76-544: This Sporting Life is a 1963 British kitchen sink drama film directed by Lindsay Anderson . Based on the 1960 novel of the same name by David Storey , which won the 1960 Macmillan Fiction Award, it recounts the story of a rugby league footballer in Wakefield , a mining city in Yorkshire , whose romantic life is not as successful as his sporting life. Storey, a former professional rugby league footballer, also wrote
152-425: A CT angiogram will be performed in order to exclude a secondary cause of hemorrhage or to detect a "spot sign". Intraparenchymal hemorrhage can be recognized on CT scans because blood appears brighter than other tissue and is separated from the inner table of the skull by brain tissue. The tissue surrounding a bleed is often less dense than the rest of the brain because of edema , and therefore shows up darker on
228-663: A Leading Role , and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role . The film opened at the Odeon Leicester Square in London's West End on 7 February 1963. Set in the fictional city of City, the film is about Frank Machin, a bitter young coal miner from the West Riding of Yorkshire . The first part of the story is told through a series of flashbacks when Frank is anaesthetised in
304-403: A dentist's chair, having had his front teeth broken in a rugby league match, and recovering at a Christmas party. The second part takes place after he has fully regained his senses, and proceeds without flashbacks. Following a nightclub altercation, in which Frank takes on the captain of the local rugby league club and punches a couple of other players, he asks a scout for the team to help him get
380-460: A disease characterized by deposition of amyloid beta peptides in the walls of the small blood vessels of the brain, leading to weakened blood vessel walls and an increased risk of bleeding; is also an important risk factor for the development of intracerebral hemorrhage. Other risk factors include advancing age (usually with a concomitant increase of cerebral amyloid angiopathy risk in the elderly), use of anticoagulants or antiplatelet medications ,
456-473: A great ape", and, on their first proper date, Frank insults the staff and flaunts protocol at the fancy restaurant to which he takes her. Margaret is embarrassed and leaves, and the scene is witnessed by the Weavers. Maurice, Frank's friend and teammate, gets married, and Frank and Margaret attend the ceremony. When Frank goes over to congratulate the couple, Margaret walks away. She says she feels ashamed, like
532-730: A kept woman, especially since Frank bought her a fur coat. He strikes her, and then says he thought she was finally becoming happy. On another occasion, she says that their neighbours think she is a slut and she and the children are not "proper people" because of Frank. They have a row, and Frank goes out drinking with Maurice. He says he wants another job, "something permanent", and believes Margaret needs him, though she does not realise it. Frank tries to talk to Margaret, but she defends her privacy, saying he knows nothing about Eric, her husband. He says she drove Eric to suicide, and Margaret, outraged, demands that Frank leave and starts throwing his belongings out of his room. Frank says he loves her, but she
608-494: A kitchen sink. Bratby did various kitchen and bathroom-themed paintings, including three paintings of toilets. Bratby's paintings of people often depicted the faces of his subjects as desperate and unsightly. Kitchen sink realism artists painted everyday objects, such as trash cans and beer bottles. The critic David Sylvester wrote an article in 1954 about trends in recent English art, calling his article "The Kitchen Sink" in reference to Bratby's picture. Sylvester argued that there
684-507: A possible project for Joseph Losey , and then Karel Reisz , who, reluctant to direct another film with a similar setting and theme to Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (1960), suggested that Anderson direct it, with himself serving as producer. Among the film's supporting cast is William Hartnell , who shortly afterwards began his role as the first Doctor Who ; it was his role in This Sporting Life that brought Hartnell to
760-426: A relationship with a black sailor and gets pregnant. After the sailor leaves on his ship, Jo moves in with a homosexual acquaintance who assumes the role of surrogate father. A Taste of Honey raises the issues of class, race, gender and sexual orientation. Later, as many of these writers and directors diversified, kitchen sink realism was taken up by television directors who produced television plays. The single play
836-435: A rise in intracranial pressure caused by a large mass (due to hematoma expansion) putting pressure on the brain. These symptoms include headaches , nausea, vomiting, a depressed level of consciousness, stupor and death. Continued elevation in the intracranial pressure and the accompanying mass effect may eventually cause brain herniation (when different parts of the brain are displaced or shifted to new areas in relation to
