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75-682: A Baptist Edition also exists for the use of Reformed Baptist congregations. The 1961 hymnal was originally compiled by the Orthodox Presbyterian Church in 1961 as a hymnbook that would include traditional hymns as well as musical arrangements of the Psalms suitable for Reformed worship . The 1990 hymnal is official (but not required) in the Presbyterian Church in America and Orthodox Presbyterian Church, and

150-467: A branch of Primitive Baptists [primitivism] that clearly rejected modern innovations such as Sunday Schools, Tract Societies, Mission Boards they held to a more historical style of early Baptist worship and stricter gospel order. The Old Regular Baptist in Appalachia were more tolerant in doctrine, originally allowing for different views on the atonement . [This stems from an earlier agreement made by

225-469: A congregationalist polity . The group of Strict Baptists called Strict and Particular Baptists are Baptists who believe in a Calvinist interpretation of Christian salvation . The Particular Baptists arose in England in the 17th century, led by a radical travelling minister named William Gadsby , and took their name from the doctrine of particular redemption , while the term "strict" refers to

300-418: A doctrine that is between these extremes, with absolutism the smallest minority. The Old Regular Baptists are united in their eschatology, all factions hold that the binding of Satan took place during Christ's earthly ministry and that the thousand years is to be taken symbolically as it represents a period of time. That there will be a Last Day and General Judgement [an hour in which all the dead will be raised,

375-608: A modified General Atonement. The original compromise on the Atonement made by the Regular and Separate Baptist was never kept, it then led to doctrinal splits, on the Atonement issue, these divisions were widespread throughout Appalachia. Statements were made by some of the Mountain Associations, that Christ made a full atonement for all those that have believed and those that will believe and that these believers were

450-485: Is first then Conversion is manifested by true faith and repentance in which a Godly sorrow sets up in the quickened individual's heart and they are sorrowed to repentance and mourning in which after the Godly sorrow has sorrowed them to repentance they profess a burden of sin being removed and take comfort in the gospel and express an experience of grace. Old Regular Baptist holding those views Monergism are often derided as

525-930: Is a fellowship for Baptist churches in Canada holding to either the Baptist Confession of 1644 or 1689 . SGF had 10 member churches when it was formally inaugurated, located in New Brunswick and Ontario . As of 2012, there were 14 churches, including the Jarvis Street Baptist Church in Toronto. SGF is one of the Baptist groups associated with the Toronto Baptist Seminary and Bible College . Old Regular Baptists The Old Regular Baptist denomination

600-631: Is a modest association, the Comunhão Reformada Batista do Brasil (Baptist Reformed Communion of Brazil) sprung mostly from the work of US missionary Richard Denham at São José dos Campos, SP . As it did not correspond to expectations of dynamism and effectiveness, it is being supplanted by a newer Convention, the Convenção Batista Reformada do Brasil  [ pt ] (Baptist Reformed Convention of Brazil). The Sovereign Grace Fellowship of Canada (SGF)

675-532: Is a significant summary of the beliefs of Reformed Baptists. The name "Reformed Baptist" dates from the latter part of the 20th century to denote Baptists who retained Baptist ecclesiology, and reaffirmed Reformed biblical theology, such as Covenant theology . Particular Baptists are a group that broke away from the Church of England in the 17th century. They adhere to a higher degree of Reformed theology than other Calvinistic Baptist groups and usually subscribe to

750-632: Is also approved by denominations such as the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church . This version includes responsive readings from all 150 Psalms and The Westminster Confession of Faith. In 1995, the Trinity Hymnal (Baptist Edition) was published and is identical to the 1961 hymnal, other than an addition of 42 Psalter selections, and a few changes related to doctrine. Hymns supporting infant baptism were replaced with ones about believer's baptism , and

825-897: Is one of several Baptists who have written in support of Calvinism. While the Southern Baptist Convention remains split on Calvinism, there are a number of explicitly Reformed Baptist groups in the United States, including the Confessional Baptist Association , the Continental Baptist Churches , the Sovereign Grace Baptist Association of Churches , and other Sovereign Grace Baptists . Such groups have had some theological influence from other Reformed denominations, such as

