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51-459: Tando Allahyar was founded during the rule of Talpur, of the Mir clan. When Bachal Yousfani was mayor, inns and guest houses were built as well as colonies for residents and jobs were created. The shrine of the sindhi oracle and that man was presented thinks his own wisdom Sufi poet Watayo Faqir lies at Kuba Shareef near Rashidabad . Tando Allahyar was founded in 1709 when Talpur constructed

102-609: A double crop. The fruit takes four to five months from flowering to ripening. The ripe fruit varies according to cultivar in size, shape, color, sweetness, and eating quality. Depending on the cultivar, fruits are variously yellow, orange, red, or green. The fruit has a single flat, oblong pit that can be fibrous or hairy on the surface and does not separate easily from the pulp. The fruits may be somewhat round, oval, or kidney -shaped, ranging from 5–25 centimetres (2–10 in) in length and from 140 grams (5 oz) to 2 kilograms (5 lb) in weight per individual fruit. The skin

153-474: A mud and clay fort about 3 kilometres (1.9 miles) from the present day Tando Allahyar town center. The fort was built to provide security for the Mir and the people of the area. It also functioned as a trading post . As the township developed around the fort, it was known as "Allahyar Jo Tando" (Allahyar's Town). The fort is now called "Kacho Qilo". Some walls decorated at the time of the Mir remain. In 1906, during

204-605: A plant bearing mangoes in India. Mango trees grow to 30–40 metres (98–131 feet) tall, with a crown radius of 10–15 m (33–49 ft). The trees are long-lived, as some specimens still fruit after 300 years. In deep soil, the taproot descends to a depth of 6 m (20 ft), with profuse, wide-spreading feeder roots and anchor roots penetrating deeply into the soil. The leaves are evergreen , alternate, simple, 15–35 centimetres (6–14 inches) long, and 6–16 cm ( 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 – 6 + 1 ⁄ 2  in) broad; when

255-479: A population 421,923 consists of males 213,985 and females 207,921. whereas 226,554 people living in urban areas while 195,369 living in rural areas. Languages of Tando Allahyar Taluka (2023) At the time of the 2023 census, 312,541 of the population spoke Sindhi , 62,129 Urdu , 18,299 Punjabi , 5,337 Balochi, 5,765 Hindko 3,541 Saraiki, 5,044 Pashto, 3,038 Mewati, 883 Brahui, 177 Kashmiri, 1 Kohistani, 5,195 others as their first language. The Rama Pir Mandir

306-567: A salad. In most parts of Southeast Asia, they are commonly eaten with fish sauce , vinegar, soy sauce, or with a dash of salt (plain or spicy) – a combination usually known as "mango salad" in English. In the Philippines, green mangoes are also commonly eaten with bagoong (salty fish or shrimp paste ), salt, soy sauce , vinegar or chilis. Mango float and mango cake , which use slices of ripe mangoes, are eaten in

357-458: A topping on ice cream or blended with milk and ice as milkshakes . Sweet glutinous rice is flavored with coconut , then served with sliced mango as mango sticky rice . In other parts of Southeast Asia, mangoes are pickled with fish sauce and rice vinegar . Green mangoes can be used in mango salad with fish sauce and dried shrimp . Mango with condensed milk may be used as a topping for shaved ice . Raw green mangoes can be sliced and eaten like

408-517: Is 'Alphonso' , an important export product, considered "the king of mangoes". Cultivars that excel in one climate may fail elsewhere. For example, Indian cultivars such as 'Julie,' a prolific cultivar in Jamaica, require annual fungicide treatments to escape the lethal fungal disease anthracnose in Florida. Asian mangoes are resistant to anthracnose. The current world market is dominated by

459-466: Is 250 kJ (60 calories ). Fresh mango contains only vitamin C and folate in significant amounts of the Daily Value as 44% and 11%, respectively (table). The mango is the national fruit of India. It is also the national tree of Bangladesh. In India, harvest and sale of mangoes is during March–May and this is annually covered by news agencies. The mango has a traditional context in

510-532: Is a marginalised, lower-income area, with state involvement limited to constructing school buildings and providing teachers. Teachers receive little training and have tended to follow an old-fashioned, authoritarian model of teaching; Zahid Shahab Ahmed noted in 2017 that some teachers had expressed unfamiliarity with the concept of participatory classes where students were encouraged to develop independent critical-thinking ability. Education in Tando Allahyar

