Robert Calarco (the sitting Presiding Officer) and Susan Berland (the sitting Majority Leader) losing their bids for re-election. The Suffolk GOP built on these gains in

7370-427: The Empire Justice Center (member of the Consumer Federation of America ); there are also additional off-campus member affiliates. Thomas Maligno has served as the Executive Director of the Public Advocacy Center since it opened. Touro Law Center was established and admitted its first class in the Fall of 1980. The first class graduated in Spring 1983, and in that same year, the Law Center was provisionally accredited by

7504-530: The Federal U.S. District Court, Eastern District of New York; and has various local municipal courts. The State Courts are divided into Supreme Court, which has general jurisdiction over all cases, and lower courts that either hear claims of a limited dollar amount, or of a specific nature. Similarly, the local courts hear claims of a limited dollar amount, or hear specific types of cases. The Federal Court has jurisdiction over Federal Claims, State Law claims that are joined with Federal claims, and claims where there

7638-646: The Hamptons for donors. After the 2022 midterm election results were counted, Suffolk appears to have moved further to the right. Republican gubernatorial candidate and Suffolk County native Lee Zeldin won the county by more than 17 points over the Democrat candidate Kathy Hochul. Republicans, as of 2023, hold both congressional districts covering that being New York's 1st congressional district represented by Nick LaLota and New York's 2nd congressional district represented by Andrew Garbarino . The 2023 election saw this trend continue, with Republican Edward P. Romaine defeating Democrat David Calone by 14 points to become

7772-410: The Hamptons. In his review, Howard Zinn wrote that the book "[t]akes us beyond the much-romanticized beaches of Long Island to the rich entrepreneurs and their McMansions, the Latino workers, and the stubborn indigenous residents refusing to disappear. The book is important because it is in so many ways a microcosm of the nation." The book won the Association for Humanist Sociology's 2005 Book Prize and

7906-432: The Long Canes in what became Abbeville District, based upon 100 acres (0.40 km ) to heads of household and 50 acres (0.20 km ) for each dependent of a Protestant immigrant; the "Hearse" spelling of the family name was never used afterward by the family members themselves, nor any family of any size. Hearst's mother, née Phoebe Elizabeth Apperson, was also of Scots-Irish ancestry; her family came from Galway . She

8040-453: The Nazis, and fired journalists who refused to write stories favourable of German fascism. Hearst's papers ran columns without rebuttal by Nazi leader Hermann Göring , Alfred Rosenberg , and Hitler himself, as well as Mussolini and other dictators in Europe and Latin America. After the systematic massive Nazi attacks on Jews known as Kristallnacht (November 9–10, 1938), the Hearst press, like all major American newspapers, blamed Hitler and

8174-410: The Nazis: "The entire civilized world is shocked and shamed by Germany's brutal oppression of the Jewish people," read an editorial in all Hearst papers. "You [Hitler] are making the flag of National Socialism a symbol of national savagery," read an editorial written by Hearst. During 1934, Japan / U.S. relations were unstable. In an attempt to remedy this, Prince Tokugawa Iesato travelled throughout

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8308-496: The New York state line 3 miles (5 km) south of Fire Island in the Atlantic Ocean. Some Suffolk County towns (Islip, Brookhaven, Southampton, East Hampton, Babylon, Huntington, Smithtown) also employ various bay constables and other local marine patrol, which are sworn armed peace officers with full arrest powers, providing back up to the Suffolk Police Marine Bureau as well as the United States Coast Guard . This includes Fire Island and parts of Jones Island barrier beaches and

8442-450: The Social Science Research Network. In 2013, Touro Law Center launched its SSRN Legal Studies Research Paper Series eJournal. The students and faculty of Touro Law Center currently publish four journals: According to Touro's 2018 ABA-required disclosures, 67.9% of the Class of 2016 had obtained full-time, long-term, JD-required employment by nine months after graduation. Touro Law Center's Law School Transparency under-employment score for

8576-469: The Suffolk County Sheriff's Office employed 275 Deputy Sheriffs, 850 corrections officers, and about 200 civilian staff. Suffolk County has a long maritime history with several outer barrier beaches and hundreds of square miles of waterways . The Suffolk Police Marine Bureau patrols the 500 square miles (1,000 km ) of navigable waterways within the police district, from the Connecticut and Rhode Island state line which bisects Long Island Sound to