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#1732801092125912-428: A tryout. Although at first somewhat uncoordinated at the sport, he impresses Gerald Weaver, one of the team's owners, with the spirit and brutality of his playing style during the trial game. He receives a large signing bonus to join the top team as a loose forward (number 13) and impresses all with his aggressive forward play. He often punches or elbows the opposing players—and sometimes even those of his own team. Off
988-574: Is Bolton Priory in the Yorkshire Dales . Anthony Sloman wrote about the film's editing: By 1963 the British New Wave had beached, and Peter Taylor edited the superb This Sporting Life , the début feature of the cine-literate director Lindsay Anderson. It is a remarkable study of working class angst, with a cutting style like no other British feature before it, an ever-underrated achievement by Taylor. Another description of
1064-423: Is a bleeding into the brain's ventricular system , where the cerebrospinal fluid is produced and circulates through towards the subarachnoid space . It can result from physical trauma or from hemorrhagic stroke . 30% of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) are primary, confined to the ventricular system and typically caused by intraventricular trauma, aneurysm, vascular malformations, or tumors, particularly of
1140-773: Is a sudden bleeding into the tissues of the brain (i.e. the parenchyma), into its ventricles , or into both. An ICH is a type of bleeding within the skull and one kind of stroke (ischemic stroke being the other). Symptoms can vary dramatically depending on the severity (how much blood), acuity (over what timeframe), and location (anatomically) but can include headache , one-sided weakness , numbness, tingling, or paralysis , speech problems, vision or hearing problems, memory loss, attention problems, coordination problems, balance problems, dizziness or lightheadedness or vertigo , nausea/vomiting, seizures, decreased level of consciousness or total loss of consciousness , neck stiffness , and fever . Hemorrhagic stroke may occur on
1216-448: Is clear that he has lost Weaver's favour, though Slomer, the team's other owner, still supports him. When he gets home after the party, Margaret agrees to share his bed to keep him warm, as he looks unwell with his swollen face and missing teeth, but, in her grief, she cannot really return his affection, saying she is scared to invest her feelings in one person, as they might go away or die. She sometimes insults him, referring to him as "just
1292-441: Is especially high when the injury occurs in the brain stem . Intraparenchymal bleeds within the medulla oblongata are almost always fatal, because they cause damage to cranial nerve X, the vagus nerve , which plays an important role in blood circulation and breathing. This kind of hemorrhage can also occur in the cortex or subcortical areas, usually in the frontal or temporal lobes when due to head injury, and sometimes in
1368-547: Is estimated at 24.6 cases per 100,000 person years with the incidence rate being similar in men and women. The incidence is much higher in the elderly, especially those who are 85 or older, who are 9.6 times more likely to have an intracerebral hemorrhage as compared to those of middle age. It accounts for 20% of all cases of cerebrovascular disease in the United States, behind cerebral thrombosis (40%) and cerebral embolism (30%). Intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH)
1444-535: Is from George Shi, of the University of Fine Arts, Valencia). Kitchen sink realism involves working class settings and accents, including accents from Northern England. The films and plays often explore taboo subjects such as adultery, pre-marital sex, abortion, and crime. In the United Kingdom, the term "kitchen sink" derived from expressionist paintings by John Bratby that contained an image of
1520-399: Is furious with him. Eventually, he goes to stay at a cheap boarding house in a bombed-out area, leaving his Jaguar incongruously parked outside. Intending a reconciliation with Margaret, Frank returns to her house, but a neighbour says she is in hospital. The doctor tells him that Margaret is unconscious, having suffered a brain haemorrhage , and that she may not have the strength, or perhaps
1596-408: Is not an uncommon cause of intracerebral hemorrhage in patients over the age of 55. A very small proportion is due to cerebral venous sinus thrombosis . Risk factors for ICH include: Hypertension is the strongest risk factor associated with intracerebral hemorrhage and long term control of elevated blood pressure has been shown to reduce the incidence of hemorrhage. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy ,
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#17328010921251672-429: Is not said and done, as well as what is...Though real enough and believable enough, this kind of amour fou is remote indeed from what the staid middle class cinema would generally consider as realism." On 22 January 2008, the film was released as a Region 1 DVD by The Criterion Collection . Kitchen sink realism Kitchen sink realism (or kitchen sink drama ) is a British cultural movement that developed in