561-628: Is a temple of Ramdev Pir in Tando Allahyar. It is the second largest pilgrimage site for the Hindus in Pakistan. Every year in Bhadrapada month of Hindu calendar , here the three days Mela arranged by Ramapir Seva Mandali. Tando Allahyar lies 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Hyderabad , on the road between Hyderabad and Mirpurkhas . Tando Allahyar is a railway hub for the Sindh region. Early in

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612-477: Is a very old madrasa in the city with the name of Darul Uloom once called "Saniye Darul Uloom". Tando Allahyar has a rich traditional Sindhi culture. Women may wear a Shalwar Kameez but often wear the traditional dress, the gharara or "parro". Traditionally, many bangles are worn on the arms. Men wear a Shalwar Kameez distinguished by broader bottoms and a traditional Sindhi-style cap. The youth may appear in western styles. Sindhi , Siraiki and Urdu , are

663-439: Is also added to cereal products such as muesli and oat granola . Mango is used to make juices , smoothies , ice cream , fruit bars, raspados , aguas frescas , pies , and sweet chili sauce , or mixed with chamoy , a sweet and spicy chili paste. In Central America, mango is either eaten green, mixed with salt, vinegar, black pepper , and hot sauce, or ripe in various forms. Pieces of mango can be mashed and used as

714-521: Is also used to make dahl and chunda (a sweet and spicy, grated mango delicacy). In Indonesian cuisine , unripe mango is processed into asinan , rujak and sambal pencit/mangga muda , or eaten with edible salt . Mangoes are used to make murabba (fruit preserves), muramba (a sweet, grated mango delicacy), amchur (dried and powdered unripe mango), and pickles, including a spicy mustard-oil pickle and alcohol. Ripe mangoes are cut into thin layers, desiccated , folded and then cut. The fruit

765-820: Is characterized by having monoembryonic fruits, while polyembryonic fruits characterize the Southeast Asian group. It was previously believed that mangoes originated from a single domestication event in South Asia before being spread to Southeast Asia, but a 2019 study found no evidence of a center of diversity in India. Instead, it identified a higher unique genetic diversity in Southeast Asian cultivars than in Indian cultivars, indicating that mangoes may have originally been domesticated first in Southeast Asia before being introduced to South Asia. However,

816-509: Is consumed throughout South Asia, prepared by mixing ripe mangoes or mango pulp with buttermilk and sugar. Ripe mangoes are also used to make curries. Aamras is a thick juice made of mangoes with sugar or milk and is consumed with chapatis or pooris . The pulp from ripe mangoes is also used to make jam called mangada . Andhra aavakaaya is a pickle made from raw, unripe, pulpy, and sour mango mixed with chili powder, fenugreek seeds, mustard powder , salt, and groundnut oil . Mango

867-645: Is cultivated extensively in South Asia , Southeast Asia , East and West Africa , the tropical and subtropical Americas, and the Caribbean . Mangoes are also grown in Andalusia , Spain (mainly in Málaga province ), as its coastal subtropical climate is one of the few places in mainland Europe that permits the growth of tropical plants and fruit trees. The Canary Islands are another notable Spanish producer of

918-461: Is different from Wikidata Use dmy dates from July 2019 Mango A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica . It originated from the region between northwestern Myanmar , Bangladesh , and northeastern India . M. indica has been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times resulting in two types of modern mango cultivars:

969-1007: Is generally in Urdu due to its widespread familiarity among students. Mir (tribe) (Redirected from Mir (tribe) ) Kashmiri tribe of Persian origin Not to be confused with Mir (title) or Mir (clan) . Mir is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Aasmah Mir , Scottish-Pakistani journalist Asif Raza Mir , actor and producer Ahad Raza Mir , actor and musician Frank Mir , American mixed martial artist, former UFC heavyweight champion Hamid Mir , Pakistani journalist, columnist and author Joan Mir , Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle rider, 2020 MotoGP world champion Joaquin Mir Trinxet , modernist Spanish painter Magín Mir , Spanish footballer Mushaf Ali Mir , Pakistani Air Chief Marshal Pedro Mir (1913–2000), poet, laureate of

1020-619: Is leather-like, waxy, smooth, and fragrant, with colors ranging from green to yellow, yellow-orange, yellow-red, or blushed with various shades of red, purple, pink, or yellow when fully ripe. Ripe intact mangoes give off a distinctive resinous , sweet smell. Inside the pit 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) thick is a thin lining covering a single seed , 4–7 cm (1.6–2.8 in) long. Mangoes have recalcitrant seeds which do not survive freezing and drying. Mango trees grow readily from seeds, with germination success highest when seeds are obtained from mature fruits. Mangoes originated from