8710-450: The Suffolk County website, the county is the leading agricultural county in the state of New York, saying that: "The weather is temperate, clean water is abundant, and the soil is so good that Suffolk is the leading agricultural county in New York State. That Suffolk is still number one in farming, even with the development that has taken place, is a tribute to thoughtful planning, along with the excellent soil, favorable weather conditions, and

8844-687: The United States on a goodwill visit. During his visit, Prince Iesato and his delegation met with William Randolph Hearst with the hope of improving relations between the two nations. In 1903, 40-year-old Hearst married Millicent Veronica Willson (1882–1974), a 21-year-old chorus girl, in New York City. The couple had five sons: George Randolph Hearst , born on April 23, 1904; William Randolph Hearst Jr. , born on January 27, 1908; John Randolph Hearst , born September 26, 1909; and twins Randolph Apperson Hearst and David Whitmire (né Elbert Willson) Hearst , born on December 2, 1915. Conceding an end to his political hopes, Hearst became involved in an affair with

8978-419: The bill. Also in February 2019, a court ruled against the Suffolk County jail in the case of a former inmate who was denied hormone replacement therapy by the jail's doctors. Documents introduced in the trial indicate 11 other inmates were also denied treatment. Suffolk County is part of the 10th Judicial District of the New York State Unified Court System ; is home to the Alfonse M. D'Amato Courthouse of

9112-497: The bottom, he [Hearst] drove the Journal and the penny press upmarket. The Journal was a demanding, sophisticated paper by contemporary standards." Though yellow journalism would be much maligned, Whyte said, "All good yellow journalists ... sought the human in every story and edited without fear of emotion or drama. They wore their feelings on their pages, believing it was an honest and wholesome way to communicate with readers", but, as Whyte pointed out: "This appeal to feelings

9246-443: The boundary with its western neighbor, which was originally Queens County but has been Nassau County since the separation of Nassau from Queens in 1899. During the American Revolutionary War , Great Britain occupied Suffolk County after the retreat of George Washington's forces in the Battle of Long Island , and the county remained under occupation until the British evacuation of New York on November 25, 1783. According to

9380-453: The census-estimated New York State population of 19,745,289 and 19.0% of the census-estimated Long Island population of 7,869,820. The population density in 2010 was 1,637 people per square mile (632 people/km ), with 569,985 households at an average density of 625 per square mile (241/km ). However, by 2012, with an estimated total population increasing moderately to 1,499,273 there were 569,359 housing units. As of 2006, Suffolk County

9514-404: The comic strips he controlled. The creation of his Chicago paper was requested by the Democratic National Committee . Hearst used this as an excuse for his mother Phoebe Hearst to transfer him the necessary start-up funds. By the mid-1920s he had a nationwide string of 28 newspapers, among them the Los Angeles Examiner , the Boston American , the Atlanta Georgian , the Chicago Examiner ,

9648-549: The country, attacking relentlessly the unprecedented role of money in the Republican campaign and the dominating role played by William McKinley 's political and financial manager, Mark Hanna , the first national party 'boss' in American history. A year after taking over the paper, Hearst could boast that sales of the Journal's post-election issue (including the evening and German-language editions) topped 1.5 million,

9782-430: The county had paid the victim $ 1.5 million in a settlement; it had also paid Burke more than $ 500,000 in benefits and salary while Burke was concealing his conduct. Trotta said that the faithless servant doctrine in New York common law gave him the power to claw back the compensation. The Suffolk County Legislature supported the suit unanimously. The following month Suffolk County Executive Steve Bellone signed

9916-539: The county legislature until a landmark election in November 2005 where three Republican seats switched to the Democrats, giving them control. In November 2007, the Democratic Party once again retained control over the Suffolk County Legislature, picking up one seat in the process. In November 2009, the Republican Party regained the seat lost in 2007 but remained in the minority for the 2010-2011 session. In November 2011,

10050-492: The county was $ 26,577. Using a weighted average from 2009 to 2014 about 6.40% of the population were below the poverty line In earlier censuses, the population below the poverty line included 2.70% of those under age 18 and 2.30% of those age 65 or over. In 2003, Democrat Steve Levy was elected county executive, ending longtime Republican control. In 2001, Democrat Thomas Spota was elected District Attorney, and ran unopposed in 2005. Although Suffolk voters gave George H. W. Bush