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900-871: Is one of the oldest in Appalachia with roots in both the Regular and Separate Baptists of the American Colonies and the Particular Baptist of Great Britain. This group has seen a marked decline in its membership during the last two decades. Part of the decline may be attributable to orthodox biblical interpretations like a dress code where men must wear long pants, not shorts , and women must wear long dresses. Other such interpretations include women not being allowed to cut their hair or speak publicly on church business, although women can frequently shout while praising. Members who do not comply with

975-489: Is referenced as the "Light of Christ" doctrine ( I Peter 2:9 ) also known as the "Light is Life" doctrine. This view teaches that faith and repentance are the effects of regeneration and not the cause of regeneration. They hold that the individual is quickened by the Spirit and has eternal or everlasting life prior to belief and repentance the gospel brings life and immortality to light but has no part in regeneration. Regeneration

1050-572: Is referred to as the "Softshell Side"[see Fullerites]. There is one side of the Synergistic Old Regular Baptist that teaches that God dealt to everyman universally a " measure of faith" and it must be put to work by the creature in order for salvation to occur. This teaching has been recorded in the minutes of some of the Conditional Salvation advocates Annual Association Minutes. There are ministers within

1125-596: Is the only English version used] Sinners are called to Repentance, that both faith and repentance are required prior to baptism, justification is by the Imputed Righteousness of God. Churches form local associations by which they fellowship with one another. This fellowship is formally maintained by the election of correspondents to attend the meetings of the other associations. Preachers are God-called (not trained by man), unpaid, and preach improvisational (often chanted) sermons. Baptism (in running water),

1200-621: Is their lined-out, non-instrumental, congregational hymnody . According to Jeff Titon, "The leader sings the very first line, and the congregation joins in when they recognize the song. After that, the song proceeds line by line: the leader briefly chants a line alone, and then the group repeats the words but to a tune that is much longer and more elaborate than the leader's chant or lining tune." E. D. Thomas' Hymns and Spiritual Songs (1877) and Edward W. Billups' The Sweet Songster (1854) are two of several "words-only" hymn books preferred by these churches. The practice of lining out psalms and hymns

1275-501: The "Hardshell Side". The Synergist side holding that a man must repent and believe in order to be regenerated, and that through the Creature obeying, making up his mind, taking heed to the light and call, he then being enabled by grace and the light that leads one to life. They reject an effectual call and light is not synonymous with life, the creature can reject the light and be lost eternally, light and life are separate entities, this

1350-566: The Five Points of Calvinism , to accepting a modified form of federalism ; all Calvinistic Baptists reject the classical Reformed teaching on infant baptism . While the Reformed Baptist confessions affirm views of the nature of baptism similar to those of the classical Reformed, they reject infants as the proper subjects of baptism. The first Calvinistic Baptist church was formed in the 1630s. The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith

1425-537: The London Confession of 1689 . Significant figures include John Bunyan , John Gill , and Charles Spurgeon . In the last century, the group became more popular as more Baptists identified with Puritan teachings. Groups calling themselves Strict Baptists are often differentiated from other denominations calling themselves "Reformed Baptists", sharing the same Calvinist doctrine, but differing on ecclesiastical polity ; "Strict Baptists" generally prefer

1500-537: The Lord's supper and feet washing are held to be ordinances. Shouting is a frequent occurrence at an Old Regular meeting, particularly among the female membership. Conversion experiences may be a lengthy process, beginning with an awakening to sin, through a period of conviction and travail of the soul, to repentance and belief. One noted feature that has gained much attention to the Old Regular Baptists

1575-486: The Orthodox Presbyterian Church . An example of this is the 1995 adaptation of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church's Trinity Hymnal which was published for Reformed Baptist churches in America as the Trinity Hymnal (Baptist Edition) . By 2000, Reformed Baptist groups in the United States totaled about 16,000 people in 400 congregations. Several Reformed Baptist Seminaries currently operate in

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1650-513: The Westminster Confession of Faith was replaced by the 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith . Reformed Baptist Christianity • Protestantism Reformed Baptists , Particular Baptists and Calvinistic Baptists , are Baptists that hold to a Calvinist soteriology (salvation belief). Depending on the denomination, Calvinistic Baptists adhere to varying degrees of Reformed theology, ranging from simply embracing