1071-647: Is the national fruit of India , Pakistan and the Philippines , while the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh. The English word mango (plural "mangoes" or "mangos") originated in the 16th century from the Portuguese word manga , from the Malay mangga , and ultimately from the Tamil man ("mango tree") + kay ("unripe fruit/vegetable"). The scientific name, Mangifera indica , refers to

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1122-466: The British Raj , a railway station was established. It reflected the town's growing importance as a centre of agriculture and trade. The name of the town changed from "Allahyar Jo Tando" to "Tando Allahyar". The British Raj took the fort for its official use. Tando Allahyar is well known for agriculture and there are many famous sindhi tribes and clans know for owning thousands of acres of lands like

1173-403: The provitamin A compound, beta-carotene , lutein and alpha-carotene , and polyphenols , such as quercetin , kaempferol , gallic acid , caffeic acid , catechins and tannins . Mango contains a unique xanthonoid called mangiferin . Phytochemical and nutrient content appears to vary across mango cultivars . Up to 25 different carotenoids have been isolated from mango pulp,

1224-488: The "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type". Other species in the genus Mangifera also produce edible fruits that are also called "mangoes", the majority of which are found in the Malesian ecoregion. Worldwide, there are several hundred cultivars of mango . Depending on the cultivar, mango fruit varies in size, shape, sweetness, skin color, and flesh color, which may be pale yellow, gold, green, or orange. Mango

1275-486: The "turpentine mango" (named for its strong taste of turpentine ) to the Bullock's Heart. Dwarf or semidwarf varieties serve as ornamental plants and can be grown in containers. A wide variety of diseases can afflict mangoes. A breakthrough in mango cultivation was the use of potassium nitrate and ethrel to induce flowering in mangoes. The discovery was made by Filipino horticulturist Ramon Barba in 1974 and

1326-486: The 16th to the 17th centuries. From Brazil, it spread northwards to the Caribbean and eastern Mexico by the mid to late 18th century. The Spanish Empire also introduced mangoes directly from the Philippines to western Mexico via the Manila galleons from at least the 16th century. Mangoes were only introduced to Florida by 1833. The mango is now cultivated in most frost -free tropical and warmer subtropical climates. It

1377-1384: The Dominican Republic Rafa Mir , Spanish footballer Rasul Mir , poet of Kashmir Sajid Mir , Member, Senate of Pakistan (2015 - 2021) Samad Mir , sufi poet Sana Mir , Pakistani cricketer See also [ edit ] Mir Taqi Mir (1722–1810), Urdu poet Mir Muhammad Taqi, pen name Mir Meer (disambiguation) References [ edit ] v t e Kashmiri Tribes Bazaz Bhan Bhat Chakbast Dhar Drabu Ganjoo Gurtu Fotedar Haksar Handoo Jalali Kachru Kak Kaw Koul Khar Kichlu Lone Madan Malik Mattoo Mir Munshi Pandit Parimoo Qazi Raina Razdan Sapru Saraf Thussu Tikoo Sheikh Wali Wanchoo Wani Zutshi Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mir_(surname)&oldid=1225480215 " Categories : Kashmiri-language surnames Kashmiri tribes Surnames of Indian origin Surnames of Pakistani origin Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

1428-435: The Philippines. Dried strips of sweet, ripe mango (sometimes combined with seedless tamarind to form mangorind ) are also consumed. Mangoes may be used to make juices, mango nectar , and as a flavoring and major ingredient in mango ice cream and sorbetes . Numerous phytochemicals are present in mango peel and pulp, such as the triterpene lupeol . Mango peel pigments under study include carotenoids , such as

1479-754: The authors also cautioned that the diversity in Southeast Asian mangoes might be the result of other reasons (like interspecific hybridization with other Mangifera species native to the Malesian ecoregion). Nevertheless, the existence of two distinct genetic populations also identified by the study indicates that the domestication of the mango is more complex than previously assumed and would at least indicate multiple domestication events in Southeast Asia and South Asia. There are hundreds of named mango cultivars. In mango orchards , several cultivars are often grown to improve pollination. Many desired cultivars are monoembryonic and must be propagated by grafting , or they do not breed true. A common monoembryonic cultivar

1530-448: The bozdar clan, yousfanis, bachanis, talpurs, jatois, jokhios and many others In 1933, a canal was constructed. It further increased Tando Allahyar's importance in agriculture and trade. Prior to 1947, the majority of inhabitants of Tando Allahyar were Hindu . The temple of Baba Ramdevji Rama-Pir was a symbol of Hindu– Muslim unity and peaceful co-existence. After independence of Pakistan , many Hindu followers left. Nevertheless,