10184-523: The county. Since the New York state legislature created the New York State University Police in 1999, they are in charge of all law enforcement services for State University of New York property and campuses. The State University Police have jurisdiction in Suffolk County at Stony Brook University and Farmingdale State College. The Suffolk County Sheriff's Office is a separate agency. The sheriff, an elected official who serves

10318-492: The current Suffolk County would comprise a new county to be called Peconic County . Peconic County would consist of the five easternmost towns of Suffolk County: East Hampton , Riverhead , Shelter Island , Southampton and Southold , plus the Shinnecock Indian Reservation . The proposed Peconic County flag showed the two forks at the east end of Long Island separated by Peconic Bay. The star on

10452-424: The curriculum through coursework and court externships, clerkships, or pro bono projects. Touro Law Center's clinical program consists of legal clinics that specialize in the areas of: Touro Law Center also hosts the following Institutes and Centers: The International Justice Center for Post–Graduate Development serves as a national clearinghouse for the law-school based incubator movement. Led by Fred Rooney,

10586-455: The development of the construction project. Construction on the new campus began in March 2005, shortly after Glickstein's tenure ended. From 2004 to 2012, Lawrence Raful served as dean. During Raful's tenure, the construction of the Central Islip campus took place, opening in 2007. In 2012, Patricia Salkin was appointed the dean of the law school. She served until 2016, when she was promoted to

10720-503: The directives of an outside manager. Newspapers and other properties were liquidated, the film company shut down; there was even a well-publicized sale of art and antiquities. While World War II restored circulation and advertising revenues, his great days were over. The Hearst Corporation continues to this day as a large, privately held media conglomerate based in New York City. Hearst won two elections to Congress , then lost

10854-484: The disillusioned American Communist Fred Beal . The New York Times , content with what it has since conceded was "tendentious" reporting of Soviet achievements, printed the blanket denials of its Pulitzer Prize -winning Moscow correspondent Walter Duranty . Duranty, who was widely credited with facilitating the rapprochement with Moscow, dismissed the Hearst-circulated reports of man-made starvation as

10988-739: The early 20th century. For many European immigrants, the Fire Island Light was their first sight of land upon arrival in America. The Fire Island Inlet span of the Robert Moses Causeway connects to Robert Moses State Park on the western tip of Fire Island. The Great South Bay Bridge , the first causeway bridge, had only one northbound and one southbound lane, was opened to traffic in April 1954. The span of 2 miles (3 km) across Great South Bay to Captree Island features

11122-515: The extreme east of the State of New York. The eastern end of the county splits into two peninsulas , known as the North Fork and the South Fork . The county is surrounded by water on three sides, including the Atlantic Ocean and Long Island Sound , with 980 miles (1,580 km) of coastline. The eastern end contains large bays . The highest elevation in the county, and on Long Island as

11256-405: The film actress and comedian Marion Davies (1897–1961), former mistress of his friend Paul Block . From about 1919, he lived openly with her in California. After the death of Patricia Lake (1919/1923–1993), who had been presented as Davies's "niece," her family confirmed that she was Davies's and Hearst's daughter. She had acknowledged this before her death. Millicent separated from Hearst in

11390-503: The first American Bar Association inspection that led to its provisional national accreditation. Howard A. Glickstein served as the dean of the Law Center from 1986 to 2004. During Glickstein's tenure, the Law Center was accepted as a member of the American Association of Law Schools, which occurred in 1994. During his eighteen-year tenure, Glickstein also oversaw the initial plans for the Central Islip, New York campus and

11524-504: The imprisonment and escape of Cuban prisoner Evangelina Cisneros . While Hearst and the yellow press did not directly cause America's war with Spain, they inflamed public opinion in New York City to a fever pitch. New York's elites read other papers, such as the Times and Sun , which were far more restrained. The Journal and the World were local papers oriented to a very large working class audience in New York City. They were not among

11658-499: The island is near sea level, with over 1,000 miles of coastline. Like other parts of Long Island , the county's high population density and proximity to New York City has resulted in a diverse economy, including industry, science, agriculture, fishery, and tourism. Major scientific research facilities in Suffolk County include Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton and Plum Island Animal Disease Center on Plum Island . The county

11792-536: The islands of the Great South Bay . Marine units also respond to water and ice rescues on the inland lakes, ponds, and streams of the District. In February 2019, legislator Robert Trotta (R- Fort Salonga ) put forward a resolution to recover salary and benefits from James Burke, the county's former police chief. Burke had pled guilty to beating a man while in police custody and attempting to conceal it, and