1748-753: Is one form of intracerebral bleeding in which there is bleeding within brain parenchyma . Intraparenchymal hemorrhage accounts for approximately 8-13% of all strokes and results from a wide spectrum of disorders. It is more likely to result in death or major disability than ischemic stroke or subarachnoid hemorrhage , and therefore constitutes an immediate medical emergency . Intracerebral hemorrhages and accompanying edema may disrupt or compress adjacent brain tissue , leading to neurological dysfunction. Substantial displacement of brain parenchyma may cause elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) and potentially fatal herniation syndromes . Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), also known asintraventricular bleeding,
1824-504: Is required if the hematoma is greater than 3 cm (1 in), if there is a structural vascular lesion or lobar hemorrhage in a young patient. A catheter may be passed into the brain vasculature to close off or dilate blood vessels , avoiding invasive surgical procedures. Aspiration by stereotactic surgery or endoscopic drainage may be used in basal ganglia hemorrhages, although successful reports are limited. A craniectomy holds promise of reduced mortality, but
1900-430: Is typically by CT scan . Treatment should typically be carried out in an intensive care unit due to strict blood pressure goals and frequent use of both pressors and antihypertensive agents. Anticoagulation should be reversed if possible and blood sugar kept in the normal range. A procedure to place an external ventricular drain may be used to treat hydrocephalus or increased intracranial pressure , however,
1976-911: The Department of Health (United Kingdom) and the Stroke Association , the American Stroke Association , the National Stroke Association (US), the Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen (LAPSS) and the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS). Use of these scales is recommended by professional guidelines. FAST is less reliable in the recognition of posterior circulation stroke. Other symptoms include those that indicate
2052-536: The Royal Court Theatre , headed by George Devine and Theatre Workshop organised by Joan Littlewood were particularly prominent in bringing these plays to public attention. Critic John Heilpern wrote that Look Back in Anger expressed such "immensity of feeling and class hatred" that it altered the course of English theatre. The term "Angry theatre" was coined by critic John Russell Taylor . This
2128-490: The cerebellum may cause ataxia , vertigo , incoordination of limbs and vomiting. Some cases of cerebellar hemorrhage lead to blockage of the fourth ventricle with subsequent impairment of drainage of cerebrospinal fluid from the brain. The ensuing hydrocephalus , or fluid buildup in the ventricles of the brain leads to a decreased level of consciousness, total loss of consciousness , coma , and persistent vegetative state . Brainstem hemorrhage most commonly occurs in
2204-457: The cerebellum . Larger volumes of hematoma at hospital admission as well as greater expansion of the hematoma on subsequent evaluation (usually occurring within 6 hours of symptom onset) are associated with a worse prognosis. Perihematomal edema, or secondary edema surrounding the hematoma, is associated with secondary brain injury, worsening neurological function and is associated with poor outcomes. Intraventricular hemorrhage, or bleeding into
2280-520: The escapism of the previous generation's so-called " well-made plays ". The films, plays and novels employing this style are often set in poorer industrial areas in the North of England , and use the accents and slang heard in those regions. The film It Always Rains on Sunday (1947) is a precursor of the genre and the John Osborne play Look Back in Anger (1956) is thought of as the first of
2356-399: The pons and is associated with shortness of breath , cranial nerve palsies , pinpoint (but reactive) pupils, gaze palsies, facial weakness, coma , and persistent vegetative state (if there is damage to the reticular activating system ). Intracerebral bleeds are the second most common cause of stroke , accounting for 10% of hospital admissions for stroke. High blood pressure raises
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2432-412: The subjectivity of the author to be displayed. Partly, social realism developed as a reaction against Romanticism , which promoted lofty concepts such as the "ineffable" beauty and truth of art and music and even turned them into spiritual ideals. As such, social realism focused on the "ugly realities of contemporary life and sympathized with working class people, particularly the poor." (The quotation
2508-544: The " well-made play ", the kind which theatre critic Kenneth Tynan once denounced as being set in "Loamshire", of dramatists like Terence Rattigan . "Well-made plays" were a dramatic genre from nineteenth-century theatre which found its early 20th-century codification in Britain in the form of William Archer 's Play-Making: A Manual of Craftmanship (1912), and in the United States with George Pierce Baker 's Dramatic Technique (1919). Kitchen sink works were created with
