The Tarbelli were an Aquitani tribe dwelling in the present-day regions of Labourd and Chalosse , in the west of Aquitania , during the Iron Age .
5-539: Alongside the Auscii , they were one of the most powerful peoples of Aquitania . They were subjugated in 56 BC by the Roman forces of Caesar 's legatus P. Licinius Crassus . They are mentioned as Tarbelli by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC), as Tárbelloi (Τάρβελλοι) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD), as Tarbelli Quattuorsignani by Pliny (1st c. AD), and as Tarbellus on an inscription. Joaquín Gorrochategui proposed to see
10-658: Is believed that the Tarbelli spoke a form or dialect of the Aquitanian language , a precursor of the Basque language . The Tarbelli were a confederation of four tribes. The Cocosates and Tarusates were probably their clients. Gold extraction and mineral springs brought them a certain wealth, although their main activities remained centred on field and meadow husbandry. Auscii The Auscii or Ausci were an Aquitani tribe dwelling around present-day Auch during
15-628: The Iron Age . Alongside the Tarbelli , they were one of the most powerful peoples of Aquitania . They are mentioned as Ausci by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC), Pliny (1st c. AD) and Pomponius Mela (mid-1st c. AD), and as Au̓skíois (Αὐσκίοις) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD). The ethnonym Auscii may be related to the prefix eusk -, meaning 'Basque' in the Basque language ( euskara ). The city of Auch , attested as civitas Auscius in
20-692: The early 4th century AD, is named after the tribe. Their territory was located north of the Onobrisates , west of the Cambolectri and Volcae Tectosages , south of the Lactorates , west of the Atures . The chief town of the Auscii was known as Elimberrum (modern Auch ), whose name can be compared to the Basque ili-berri ('new town'). It is believed that the Auscii spoke a form or dialect of
25-814: The name as the suffix tar - attached to the adjective bel ('black'), which is common in Aquitanian onomastics. The Tarbelli lived in the regions of Labourd and Chalosse , on both sides of the Adour river. Their territory was located east of the Atlantic Ocean, north of the Vardulli , south of the Cocosates , west of the Tarusates , Atures and Venarni . Their chief town was known as Aquae Terebellicae or Aquae Tarbellicae (present-day Dax ). It
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