11926-510: The mid-1920s after tiring of his longtime affair with Davies, but the couple remained legally married until Hearst's death. As a leading philanthropist, Millicent built an independent life for herself in New York City. She was active in society and in 1921 founded the Free Milk Fund for Babies. For decades, the fund provided New York's poverty-stricken families with free milk for children. George Hearst invested some of his fortune from

12060-411: The most lighthouses of any United States county, with 15 of its original 26 lighthouses still standing. Of these 15, eight are in Southold township alone, giving it more lighthouses than any other township in the United States. At various times, there have been proposals for a division of Suffolk County into two counties. The western portion would be called Suffolk County, while the eastern portion of

12194-471: The nation to vote for Trump. As a whole, both Suffolk and Nassau counties are considered swing counties. However, until 2016, they tended not to receive significant attention from presidential candidates, as the state of New York has turned reliably Democratic at the national level. In 2008 and 2012, Hofstra University in Nassau County hosted a presidential debate. Hofstra hosted the first debate of

12328-492: The nation's largest newspaper chain and media company, Hearst Communications . His flamboyant methods of yellow journalism in violation of ethics and standards influenced the nation's popular media by emphasizing sensationalism and human-interest stories . Hearst entered the publishing business in 1887 with Mitchell Trubitt after being given control of The San Francisco Examiner by his wealthy father, Senator George Hearst . After moving to New York City, Hearst acquired

12462-507: The next County Executive. Republicans also gained a 12-6 supermajority in the County Legislature, seeing a net gain of one seat. * Appointed to complete Cohalan's term. ** Levy was originally elected as a Democrat, but became a Republican in 2010. The county has 18 legislative districts, each represented by a legislator. As of 2024, there are 11 Republicans , 6 Democrats , and 1 Conservative . Republicans controlled

12596-613: The north represents Southold. The stars on the South Fork represent Southampton and East Hampton. Riverhead is at the fork mouth and Shelter Island is between the forks. The secessionist movement has not been active since 1998. The End of the Hamptons: Scenes from the Class Struggle in America's Paradise , by Corey Dolgon (New York University Press, 2005 ) examined the class roots of the secessionist movement in

12730-465: The origin of its earliest European settlers. Suffolk County incorporates the easternmost extreme of both the New York City metropolitan area and New York State. The geographically largest of Long Island 's four counties and the second-largest of New York's 62 counties, Suffolk County is 86 miles (138 km) in length and 26 miles (42 km) in width at its widest (including water). Most of

12864-477: The paper's immense influence in provoking American outrage against Spain. Much of the coverage leading up to the war, beginning with the outbreak of the Cuban Revolution in 1895 , was tainted by rumor, propaganda, and sensationalism, with the "yellow" papers regarded as the worst offenders. The Journal and other New York newspapers were so one-sided and full of errors in their reporting that coverage of

12998-437: The papers. Hearst's conservative politics, increasingly at odds with those of his readers, worsened matters for the once great Hearst media chain. Having been refused the right to sell another round of bonds to unsuspecting investors, the shaky empire tottered. Unable to service its existing debts, Hearst Corporation faced a court-mandated reorganization in 1937. From that point, Hearst was reduced to being an employee, subject to

13132-420: The population. In 2006, the county's racial or ethnic makeup was 83.6% White (75.4% White Non-Hispanic). African Americans were 7.4% of the population. Asians stood at 3.4% of the population. 5.4% were of other or mixed race. Latinos were 13.0% of the population. In 2007, Suffolk County's most common ethnicities were Italian (29.5%), Irish (24.0%), and German (17.6%). In 2002, The New York Times cited

13266-528: The position of provost of graduate and professional studies for the Touro College and University system. Harry Ballan, senior counsel at Davis Polk & Wardwell, LLP was subsequently appointed to the position. In June 2019, Elena B. Langan was announced as the new dean of the law school, having previously served as dean of Concordia Law School and interim dean of Nova Southeastern University's Shepard Broad College of Law . In May 2014, Touro Law Center

13400-569: The president vetoed the Patman Bonus Bill for veterans and tried to enter the World Court . His papers carried the publisher's rambling, vitriolic, all-capital-letters editorials, but he no longer employed the energetic reporters, editors, and columnists who might have made a serious attack. He reached 20 million readers in the mid-1930s. They included much of the working class which Roosevelt had attracted by three-to-one margins in