1725-721: The Afrikaanse Baptiste Kerke's 34 churches follow reformed doctrine, as opposed to the mainly English speaking Baptist Union of Southern Africa , which does not. There is a small but growing network of Reformed Baptist churches in Europe. The Italian churches are organized in the Evangelical Reformed Baptist Churches in Italy association; several French speaking churches sprung from the work of English missionary Stuart Olyott at

1800-807: The Association with their Church letters in hand, along with other Sister Old Regular Baptist Association's delegates with their Association letters. These delegates and Churches and Associations all holding to a Strict or Special Limited atonement. One of the New Salem Association's oldest Churches the Stone Coal Church of Garrett, Kentucky [the delegates] walked out and eventually the Church divided into two bodies, an Absolute Predestination side and Limited Predestination side. The Limited predestination side believed that God predestinated

1875-619: The Charleston Confession (1761, adopted from the London without changes). When the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary was founded, its governing confession, the abstract of principles, was summarized form of the 1689 London Baptist Confession, and its founding president, James P. Boyce wrote his "Abstract of Systematic Theology" from an evident Calvinist position. The first major shift at

1950-636: The Constitution and Articles of Faith. There are 12 member churches, half of which are located in Michigan . The association is recognised as an endorsing agent for United States military chaplains . Notable Reformed Baptist figures in Africa include Conrad Mbewe in Zambia , who has been compared to Spurgeon; Kenneth Mbugua and John Musyimi of Emmanuel Baptist Church Nairobi, Kenya. In South Africa ,

2025-1063: The Elkhorn Association organized in 1765 the Licking Association organized in 1810 even the Philadelphia organized 1707 and the Ketockton organized on August 19, 1766, joining and organizing Churches that were to become the Old Regular Baptist. The New Salem Association of Old Regular Baptist was established in 1825, this Association was an arm of the Burning Springs Association. The New Salem Association has undergone several name changes from Baptist to Regular United in 1854, to Regular Primitive in 1870, to Regular Baptist in 1871 and then in 1892 to Old Regular . Names that were synonymous with "Old Regular Baptist" at least in

2100-526: The Executive Committee to screen candidates and recommend them to the churches for support. They currently (2009) are supporting one missionary endeavour. The Publication Committee reviews and approves submissions, and supplies literature to the churches. Grace News is published quarterly. A Confession of Faith was adopted in 1991. Membership in the SGBA is open to any Baptist church subscribing to

2175-608: The Mates Creek Regular Primitive Baptist are both descendants of the New Salem Old Regular Baptist Association. These Associations and the Burning Springs Association all used the name "Regular" and "Old Regular" along with Primitive interchangeably. The word old was added to Regular Baptist soon after many Regular Baptists had joined and began to correspond with mission boards. This was done to distinguish

2250-708: The New Salem Association of Old Regular Baptist. The Burning Springs Association (1813), Red Bird Association (1823), Mountain Association (1856), Red River Association (1876) were all directly descended from the North District Association. The Mud River Association (1888), Twin Creek Association (1850) Spencer Association (1898), and others originated from different clusters of churches and associations. In Virginia and elsewhere, some Old Regular Baptist Churches descended from

2325-816: The Northern New Salem. The two member churches, and one formed later, lettered to the Original Mountain Liberty Association and was found to be orthodox and orderly and were dismissed to form the Sovereign Grace Association in 1997. The Sovereign Grace Association's doctrine would be in total harmony with the Old Line Primitive Baptists of today or close to the Original Philadelphia Association of

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2400-570: The Old (or original) Regular Baptists from the New School Baptists that had emerged throughout the United States. The terms "Old School", "Old Regular", "Old Order", and "Primitive" came into usage during the same time period and were being added to the Baptist name to show they were of the old form of worship and had rejected what they considered modern innovations such as Sunday or Sabbath Schools, theological seminaries, missions boards and