2584-627: The 1950s. Following the success of the Osborne play, the label "angry young men" was later applied by British media to describe young writers who were characterised by a disillusionment with traditional British society . The hero of Look Back In Anger is a graduate, but he is working in a manual occupation. It dealt with social alienation , the claustrophobia and frustrations of a provincial life on low incomes. The impact of this work inspired Arnold Wesker , Shelagh Delaney , and numerous others, to write plays of their own. The English Stage Company at
2660-476: The CT scan. The oedema surrounding the haemorrhage would rapidly increase in size in the first 48 hours, and reached its maximum extent at day 14. The bigger the size of the haematoma, the larger its surrounding oedema. Brain oedema formation is due to the breakdown of red blood cells, where haemoglobin and other contents of red blood cells are released. The release of these red blood cells contents causes toxic effect on
2736-478: The River Wharfe next to Bolton Priory . Another time, Margaret gets annoyed when Frank comes home drunk. He desires her sexually and, eventually, grabs her and forces her onto his bed. Her daughter interrupts them, but then she acquiesces and they have sexual relations. At Weaver's Christmas party, Frank quarrels with Weaver and his predatory wife, whose advances Frank had rejected, much to her chagrin, and it
2812-489: The Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc countries, the two had several differences. While social realism is a broader type of art that realistically depicts subjects of social concern, Socialist realism is characterized by the glorified depiction of socialist values, such as the emancipation of the proletariat , in a realistic manner. Unlike Socialist realism, social realism is not an official art produced by or under
2888-484: The association is weak. Traumautic intracerebral hematomas are divided into acute and delayed. Acute intracerebral hematomas occur at the time of the injury while delayed intracerebral hematomas have been reported from as early as 6 hours post injury to as long as several weeks. Both computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) have been proved to be effective in diagnosing intracranial vascular malformations after ICH. So frequently,
2964-462: The attention of Doctor Who -producer Verity Lambert . The film also features Arthur Lowe , who would go on to star in Dad's Army and appear in four later films directed by Anderson. In addition, Edward Fox , Anton Rodgers , and Bryan Mosley appear as uncredited extras. Many of the scenes in This Sporting Life were filmed at Belle Vue , the home stadium of Wakefield Trinity , and Thrum Hall ,
3040-504: The background of alterations to the blood vessels in the brain, such as cerebral arteriolosclerosis , cerebral amyloid angiopathy , cerebral arteriovenous malformation , brain trauma , brain tumors and an intracranial aneurysm , which can cause intraparenchymal or subarachnoid hemorrhage. The biggest risk factors for spontaneous bleeding are high blood pressure and amyloidosis . Other risk factors include alcoholism , low cholesterol , blood thinners , and cocaine use. Diagnosis
3116-1030: The bleeding and formation of a hematoma . However, it also increases the risk of thromboembolism . It thus overall does not result in better outcomes in those without hemophilia. Frozen plasma , vitamin K , protamine , or platelet transfusions may be given in case of a coagulopathy . Platelets however appear to worsen outcomes in those with spontaneous intracerebral bleeding on antiplatelet medication. The specific reversal agents idarucizumab and andexanet alfa may be used to stop continued intracerebral hemorrhage in people taking directly oral acting anticoagulants (such as factor Xa inhibitors or direct thrombin inhibitors). However, if these specialized medications are not available, prothrombin complex concentrate may also be used. Only 7% of those with ICH are presented with clinical features of seizures while up to 25% of those have subclinical seizures. Seizures are not associated with an increased risk of death or disability. Meanwhile, anticonvulsant administration can increase
This Sporting Life - Misplaced Pages Continue
3192-517: The bleeding. Using ultrasound can also reduces radiation risk to the subject from CT scans. When due to high blood pressure , intracerebral hemorrhages typically occur in the putamen (50%) or thalamus (15%), cerebrum (10–20%), cerebellum (10–13%), pons (7–15%), or elsewhere in the brainstem (1–6%). Treatment depends substantially on the type of ICH. Rapid CT scan and other diagnostic measures are used to determine proper treatment, which may include both medication and surgery. Rapid lowering of
3268-554: The blood pressure can reduce the volume of the haematoma, but may not have any effect against the oedema surrounding the haematoma. Reducing the blood pressure rapidly does not cause brain ischemia in those who have intracerebral haemorrhage. The American Heart Association and American Stroke Association guidelines in 2015 recommended decreasing the blood pressure to a SBP of 140 mmHg. However, later reviews found unclear difference between intensive and less intensive blood pressure control. Giving Factor VIIa within 4 hours limits