13534-489: The president's mind than the melodramas in the New York Journal. Hearst sailed to Cuba with a small army of Journal reporters to cover the Spanish–American War; they brought along portable printing equipment, which was used to print a single-edition newspaper in Cuba after the fighting had ended. Two of the Journal's correspondents, James Creelman and Edward Marshall, were wounded in the fighting. A leader of

13668-767: The responsibility of Troop L of the New York State Police , headquartered at Republic Airport . State parks, such as Robert Moses State Park , are the responsibility of the New York State Park Police , based at Belmont Lake State Park . In 1996, the Long Island Rail Road Police Department was consolidated into the Metropolitan Transportation Authority Police , which has jurisdiction over all rail lines in

13802-540: The rival candidacy of Speaker of the House , John Nance Garner , a Texan "whose guiding motto is ‘America First'" and who, in his own words, saw “the gravest possible menace” facing the country as “the constantly increasing tendency toward socialism and communism”. At the Democratic Party Convention in 1932, with control of delegations from his own state of California and from Garner's home state of Texas, Hearst had enough influence to ensure that

13936-422: The same recipe for success, forcing Pulitzer to drop the price of the World from two cents to a penny. Soon the two papers were locked in a fierce, often spiteful competition for readers in which both papers spent large sums of money and saw huge gains in circulation. Within a few months of purchasing the Journal , Hearst hired away Pulitzer's three top editors: Sunday editor Morrill Goddard, who greatly expanded

14070-821: The scope and appeal of the American Sunday newspaper; Solomon Carvalho; and a young Arthur Brisbane , who became managing editor of the Hearst newspaper empire and a well-known columnist. Contrary to popular assumption, they were not lured away by higher pay—rather, each man had grown tired of the office environment that Pulitzer encouraged. While Hearst's many critics attribute the Journal ' s incredible success to cheap sensationalism, Kenneth Whyte noted in The Uncrowned King: The Sensational Rise Of William Randolph Hearst : "Rather than racing to

14204-466: The story as an attempt by Hearst to "spoil Soviet-American relations" as part of "an anti-red campaign". According to Rodney Carlisle, "Hearst condemned the domestic practices of Nazism, but he believed that German demands for boundary revision were legitimate. While he was not pro-Nazi, he accepted more German positions and propaganda than did some other editors and publishers." With “AMERICA FIRST” emblazoned on his newspaper masthead, Hearst celebrated

14338-512: The top 25 richest counties in America. In 2016, according to Business Insider , the 11962 zip code encompassing Sagaponack , within Southampton , was listed as the most expensive in the U.S., with a median home sale price of $ 8.5 million. The median income for a household in the county was $ 84,767, and the median income for a family was $ 72,112. Males had a median income of $ 50,046 versus $ 33,281 for females. The per capita income for

14472-492: The top ten sources of news in papers in other cities, and their stories did not make a splash outside New York City. Outrage across the country came from evidence of what Spain was doing in Cuba, a major influence in the decision by Congress to declare war. According to a 21st-century historian, war was declared by Congress because public opinion was sickened by the bloodshed, and because leaders like McKinley realized that Spain had lost control of Cuba. These factors weighed more on

14606-517: The trip starting at Lakehurst Naval Air Station, New Jersey . The ship's captain, Dr. Hugo Eckener , first flew the Graf Zeppelin across the Atlantic from Germany to pick up Hearst's photographer and at least three Hearst correspondents. One of them, Grace Marguerite Hay Drummond-Hay , by that flight became the first woman to travel around the world by air. The Hearst news empire reached

14740-554: The triumphant Roosevelt picked Garner as his running mate. In the anticipation that Roosevelt would turn out to be, in his words, “properly conservative”, Hearst supported his election. But the rapprochement with Roosevelt did not last the year. The New Deal's program of unemployment relief, in Hearst's view, was “more communistic than the communist” and “un-American to the core”. More and more often, Hearst newspapers supported business over organized labor and condemned higher income tax legislation. Hearst broke with FDR in spring 1935 when

14874-445: The work of the dedicated farmers in this region." According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has an area of 2,373 square miles (6,150 km ), of which 912 square miles (2,360 km ) is land and 1,461 square miles (3,780 km ) (62%) is water. It is the second-largest county in New York by total area and occupies 66% of the land area of Long Island. Suffolk County occupies the central and eastern part of Long Island, in