1581-918: The chemical composition of mango flavor, the biosynthesis of these chemicals has not been studied in depth; only a handful of genes encoding the enzymes of flavor biosynthetic pathways have been characterized to date. Contact with oils in mango leaves, stems, sap, and skin can cause dermatitis and anaphylaxis in susceptible individuals. Those with a history of contact dermatitis induced by urushiol (an allergen found in poison ivy , poison oak , or poison sumac ) may be most at risk for mango contact dermatitis. Other mango compounds potentially responsible for dermatitis or allergic reactions include mangiferin . Cross-reactions may occur between mango allergens and urushiol. Sensitized individuals may not be able to eat peeled mangos or drink mango juice safely. When mango trees are flowering in spring, local people with allergies may experience breathing difficulty, itching of

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1632-420: The city centre is a major mango farm. It has Sindhri, dashari, langra, Anwer Ratol, Siroli and Patasha variety. Tando Allahyar's population is predominantly Shia and Sunni Islam. There is also a small Hindu community that exists in the city that mainly engages in business and in rural areas Hindu communities engage in agriculture. There are a few shrines in the city in different areas like Bukera Sharif also there

1683-605: The court of the Delhi Sultan Alauddin Khijli . The Mughal Empire was especially fond of the fruits: Babur praises the mango in his Babarnameh . At the same time, Sher Shah Suri inaugurated the creation of the Chaunsa variety after his victory over the Mughal emperor Humayun . Mughal patronage of horticulture led to the grafting of thousands of mangoes varieties, including the famous Totapuri , which

1734-798: The cultivar 'Tommy Atkins' , a seedling of 'Haden' that first fruited in 1940 in southern Florida and was initially rejected commercially by Florida researchers. Growers and importers worldwide have embraced the cultivar for its excellent productivity and disease resistance, shelf life , transportability, size, and appealing color. Although the Tommy Atkins cultivar is commercially successful, other cultivars may be preferred by consumers for eating pleasure, such as Alphonso. Generally, ripe mangoes have an orange-yellow or reddish peel and are juicy for eating, while exported fruit are often picked while underripe with green peels. Although producing ethylene while ripening, unripened exported mangoes do not have

1785-668: The culture of South Asia. In his edicts , the Mauryan emperor Ashoka references the planting of fruit- and shade-bearing trees along imperial roads: "On the roads banyan -trees were caused to be planted by me, (in order that) they might afford shade to cattle and men, (and) mango-groves were caused to be planted." In medieval India, the Indo-Persian poet Amir Khusrau termed the mango " Naghza Tarin Mewa Hindustan " – "the fairest fruit of Hindustan". Mangoes were enjoyed at

1836-489: The densest of which was beta-carotene, which accounts for the yellow-orange pigmentation of most mango cultivars. Mango leaves also have significant polyphenol content, including xanthonoids , mangiferin and gallic acid. The flavor of mango fruits is conferred by several volatile organic chemicals mainly belonging to terpene , furanone , lactone , and ester classes. Different varieties or cultivars of mangoes can have flavors made up of different volatile chemicals or

1887-561: The eyes, or facial swelling, even before flower pollen becomes airborne. In this case, the irritant is likely to be the vaporized essential oil from flowers. During the primary ripening season of mangoes, contact with mango plant parts – primarily sap , leaves, and fruit skin – is the most common cause of plant dermatitis in Hawaii. A raw mango is 84% water, 15% carbohydrates , 1% protein , and has negligible fat (table). The energy value per 100 g (3.5 oz) serving of raw mango

1938-631: The fruit. Other minor cultivators include North America (in South Florida and the California Coachella Valley ), Hawai'i, and Australia. Many commercial cultivars are grafted onto the cold-hardy rootstock of the Gomera-1 mango cultivar, originally from Cuba. Its root system is well adapted to a coastal Mediterranean climate. Many of the 1,000+ mango cultivars are easily cultivated using grafted saplings, ranging from

1989-420: The lactones and furanones are synthesized during ripening, whereas terpenes and the other flavorants are present in both the developing (immature) and ripening fruits. Ethylene , a ripening-related hormone well known to be involved in ripening of mango fruits, causes changes in the flavor composition of mango fruits upon exogenous application, as well. In contrast to the huge amount of information available on

2040-458: The leaves are young they are orange-pink, rapidly changing to a dark, glossy red, then dark green as they mature. The flowers are produced in terminal panicles 10–40 cm (4– 15 + 1 ⁄ 2  in) long; each flower is small and white with five petals 5–10 millimetres ( 3 ⁄ 16 – 3 ⁄ 8  in) long, with a mild, sweet fragrance. Over 500 varieties of mangoes are known, many of which ripen in summer, while some give