3344-497: The blood pressure using antihypertensive therapy for those with hypertensive emergency can have higher functional recovery at 90 days post intracerebral haemorrhage, when compared to those who undergone other treatments such as mannitol administration, reversal of anticoagulation (those previously on anticoagulant treatment for other conditions), surgery to evacuate the haematoma, and standard rehabilitation care in hospital, while showing similar rate of death at 12%. Early lowering of
3420-431: The brain and causes brain oedema. Besides, the breaking down of blood-brain barrier also contributes to the odema formation. Apart from CT scans, haematoma progression of intracerebral haemorrhage can be monitored using transcranial ultrasound. Ultrasound probe can be placed at the temporal lobe to estimate the volume of haematoma within the brain, thus identifying those with active bleeding for further intervention to stop
3496-450: The choroid plexus. However 70% of IVH are secondary in nature, resulting from an expansion of an existing intraparenchymal or subarachnoid hemorrhage. Intraventricular hemorrhage has been found to occur in 35% of moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries . Thus the hemorrhage usually does not occur without extensive associated damage, and so the outcome is rarely good. People with intracerebral bleeding have symptoms that correspond to
3572-415: The duration of onset not be as rapid, it is important that patients go to the emergency department as soon as they notice any symptoms as early detection and management of stroke may lead to better outcomes post-stroke than delayed identification. A mnemonic to remember the warning signs of stroke is FAST (facial droop, arm weakness, speech difficulty, and time to call emergency services), as advocated by
3648-449: The editing says: From the start, Lindsay Anderson and his editor Peter Taylor show a determination to pursue a flashback-based narrative using bold-cut transitions. ... Cut-transitions link these plangent and understated images together in way that seems to demand that their meanings be understood. It is an important restatement of the way that image-driven filmmaking engages the spectator. Anderson wrote in his diary on 23 April 1962, after
3724-490: The effects of long‐term neurological outcome remain controversial. About 8 to 33% of those with intracranial haemorrhage have neurological deterioration within the first 24 hours of hospital admission, where a large proportion of them happens within 6 to 12 hours. Rate of haematoma expansion, perihaematoma odema volume and the presence of fever can affect the chances of getting neurological complications. The risk of death from an intraparenchymal bleed in traumatic brain injury
3800-461: The empty space and calls out her name before collapsing in tears. In the closing scene, Frank is seen on the rugby field, now exhausted and vulnerable to the ravages of time and injury. This Sporting Life was Anderson's first feature film as director, though he had made numerous short documentaries in the previous fifteen years, and even won an Oscar for 1954's Thursday's Children . The film had first been discussed by The Rank Organisation as
3876-419: The field, Frank is much less successful. His recently-widowed landlady, Mrs Margaret Hammond, a mother of two young children, rebuffs Frank's attempts to court her and treats him rudely and abrasively. She lost her husband in an accident at Weaver's engraving firm, but received little financial compensation, because the death was suspected to be a suicide . One day, Frank takes Margaret and her children to play in
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#17328010921253952-447: The film had earned a distributor’s gross of £92,612 in the UK and £128,599 from overseas. Writing in 1980, John Russell Taylor thought it a mistake to link This Sporting Life with the "kitchen sink" films released in the preceding few years, because its "emotionalism" made it "unique", setting it apart from the earlier works: ...every scene in the film is charged with the passion of what
4028-490: The film was a commercial flop with British audiences and did not recoup its cost. John Davis , the Chairman of The Rank Organisation , announced that the company would not venture further with "kitchen sink" film projects, nor would his company make such a "squalid" film again, and This Sporting Life has been seen more generally as ending producers' willingness to back such British New Wave films. However, after 13 years,
4104-483: The film was favourable. In the United States, the Reuters news agency described it as being praised unanimously by the critics for New York City publications. Variety praised the film's "gutsy vitality", as well as the production of Reisz and the directorial efforts of Anderson, who "brings the keen, observant eye of a documentary man to many vivid episodes without sacrificing the story line". On its initial release,