15008-407: The world. Hearst controlled the editorial positions and coverage of political news in all his papers and magazines, and thereby often published his personal views. He sensationalized Spanish atrocities in Cuba while calling for war in 1898 against Spain . Historians, however, reject his subsequent claims to have started the war with Spain as overly extravagant. He was twice elected as a Democrat to

15142-554: The “great achievement” of the new Nazi regime in Germany—a lesson to all “liberty-loving people.” In 1934, after checking with Jewish leaders, Hearst visited Berlin to interview Adolf Hitler . When Hitler asked why he was so misunderstood by the American press, Hearst retorted: "Because Americans believe in democracy, and are averse to dictatorship." William Randolph Hearst instructed his reporters in Germany to give positive coverage of

15276-553: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.36. In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.10% under the age of 18, 7.60% from 18 to 24, 31.20% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 11.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.80 males. In 2008, Forbes magazine released its American Community Survey and named Suffolk County number 4 in its list of

15410-813: Was a 43,281-acre (17,515 ha) land grant given in 1838 by California governor Juan Bautista Alvarado to Ygnacio Pastor. The grant encompassed present-day Jolon and land to the west. When Pastor obtained title from the Public Land Commission in 1875, Faxon Atherton immediately purchased the land. By 1880, the James Brown Cattle Company owned and operated Rancho Milpitas and neighboring Rancho Los Ojitos . In 1923, Newhall Land sold Rancho San Miguelito de Trinidad and Rancho El Piojo to William Randolph Hearst. In 1925, Hearst's Piedmont Land and Cattle Company bought Rancho Milpitas and Rancho Los Ojitos (Little Springs) from

15544-451: Was a leading supporter of Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932–1934, but then broke with FDR and became his most prominent enemy on the right. Hearst's publication reached a peak circulation of 20 million readers a day in the mid-1930s. He poorly managed finances and was so deeply in debt during the Great Depression that most of his assets had to be liquidated in the late 1930s. Hearst managed to keep his newspapers and magazines. His life story

15678-599: Was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon , the A.D. Club , a Harvard Final club , the Hasty Pudding Theatricals , and the Harvard Lampoon prior to being expelled . His antics at Harvard ranged from sponsoring massive beer parties on Harvard Square to sending pudding pots used as chamber pots to his professors with their images depicted within the bowls. Searching for an occupation, in 1887 Hearst took over management of his father's newspaper,

15812-524: Was appointed as the first woman Regent of University of California, Berkeley , donated funds to establish libraries at several universities, funded many anthropological expeditions, and founded the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology . Hearst attended preparatory school at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire . He gained admission to Harvard College , and began attending in 1885. While there, he

15946-530: Was at once a militant nationalist, a staunch anti-communist after the Russian Revolution , and deeply suspicious of the League of Nations and of the British, French, Japanese, and Russians. Following Hitler's rise to power, Hearst became a supporter of the Nazi Party , ordering his journalists to publish favorable coverage of Nazi Germany, and allowing leading Nazis to publish articles in his newspapers. He

16080-498: Was besieged with 30 inches of snow, making it the largest day of snowfall on record in Suffolk. Suffolk County has maritime boundaries with five other U.S. counties and is connected by land only to Nassau County. According to the 2010 U.S. census there were 1,493,350 people and 569,985 households residing in the county. The census estimated Suffolk County's population decreased slightly to 1,481,093 in 2018, representing 7.5% of

16214-463: Was coined by Wallace Irwin . Hearst was on the left wing of the Progressive Movement , speaking on behalf of the working class (who bought his papers) and denouncing the rich and powerful (who disdained his editorials). With the support of Tammany Hall (the regular Democratic organization in Manhattan), Hearst was elected to Congress from New York in 1902 and 1904. He made a major effort to win

16348-516: Was common with claims before the Public Land Commission , Estrada's legal claim was costly and took many years to resolve. Estrada mortgaged the ranch to Domingo Pujol, a Spanish-born San Francisco lawyer, who represented him. Estrada was unable to pay the loan and Pujol foreclosed on it. Estrada did not have the title to the land. Hearst sued, but ended up with only 1,340 acres (5.4 km ) of Estrada's holdings. Rancho Milpitas