2475-603: The Old Line Primitive Baptist. There are factions of Old Regular Baptist that are in doctrinal sympathy with the "Old" United Baptist. These "Old" United Baptist share the same heritage as the Old Regular and Primitive Baptist Churches and are Old School in practice [The Separate Baptist and Particular (Regular) Baptists]. In the 1990s, a debate arose in the Northern New Salem over one of its member churches' use of fermented wine in communion (wine

2550-477: The Old Regular Baptist that hold the " Duty Faith" and "The Measure of Faith" doctrines as heresy and claim it was invented in the 1960s in Southwestern Virginia, after the light of Christ division came about, any prior reference to the terminology in Old Regular Baptist records or usage has the measure of faith as a gift to the regenerated and not the unregenerated. The Old Regular Baptists are

2625-864: The Pineville Primitive Baptist Association of West Virginia. The Twin Creek Association formed from a split in the Licking River Particular Baptist Association in 1850. The Twin Creek Association was one of the first Associations in Kentucky to title itself "Old Regular Baptist" in 1850. The churches that made up the Twin Creek Association had roots in the Elkhorn Association Regular Baptist Association {Kentucky}. When

2700-578: The Reformed Baptist movement in the UK. Benjamin Keach, John Gill, John Rippon (1751–1836), Charles Spurgeon, and Peter Masters (mentioned below) have all pastored this same congregation. Their characteristic traits may be the founder (Keach, signer of the 1689), theologian (Gill), hymnist (Rippon), preacher (Spurgeon), and restorer (Masters). The 1950s saw a renewed interest in Reformed theology among Baptists in

2775-673: The Regular and Separate Baptist when forming the United Baptist in Kentucky] While the doctrine of some traditional Old Regular Baptists [Gillites] would be in harmony with the London or Philadelphia Confessions of Faith advocating Limited or Particular Atonement, others among the Old Regulars hold to a more modified Calvinism and to Andrew Fuller's view of the atonement, Universal/Limited [see Fullerism or Fullerites] and yet there are some ministers and members that hold to

2850-587: The Saints . Groups calling themselves "Sovereign Grace Baptists" have been particularly influenced by the writings of John Gill in the 18th century. Among American Baptists who have revived such Calvinist ideas were Rolfe P. Barnard and Henry T. Mahan, who organised the first Sovereign Grace Bible Conference in Ashland, Kentucky , in 1954, though groups designated as Sovereign Grace are not necessarily connected to them. Calvinistic Baptist groups presently using

2925-662: The Sandy Creek Association Churches, along with Churches form the Washington Association and Three Forks of Powell Valley Association. There are Old Regular Baptist Churches that were formed from or contained members who came directly with letters from the Philadelphia and Ketocton Association's Churches along with the Yadkin, Holston, Kehukee and Roaring River Association Churches. Elkhorn Regular Baptist Association of West Virginia and

3000-565: The Twin Creek Association of Old Regular Baptist dissolved, the remaining Churches went into the North District Association by letter. The Mud River Association originated from a split in the Pocatalico Particular Baptist Association in 1888. The Mud River used the title "Primitive Baptist" in correspondence with the New Salem Association for many years and later titled itself Regular or Old Regular Baptist. The Sandlick Regular Primitive Association and

3075-655: The UK. Peter Masters , pastor of the Metropolitan Tabernacle in London, created the London Reformed Baptist Seminary in 1975. Baptist churches in the United States continued to operate under the confessional statement, the 1689 London Baptist, but they renamed it according to the local associations in which it was adopted, first the Philadelphia Confession (1742, which includes two new chapters), then

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3150-506: The US; International Reformed Baptist Seminary (IRBS) , Covenant Baptist Theological Seminary , Grace Bible Theological Seminary, & Reformed Baptist Seminary are four that each subscribe to the 1689 London Baptist Confession in some form. The Sovereign Grace Baptist Association of Churches (SGBA), which was organized in 1984, sponsors an annual national conference and churches cooperate in missions, publications, retreats, camps and other activities. The Missionary Committee serves under

3225-421: The Union dismissed Bold Camp in error. The seven churches that left formed the Bethel Association of Old Regular Baptist. The New Salem Association leadership, seeing the chaos in the Union Association chose not to divide over this issue [Light and Life]. Today there are still debates among the Old Regular Baptists Churches over when one receives faith, men and women's dress, the receiving of divorced members, and

