Tropical savanna climate or tropical wet and dry climate is a tropical climate sub-type that corresponds to the Köppen climate classification categories Aw (for a dry "winter") and As (for a dry "summer"). The driest month has less than 60 mm (2.4 in) of precipitation and also less than 100 − ( Total Annual Precipitation (mm) 25 ) {\textstyle 100-\left({\frac {\text{Total Annual Precipitation (mm)}}{25}}\right)} mm of precipitation.
31-731: Tirupathur or Tirupattur is the headquarters of Tirupathur district in the state of Tamil Nadu in India and is one of the oldest inhabited places in the state, with a history of over 1,600 years. The town is known for an abundance of sandalwood in the surrounding hills. It is located about 89 km (55 mi) from Vellore , 85 km (53 mi) from Hosur , 60 km (37 mi) from Dharmapuri , 50 km (31 mi) from Krishnagiri , 50 km (31 mi) from Thiruvannamalai , 279 km (173 mi) from coimbatore , 210 km (130 mi) from Chennai , and 125 km (78 mi) from Bangalore . From inscriptions surveyed by
62-416: A total of four taluks. Tirupattur Revenue Division : Tirupattur , Natrampalli Vaniyambadi Revenue Division : Vaniyambadi , Ambur Proposed Taluks: Jolarpettai , Alangayam Proposed Municipalities: Natrampalli , Alangayam Proposed Town Panchayats: Kandhili , Madhanur , Jaffrabad , Thuthipattu , Kailasagiri , Pachchal , Valayambattu Tiruppattur, Vellore Assembly constituency
93-486: A tropical area while winter precipitation remains sufficient to preclude a hot semi-arid climate ( BSh ) and temperatures in the summer months are warm enough to preclude a Mediterranean climate ( Csa/Csb ) classification. This is the case East Africa (Mombasa, Kenya, Somalia), Sri Lanka ( Trincomalee ) and coastal regions of Northeastern Brazil (from São Luís through Natal to Maceió ), for instance. The difference between "summer" and "winter" in such tropical locations
124-401: A tropical savanna climate tends to either see less overall rainfall than a tropical monsoon climate or have more pronounced dry season(s). It is impossible for a tropical savanna climate to have more than 2,500 mm (98 in) as such would result in a negative value in that equation. In tropical savanna climates, the dry season can become severe, and often drought conditions prevail during
155-423: Is 46.3 °C (115.3 °F) on 7 May 1976. The lowest ever recorded temperature is 10.2 °C (50.4 °F) on 15 December 1974. The highest 24‑hour precipitation is 167.3 mm (6.59 in) received on 4 November 1966. The average annual rainfall being received in the town is 877 mm (34.5 in). The climate is classified as tropical. In winter, there is much less rainfall than in summer. This climate
186-494: Is considered to be a tropical savanna climate ( Aw according to the Köppen–Geiger climate classification ). According to 2011 census , Tirupathur had a population of 83,612 with a sex-ratio of 1,010 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 7,255 were under the age of six, constituting 3,717 males and 3,538 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 18.33% and 0.43% of
217-422: Is one of the 38 districts in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu . The district was formed in 2019 by the division of Vellore district into three smaller districts. Its creation alongside Ranipet district was announced on 15 August 2019, and it was officially declared on 28 November 2019. The town of Tirupattur serves as the district headquarters. The district is bordered by Vellore district to
248-523: Is surrounded by orchards, rose gardens, and valleys. Jalagambarai waterfalls the most popular waterfall in Tiruattur and Vellore district is located behind the Yellagiri Hills. The Jalagambarai falls is located 10 kms from Tirupattur town which attracts several tourists from Bengaluru and Chennai along the weekends. The Jawadu Hills are located about 35 km (22 mi) from Tirupathur. In
279-815: Is the assembly constituency. Since 2016 Tiruppattur, Vellore Assembly constituency is represented in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by A Nallathambi of DMK party . He was reelected in 2021. This Tamil Nadu location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Tropical savanna climate This latter fact is in a direct contrast to a tropical monsoon climate , whose driest month sees less than 60 mm (2.4 in) of precipitation but has more than 100 − ( Total Annual Precipitation (mm) 25 ) {\textstyle 100-\left({\frac {\text{Total Annual Precipitation (mm)}}{25}}\right)} of precipitation. In essence,
310-531: Is under the administrative control of the Southern Railways which is the beginning boundary of Salem Railway Division. It is two km (1.2 mi) from the bus stand. To the north, Jolarpettai Junction which is one of the important railway junction in Tamil Nadu. It (8 km [5.0 mi]) is the nearest junction, and to the south-west, Morappur is the next station. Due to proximity to