2091-422: The main languages spoken. Other languages including Rajisthani Qaimkhani Khanzada , dhatki, Marwari, Balochi Punjabi and Brahui as well some Dravidian languages . Tando Allahyar is a bustling town with mango tree lined streets. Old buildings are topped by chimney-like air cooling devices that catch the breeze. Rates of literacy are greater in the urban than the rural areas of Tando Allahyar. Tando Allahyar

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2142-806: The nineteenth century, members of the Bozdar family, a community from the Suleiman Mountains , founded the settlements of Khan Muhammad Bozdar (a nearby village of 52 houses), Massu Bozdar, and Dhangano Bozdar. Tando Allahyar is hot throughout the year. Nights often have cool breezes throughout the year. Tando Allahyar is one of Pakistan's richest agricultural regions. Cash crops like sugarcane , wheat , onion and cotton are cultivated. Mangoes and bananas are also grown. There are sugar mills and some cotton ginning factories. Mohsin Rasheed Memon Mango Farm on Mir Wah road 3 km from

2193-502: The potential to cause contact dermatitis of the lips, gingiva , or tongue in susceptible people. Mangoes are used in many cuisines. Sour, unripe mangoes are used in chutneys (i.e., mango chutney ), pickles , daals and other side dishes in Indian cuisine . A summer drink called aam panna is made with mangoes. Mango pulp made into jelly or cooked with red gram dhal and green chilies may be served with cooked rice. Mango lassi

2244-431: The region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. The mango is considered an evolutionary anachronism , whereby seed dispersal was once accomplished by a now- extinct evolutionary forager , such as a megafauna mammal. From their center of origin, mangoes diverged into two genetically distinct populations: the subtropical Indian group and the tropical Southeast Asian group. The Indian group

2295-585: The same juiciness or flavor as fresh fruit. From tropical Asia, mangoes were introduced to East Africa by Arab and Persian traders in the ninth to tenth centuries. The 14th-century Moroccan traveler Ibn Battuta reported it at Mogadishu . It was spread further into other areas around the world during the Colonial Era . The Portuguese Empire spread the mango from their colony in Goa to East and West Africa. From West Africa, they introduced it to Brazil from

2346-435: The same volatile chemicals in different quantities. In general, New World mango cultivars are characterized by the dominance of δ-3-carene, a monoterpene flavorant; whereas, high concentration of other monoterpenes such as (Z)-ocimene and myrcene, as well as the presence of lactones and furanones, is the unique feature of Old World cultivars. In India, 'Alphonso' is one of the most popular cultivars. In 'Alphonso' mango,

2397-572: The temple, located in the town centre, remains a popular destination for Hindu pilgrims . The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and Pakistan Movement . After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while the Muslim refugees from India settled in the Tando Allahyar District . Languages According to 2023 Pakistani census Tando Allahyar Taluka had

2448-534: The worship of the goddess Saraswati . Mango leaves decorate archways and doors in Indian houses during weddings and celebrations such as Ganesh Chaturthi . Mango motifs and paisleys are widely used in different Indian embroidery styles, and are found in Kashmiri shawls, Kanchipuram and silk sarees . In Tamil Nadu , the mango is referred to as one of the three royal fruits, along with banana and jackfruit , for their sweetness and flavor. This triad of fruits

2499-405: Was 59 million tonnes , led by India with 44% of the total (table). Mangoes are generally sweet, although the taste and texture of the flesh vary across cultivars; some, such as Alphonso , have a soft, pulpy, juicy texture similar to an overripe plum , while others, such as Tommy Atkins , are firmer with a fibrous texture. The skin of unripe, pickled , or cooked mango can be eaten, but it has

2550-418: Was developed from the unique traditional method of inducing mango flowering using smoke in the Philippines. It allowed mango plantations to induce regular flowering and fruiting year-round. Previously, mangoes were seasonal because they only flowered every 16 to 18 months. The method is now used in most mango-producing countries. In 2022, world production of mangoes (report includes mangosteens and guavas )

2601-478: Was the first variety to be exported to Iran and Central Asia. Akbar (1556–1605) is said to have planted a mango orchard of 100,000 trees near Darbhanga , Bihar, while Jahangir and Shah Jahan ordered the planting of mango orchards in Lahore and Delhi and the creation of mango-based desserts. The Jain goddess Ambika is traditionally represented as sitting under a mango tree. Mango blossoms are also used in

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