4180-542: The first month or so of production: "the most striking feature of it all, I suppose, has been the splendour and misery of my work and relationship with Richard". He felt that Harris was acting better than ever before in his career, but feared his feelings for Harris, whose combination of physicality, affection and cruelty fascinated him, meant that he lacked the detachment he needed as a director, continuing: "I ought to be calm and detached with him. Instead I am impulsive, affectionate, infinitely susceptible." Critical response to
4256-435: The functions controlled by the area of the brain that is damaged by the bleed. These localizing signs and symptoms can include hemiplegia (or weakness localized to one side of the body) and paresthesia (loss of sensation) including hemisensory loss (if localized to one side of the body). These symptoms are usually rapid in onset, sometimes occurring in minutes, but not as rapid as the symptom onset in ischemic stroke . While
4332-485: The genre have continued into the 2000s, finding expression in such television shows as Coronation Street and EastEnders . The term "Kitchen Sink School" was first used in the visual arts, where the art critic David Sylvester used it in 1954 to describe a group of painters who called themselves the Beaux Arts Quartet, and depicted social realist –type scenes of domestic life. The cultural movement
4408-399: The genre. Saturday Night and Sunday Morning is about a young machinist who spends his wages at weekends on drinking and having a good time, until his affair with a married woman leads to her getting pregnant and him being beaten by her husband's cousins to the point of hospitalisation. A Taste of Honey is about a 16-year old schoolgirl with an abusive, alcoholic mother. The schoolgirl starts
4484-543: The genre. The gritty love-triangle of Look Back in Anger , for example, takes place in a cramped, one-room flat in the English Midlands . Shelagh Delaney 's 1958 play A Taste of Honey (which was made into a film of the same name in 1961) is about a white teenage schoolgirl who has an affair with a black sailor, gets pregnant and then moves in with a gay male acquaintance; it raises issues such as class, ethnicity, gender and sexual orientation. The conventions of
4560-598: The home stadium of Halifax . The scene where Frank ( Richard Harris ) leaps from a bus to buy a newspaper, and then leaps back onto the bus, was filmed at the top of Westgate , Wakefield . The location is still instantly recognisable, and has changed little in the decades since. The houses used for filming the outdoor scenes in This Sporting Life were in Servia Terrace in Leeds . The riverside location where Frank takes Margaret and her family for an outing in his new car
4636-431: The intention of changing that. Their political views were initially labeled as radical , sometimes even anarchic . John Osborne 's play Look Back in Anger (1956) depicted young men in a way that is similar to the then-contemporary " Angry Young Men " movement of film and theatre directors. The "angry young men" were a group of mostly working and middle class British playwrights and novelists who became prominent in
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#17328010921254712-536: The late 1950s and early 1960s in theatre, art, novels, film and television plays, whose protagonists usually could be described as " angry young men " who were disillusioned with modern society. It used a style of social realism which depicted the domestic situations of working-class Britons, living in cramped rented accommodation and spending their off-hours drinking in grimy pubs , to explore controversial social and political issues ranging from abortion to homelessness. The harsh, realistic style contrasted sharply with
4788-410: The presence of cerebral microbleeds, chronic kidney disease , and low low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (usually below 70). The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) such as the factor Xa inhibitors or direct thrombin inhibitors are thought to have a lower risk of intracerebral hemorrhage as compared to the vitamin K antagonists such as warfarin . Cigarette smoking may be a risk factor but
4864-504: The risk of death. Therefore, anticonvulsants are only reserved for those that have shown obvious clinical features of seizures or seizure activity on electroencephalography (EEG). H2 antagonists or proton pump inhibitors are commonly given to try to prevent stress ulcers , a condition linked with ICH. Corticosteroids were thought to reduce swelling. However, in large controlled studies, corticosteroids have been found to increase mortality rates and are no longer recommended. Surgery
4940-407: The risks of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage by two to six times. More common in adults than in children, intraparenchymal bleeds are usually due to penetrating head trauma , but can also be due to depressed skull fractures . Acceleration-deceleration trauma, rupture of an aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation (AVM), and bleeding within a tumor are additional causes. Amyloid angiopathy