341-501: Is usually so slight that a distinction between an As and Aw climate is trivial. In most places that have tropical wet and dry climates, however, the dry season occurs during the time of lower sun and shorter days because of reduction of or lack of convection , which in turn is due to the meridional shifts of the Intertropical Convergence Zone during the entire course of the year, based on which hemisphere
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#1732791265019372-469: Is very close to the Yelagiri hills, a major hill station of Tamil Nadu . The town is at an average elevation of 388 m (1,273 ft). The Jawadhu Hills , a part of the eastern ghats , are to the east of Tirupathur. The major group of soils found in the town are black (10 percent) and red (90 varieties). Tirupathur town has 56.059 km (34.833 mi) of roads. Tirupathur is known for recording
403-683: The Archaeological Survey of India in Tirupathur, it is estimated that the town is more than 1,600 years old. Under the Chola , Vijayanagara , and Hoysala dynasties, the town was variously called Sri Mathava Chaturvedi Mangalam, Veera Narayana Chaturvedi Mangalam, Tiruperur, Brahmapuram and Brahmeeswaram. Tirupathur means "Ten Towns". It is a Taluk , with villages such as Aathiyur (Beginning) and Kodiyur (Ending). It has many ancient Vishnu and Shiva temples, and water tanks built during
434-650: The Guajira , and Coro, western Venezuela, the northernmost peninsulas in South America, which receive <300 mm (11.8 in) total annual precipitation, practically all in two or three months). This condition extends to the Lesser Antilles and Greater Antilles forming the Circumcaribbean dry belt. The length and severity of the dry season diminishes inland (southward); at the latitude of
465-529: The Hoysala Dynasty . It is well connected by road and rail to the other important cities of Tamil Nadu such as Vellore , Chennai , Salem , Coimbatore and Thiruvannamalai and to Bangalore in Karnataka . The town has the resting places of many Islamic saints. As of 2011, the town had a population of 64,125. Tiruppattur is located 137 miles (220 km) from Madras along the south-west line of
496-869: The Madras Railway . Historically, it has been a favoured administrative station and was the original British capital of then Salem district . Colonel Alexander Read , the first Collector of the district, established his headquarters in Tiruppattur in 1792. The town was a part of the Salem district, and later of Vellore district. The Tirupathur sub-division includes Tirupathur, Nattrampalli, Vaniyambadi and Ambur taluks . Anna Rajam Malhotra , India's first female Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer, K P S Menon Jr., former foreign secretary to Prime Minister Narendra Modi , and Dr. T V Somanathan were sub-collectors of Tirupathur during their initial career. In 1886,
527-624: The Amazon river—which flows eastward, just south of the equatorial line—the climate is Af. East from the Andes, between the arid Caribbean and the ever-wet Amazon, are the Orinoco river Llanos or savannas , from where this climate takes its name. Sometimes As is used in place of Aw if the dry season occurs during the time of higher sun and longer days. This is typically due to a rain shadow effect that cuts off ITCZ-triggered summer precipitation in
558-466: The Jolarpettai railway junction, only a few express trains halt here. The nearest airports are at Salem (105 km [65 mi]) and Vellore (85 km [53 mi]), while the nearest international airports are at Bengaluru (135 km [84 mi]) and Chennai (225 km [140 mi]). Tirupathur district Tirupattur district , or Tirupathur district ,
589-530: The Legislative Assembly ), and part of Thiruvannamalai constituency for the Lok Sabha ( Member of Parliament as of 2009 elections ). As of 15 August 2019, the trifurcation of Vellore district resulted in the formation of the Tirupathur district, with Tirupathur town as its headquarters. Tirupathur is called "Sandalwood Town" due to the abundance of sandalwood trees in the surrounding hills. It
620-441: The Tirupathur municipality was constituted as a grade three municipality. As per the government order No. 194 dated 10.02.1970, it was reclassified as a second grade municipality. At present, as per the government order No. 654 dated 1.4.1977, it has been reclassified as a first grade municipality. Tirupattur's population and land area are good enough to have political representations in the state legislature of Tamil Nadu ( Member of
