Tlatelolco ( Classical Nahuatl : Mēxihco-Tlatelōlco [tɬateˈloːɬko] , modern Nahuatl pronunciation ) (also called Mexico Tlatelolco ) was a pre-Columbian altepetl , or city-state, in the Valley of Mexico . Its inhabitants, known as the Tlatelolca , were part of the Mexica , a Nahuatl -speaking people who arrived in what is now central Mexico in the 13th century. The Mexica settled on an island in Lake Texcoco and founded the altepetl of Mexico-Tenochtitlan on the southern portion of the island. In 1337, a group of dissident Mexica broke away from the Tenochca leadership in Tenochtitlan and founded Mexico-Tlatelolco on the northern portion of the island. Tenochtitlan was closely tied with its sister city, which was largely dependent on the market of Tlatelolco, the most important site of commerce in the area.
17-846: [REDACTED] Look up tlatelolca in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Tlatelolco may refer to: Tlatelolco (altepetl) , a pre-Columbian Aztec citystate Tlatelolco (archaeological site) , an archaeological site in Mexico City, location of the Aztec citystate Tlatelolco, Mexico City , an area in the Cuauhtémoc borough of Mexico City Conjunto Urbano Nonoalco Tlatelolco , mega apartment complex The Tlatelolco massacre of 1968 in which Mexican police and military forces killed more than 300 protesting students Tlatelolco metro station ,
34-715: A station on the Mexico City Metro Tlatelolco (Mexico City Metrobús) , a BRT station in Mexico City Treaty of Tlatelolco , a treaty for the prohibition of nuclear weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean Codex of Tlatelolco , a pictorial central Mexican manuscript Topos de Tlatelolco , a rescue brigade Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
51-533: Is a first-person narrative written in 1568 by military adventurer, conquistador , and colonist settler Bernal Díaz del Castillo (1492–1584), who served in three Mexican expeditions: those of Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (1517) to the Yucatán peninsula ; the expedition of Juan de Grijalva (1518); and the expedition of Hernán Cortés (1519) in the Valley of Mexico . The history relates his participation in
68-591: The Tlatelolco (archaeological site) in what is now part of Mexico City . The excavations of the prehispanic city-state are centered on the Plaza de las Tres Culturas , a square surrounded on three sides by an excavated Aztec site, a 17th-century church called Templo de Santiago , and the modern office complex of the Mexican foreign ministry . In February 2009, the discovery of a mass grave with 49 human bodies
85-567: The Spanish conquistadores and their allies, but would ultimately fall along with the rest of the island to Spain . After the completion of the two-year Spanish Conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521, the Spanish conquerors established the ruins of Mexico-Tenochtitlan as the Spanish capital of New Spain . The remnants of the indigenous populations of Tenochtitlan and Tlatelolco following the conquest were administered by indigenous elites in
102-596: The conquest of the Aztec Empire . Late in life, when Díaz del Castillo was in his 60s, he finished his first-person account of the Spanish conquest of the West Indies and the Aztec Empire. He wrote The True History of the Conquest of New Spain to defend the story of the common-soldier conquistador within the histories about the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire. He presents his narrative as an alternative to
119-411: The conquistadors proved a poor return for their investment of months of soldiering and fighting across Mexico and Central America, and Díaz del Castillo expresses his discontentment and bittterness about his and the other soldiers’ treatment by the Spanish government. Though Díaz del Castillo justifies his and the other Spaniards’ actions through the lens of a just war , he does express some regret over
136-446: The critical writings of Bartolomé de Las Casas , whose descriptions of Spanish treatment of native peoples emphasized the cruelty of the conquest. He also criticized the histories of the hagiographic biographers of Hernán Cortés, specifically that of Francisco López de Gómara , who Díaz del Castillo believed minimized the role of the 700 enlisted soldiers instrumental to conquering the Aztec Empire. In his eyewitness account, narrated in
153-628: The first war between the Tenochca and Tlatelolca erupted. Also during Tlacateotl's reign, the third stage of the Main Pyramid was constructed. Under Quauhtlatoa (1428–1460), the Tlatelolca conquered the city-state of Ahuilizapan (now Orizaba, Veracruz ), and fought against the people of Chalco along with the Tenochca. The fourth and fifth stages of the Main Pyramid were constructed in this period. The ruler Moquihuix (1460–1473) constructed
170-404: The first-person plural "we," Díaz del Castillo strongly defends the actions of the conquistadors while emphasizing their humanity and honesty. He summarizes their actions by saying, "We went there to serve God, and also to get rich." The history is occasionally uncharitable about Cortés, whom Díaz del Castillo felt had taken most of the glory for himself while intentionally ignoring the efforts of
187-499: The foundation of Tenochtitlan, the Tlatelolca declared themselves independent from the Tenochca and inaugurated their first independent tlatoani (dynastic ruler). Under the king Quaquapitzahuac (1376–1417), the first two stages of the Main Pyramid of Tlatelolco were constructed. Under Tlacateotl (1417–1428), the Tlatelolca assisted the Tenochca in the war against the Tepanec empire, dominated by Azcapotzalco . Shortly thereafter,
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#1732765527487204-643: The incorporated Indian towns of Santiago Tlatelolco and San Juan Tenochtitlan. Tlatelolco remained an important location in the colonial era, partly because of the foundation there, of the school for elite indigenous men, the Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco , which was the first school of higher learning in the Americas. Today its remains are located within Mexico City . In the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, archeological excavations have taken place at
221-528: The other Spaniards and their indigenous allies. Díaz del Castillo also criticizes some of Cortés’ decisions during the expedition as selfish or unjust, such as the torture and execution of Tlatoani (emperor) Cuauhtémoc . Like other professional soldiers who participated in the conquest of New Spain, Díaz del Castillo found himself among the ruins of Tenochtitlán only slightly wealthier than when he arrived in Mexico. The land and gold compensation paid to many of
238-531: The sixth stage of the temple, but in 1473, in the Battle of Tlatelolco , he was defeated by the Tenochca tlatoani Axayacatl , and Tlatelolco was made subject to Tenochtitlan. Itzcuauhtzin ruled Tlatelolco during a period in which it was almost completely incorporated into Tenochtitlan. In his Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España , conquistador Bernal Díaz del Castillo made several observations regarding Tlatelolco. He opined that its temple
255-518: The title Tlatelolco . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tlatelolco&oldid=1230551876 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages tlatelolca In 1337, thirteen years after
272-423: Was announced by archaeologists. The grave is considered unusual because the bodies are laid out ritually. 19°27′04″N 99°08′15″W / 19.4511°N 99.1375°W / 19.4511; -99.1375 Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva Espa%C3%B1a Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España ( transl. The True History of the Conquest of New Spain )
289-465: Was the greatest in all of Mexico. Regarding its marketplace, he wrote that the Spanish "were astonished at the number of people and the quantity of merchandise that it contained, and at the good order and control that was maintained, for we had never seen such a thing before." During Cortés's siege of Tenochtitlan , the Mexicas would retreat to Tlatelolco, and even achieve a successful ambush against
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