5016-557: The screenplay. The film stars Richard Harris , Rachel Roberts , William Hartnell , and Alan Badel . It was Harris's first starring role, and won him the Best Actor Award at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival . He was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role , and the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role . For her work in the film, Roberts won her second BAFTA Award for Best Actress in
5092-423: The skull and surrounding dura mater supporting structures). Brain herniation is associated with hyperventilation , extensor rigidity , pupillary asymmetry, pyramidal signs , coma and death. Hemorrhage into the basal ganglia or thalamus causes contralateral hemiplegia due to damage to the internal capsule . Other possible symptoms include gaze palsies or hemisensory loss. Intracerebral hemorrhage into
5168-459: The supervision of the government. The leading characters are often ' anti-heroes ' rather than part of a class to be admired, as in Socialist realism. Typically, protagonists in social realism are dissatisfied with their working class lives and the world, rather than being idealised workers who are part of a Socialist utopia in the process of creation. As such, social realism allows more space for
5244-558: The use of corticosteroids is frequently avoided. Sometimes surgery to directly remove the blood can be therapeutic. Cerebral bleeding affects about 2.5 per 10,000 people each year. It occurs more often in males and older people. About 44% of those affected die within a month. A good outcome occurs in about 20% of those affected. Intracerebral hemorrhage, a type of hemorrhagic stroke, was first distinguished from ischemic strokes due to insufficient blood flow, so called "leaks and plugs", in 1823. The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage
5320-417: The ventricles of the brain, which may occur in 30–50% of patients, is also associated with long-term disability and a poor prognosis. Brain herniation is associated with poor prognoses. For spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage seen on CT scan, the death rate ( mortality ) is 34–50% by 30 days after the injury, and half of the deaths occur in the first 2 days. Even though the majority of deaths occur in
5396-399: The will, to survive. Frank sits with her, holding her hand and talking gently. Distracted by a large spider on the wall, when he looks back at Margaret, blood seeps from her mouth, and she dies. In his rage, Frank punches the spider. He does not speak to the children or their minder when he leaves the hospital. Returning to Margaret's house and breaking in by the back door, Frank wanders through
5472-486: Was a new interest among young painters in domestic scenes, with stress on the banality of life. Other artists associated with the kitchen sink style include Derrick Greaves, Edward Middleditch and Jack Smith . Before the 1950s, the United Kingdom's working class were often depicted stereotypically in Noël Coward 's drawing room comedies and British films. Kitchen sink realism was seen as being in opposition to
5548-620: Was all part of the British New Wave —a transposition of the concurrent nouvelle vague film movement in France, some of whose works, such as The 400 Blows of 1959, also emphasised the lives of the urban proletariat. British filmmakers such as Tony Richardson and Lindsay Anderson (see also Free Cinema ) channelled their vitriolic anger into film making. Confrontational films such as Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (1960) and A Taste of Honey (1961) were noteworthy movies in
5624-404: Was rooted in the ideals of social realism, an artistic movement expressed in the visual and other realist arts which depicts working class activities. Many artists who subscribed to social realism were painters with socialist political views. While the movement has some commonalities with Socialist Realism , another style of realism which was the "official art" advocated by the governments of
5700-467: Was then a staple of the medium, and Armchair Theatre (1956–68), produced by the ITV contractor ABC , The Wednesday Play (1964–70) and Play for Today (1970–84), both BBC series, contained many works of this kind. Jeremy Sandford 's television play Cathy Come Home (1966, directed by Ken Loach for The Wednesday Play slot) for instance, addressed the issue of homelessness. Kitchen sink realism
5776-653: Was used in the novels of Stan Barstow , John Braine , Alan Sillitoe and others. The influence of kitchen sink realism has continued in the work of other more recent British directors such as Ken Loach (whose first directorial roles were in late 1960s kitchen sink dramas) and Mike Leigh . Other directors to continue working within the spirit of kitchen sink realism include Shane Meadows , Andrea Arnold , Clio Barnard , and Lynne Ramsay . The term "neo kitchen sink" has been used for films such as Leigh's 2004 Vera Drake . Cerebral haemorrhage Intracerebral hemorrhage ( ICH ), also known as hemorrhagic stroke ,
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