651-492: The coolest temperature in the Tamil Nadu plains during winter. The seasonal climate conditions are moderate and the weather is uniformly salubrious. The town experiences sweltering summers and warm winters. The town gets the majority of its rainfall during the south west monsoon period. September and October are the wettest months with around 400 mm (16 in) of rain. The town also experiences fairly frequent thunderstorms in late April and May, which gives necessary relief from
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#1732791265019682-421: The course of the year. Tropical savanna climates often feature tree-studded grasslands due to its dryness, rather than thick jungle. It is this widespread occurrence of tall, coarse grass (called savanna) which has led to Aw and As climates often being referred to as the tropical savanna. However, there is some doubt whether tropical grasslands are climatically induced. Additionally, pure savannas, without trees, are
713-613: The exception rather than the rule. There are generally four types of tropical savanna climates: Tropical savanna climates are most commonly found in Africa , Asia , Central America , and South America . The climate is also prevalent in sections of northern Australia , the Pacific Islands, in extreme southern North America in south Florida , and some islands in the Caribbean . Most places that have this climate are found at
744-506: The heat, along with a dip in night temperatures. The warmest nights are in May, when the town has an average minimum temperature of 23.4 °C (74.1 °F). The coldest nights are in January, when the average minimum temperatures drop to 16.1 °C (61.0 °F). May is the hottest month with an average maximum of 37.0 °C (98.6 °F). The highest ever temperature recorded in the town
775-687: The highway (NH 46) from Chennai to Krishnagiri (via) Nattrampalli passes through the town. The town is separated from Chennai (225 km [140 mi]), Bangalore (130 km [81 mi]), Vellore (87 km [54 mi]) and Salem (108 km [67 mi]). Several state highways connect the town from Dharmapuri (60 km [37 mi]), Krishnagiri (40 km [25 mi]), Vaniyambadi (22 km [14 mi]), Harur (47 km [29 mi]), and Salem (108 km [67 mi]). Frequent buses are available to Chennai, Vellore, Harur, Salem, Bangalore, and Villupuram . The Tirupathur railway junction
806-562: The middle of this hill lies the Vainu Bappu Observatory (also known as Kavalur Observatory ), which has several optical and reflective telescopes run and governed by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics . The Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC) provides 85% of transport facilities to this town. Tirupathur is well connected by road and rail to major cities of India. Regarding transportation linkage,
837-469: The northeast, Krishnagiri district to the southwest, Tiruvannamalai district to the southeast, and the Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh to the northwest. National Highway 48 passes through the district. Tirupattur district was created by the splitting off of the three southwestern taluks of Vellore district: Tirupattur , Vaniyambadi , and Ambur . The district now includes Natrampalli for
868-780: The outer margins of the tropical zone , but occasionally an inner-tropical location (e.g., San Marcos , Antioquia , Colombia ) also qualifies. Similarly, the Caribbean coast, eastward from the Gulf of Urabá on the Colombia – Panamá border to the Orinoco river delta , on the Atlantic Ocean (ca. 4,000 km (2,485 mi)), have long dry periods (the extreme is the BSh climate (see below), characterized by very low, unreliable precipitation, present, for instance, in extensive areas in
899-481: The population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 76.22%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The town had a total of 14,084 households. There were a total of 22,895 workers, comprising 240 cultivators, 161 main agricultural laborers, 1,145 in household industries, 18,782 other workers, 2,567 marginal workers, 38 marginal cultivators, 27 marginal agricultural laborers, 246 marginal workers in household industries and 2,256 other marginal workers. As per
930-405: The religious census of 2011, Tirupathur (M) had 81.93% Hindus , 16.39% Muslims , 1.52% Christians , 0.03% Sikhs , 0.02% Buddhists , 0.11% Jains , 0.00% following other religions and 0.01% following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference. Since 2016, Tirupattur assembly constituency is represented in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by A Nallathambi of DMK party . He
961-587: Was re-elected in 2021. Tirupattur is part of Tiruvannamalai Lok Sabha constituency. The present MP (elected in 2019) of the Tiruvannamalai Lok Sabha Constituency is Annadurai. Yelagiri is a hill station on the Vaniyambadi –Tirupathur Road, midway between Chennai and Bangalore. Located at an altitude of 1,050 m (3,440 ft) and spread across 30 km (12 sq mi), Yelagiri village (also spelt Elagiri)