16482-541: Was dissolved in 2017. In 2013, PreLaw Magazine recognized Touro Law Center as one of six law school schools in the nation offering innovative clinical and experiential learning opportunities, highlighting the law school's ProBono Uncontested Divorce Project. Touro Law Center is also a member of the Alliance for Experiential Learning in Law, an alliance that currently has 113 law school and legal service organization members, which

16616-455: Was established in 2011 with the goal of integrating experience-based education into the traditional law school curriculum. In Fall 2006, the Law Center began a pilot program that required all first year students to observe courtroom practice in both the federal Alfonse M. D’Amato United States Courthouse and the John P. Cohalan State Court Complex. In 2009, the Center for Court Innovation issued

16750-464: Was established in the 1970s, and during his tenure on the Board, he advocated for the establishment, accreditation, and growth of the Law Center. The Law Center achieved full accreditation by the American Bar Association in 1989. John S. Bainbridge was the dean of the law school from 1982 to 1985. During his tenure, Bainbridge recruited the founding faculty and administrators and guided the school through

16884-512: Was first offered, Touro Law Center was the only law school to offer such a program within the borders of Vietnam. In September 2013, Touro Law Center joined the Educating Tomorrow's Lawyers Consortium, which consisted of 31 ABA-accredited law schools that have demonstrated a commitment to innovation in legal education and offer a number of law school courses "that implement a student-centered approach to legal education". The consortium

17018-552: Was identified by one law school rankings system as the 13th "most undervalued" law school in the country, based on the spread between the Law Center's U.S. News peer reputation and the number of downloads from the Social Science Research Network of Touro law faculty scholarship. This particular system, first established in a law review article in 2006 by two law professors, compares the U.S. News Rankings to scholarly impact as measured by download counts from

17152-439: Was not due to mere jingoism, although "the democratic ideals and humanitarianism that inspired their coverage are largely lost to history," as are their "heroic efforts to find the truth on the island under unusually difficult circumstances." The Journal's journalistic activism in support of the Cuban rebels, rather, was centered around Hearst's political and business ambitions. Perhaps the best known myth in American journalism

17286-439: Was the 21st-most populous county in the United States . By 2014, the county's racial makeup was estimated at 85.2% White , 8.3% African American , 0.6% Native American , 4.0% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , and 1.8% from two or more races . Those identifying as Hispanic or Latino , of any race, were 18.2% of the population. Those who identified as "white alone", not being of Hispanic or Latino origin, represented 69.3% of

17420-456: Was the closest county in the state, although Ontario County and Warren County had narrower raw vote margins of just 33 and 57 votes, respectively. Suffolk was one of five counties in the state that Trump won by less than 500 votes. With Tarrant County, Texas and Maricopa County, Arizona flipping Democratic in 2020, Suffolk, along with Collin County, Texas were the most populous counties in

17554-448: Was the inventor of the dizzy comic strip Krazy Kat . Not especially popular with either readers or editors when it was first published, in the 21st century, it is considered a classic, a belief once held only by Hearst himself. In 1929, he became one of the sponsors of the first round-the-world voyage in an airship, the LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin from Germany. His sponsorship was conditional on

17688-718: Was the main inspiration for Charles Foster Kane , the lead character in Orson Welles ' film Citizen Kane (1941). His Hearst Castle , constructed on a hill overlooking the Pacific Ocean near San Simeon , has been preserved as a State Historical Monument and is designated as a National Historic Landmark . Hearst was born in San Francisco to George Hearst on April 29, 1863, a millionaire mining engineer, owner of gold and other mines through his corporation, and his much younger wife Phoebe Apperson Hearst , from

17822-542: Was the only law school on Long Island to offer a part-time program to students. In April 1986, the Law Center was officially named the Touro College Jacob D. Fuchsberg Law Center, in honor of Judge Jacob D. Fuchsberg , who served as an associate judge of the New York State Court of Appeals from 1975 to 1983. Judge Fuchsberg began serving on the Board of Trustees of Touro College at the time it

17956-522: Was unfailingly polite, unassuming, "impeccably calm", and indulgent of "prima donnas, eccentrics, bohemians, drunks, or reprobates so long as they had useful talents" according to historian Kenneth Whyte. Hearst's activist approach to journalism can be summarized by the motto, "While others Talk, the Journal Acts." The New York Journal and its chief rival, the New York World, mastered

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