3300-511: The Union, the Mates Creek, and the Sandlick, divided. The New Salem also dropped correspondence with the Burning Springs Association, her mother, because she had members that belonged to secret orders. The United Baptist Associations were dropped for Secret Order and Mourners Benches. In the 1960s, a debate started over when eternal life began. Was regeneration the new birth before belief and repentance [conversion] or after faith and repentance [conversion]. There are Old Regular Baptists that hold

3375-432: The United States along with their sister Churches the Regular Primitive Baptist trace their history to Churches that sprang up in the American Colonies. These early Churches had been organized as Regular Baptist Churches and Separate Baptist Churches in Christ and were found from New England to Georgia. A great migration took place in the American Colonies and many pioneer Baptist migrated to western parts of Virginia and into

3450-632: The Washington District Association was organized as a Regular Baptist Association, although its origins are from the Holston Association which organized in 1786 by the authority of the Sandy Creek Separate Baptist Association. The Sandy Creek Separate Baptist self-organized in 1756. The Washington District Association however upon being organized adopted the Preambles and the Constitution of the Regular Baptist. The Old Regular Baptist Churches of today can be likewise be traced directly or indirectly to churches who were involved with these older associations. We find others who were involved as ministers and members of

3525-418: The atonement and was thereafter, able to navigate fairly peaceful. During the 1960s The " Light of Christ" or " Light is Life' split [Light is Life teaches immediate spontaneous regeneration] this division took place in the Union Association of Old Regular Baptist[New Salem Correspondence] 1961-1962 this doctrine was an argument over when eternal life was given, both sides held it was a gift given in time. This

3600-448: The author of man's sins and the doctrine of Arminianism that taught the works of the creature to be essential to eternal salvation. A circular letter in the Three Forks of Powell River began to circulate supporting Actual Eternal Vital Union. Debates in the Pulpit became more frequent as Brothers became more extreme in their views. The Old Regular Baptists of Central Appalachia have, in fact, experienced several different divisions through

3675-510: The concept of missions. Regular Baptists adhere to a Reformed soteriology. Those who are Old Regular Baptists largely hold to the tenets of Calvinism, "but maintain that God never predestined anyone to hell and that only those who do not heed the Word of God will be lost." Certain denominations of United Baptists teach a Reformed soteriology. Sovereign Grace Baptists in the broadest sense are any " Calvinistic " Baptists that accept God's sovereign grace in salvation and predestination. In

3750-478: The doctrinal differences over hope and knowledge . Some Old Regular Baptist do hold to some points of Arminianism vs others who are more Calvinistic. There are several factions of Old Regular Baptist at present, including the "Old" Regular Primitive Baptist who include the Mother Association[Burning Springs] and Daughter Associations of the New Salem [Mates Creek, Sandlick and Union]. There remains Churches and Associations that remain in direct doctrinal sympathy with

3825-464: The early history of this faith include, the Regular Predestinarian Baptist, Particular Baptist, Old School Baptist, United Baptist, Regular Primitive Baptist, and Old School or Old Order of Regular Baptist Churches and Associations. These terms held the same general meaning and have been used interchangeably by many of the Associations mentioned. There have been several Old Regular Baptist Associations and many Churches that have origins other than through

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3900-434: The elect chosen in Christ before the foundation of the world. This statement seemed to satisfy the different factions for a while. The Red Bird and Red River and Spencer, Sandlick, Mates Creek, Burning Springs, Mountain, Rock Springs, North District, Licking, with parts of the New Salem and Union along with Mud River, Twin Creek Associations of Old Regular Baptist held to Special or Limited Atonement. Strict Particular Atonement

3975-467: The formation of the Bethel. The Elders in the Mud River Association were more sympathetic to the doctrine of the six churches that left the Union Association. The Union Association's act of expulsion of the Bold Camp Church was considered a violation of the Union's Constitution by most Elders versed in discipline. There were seven churches that left the Union Association[ Bold Camp, Bethel, Mount Olive, Hylton, Longs Fork, Turner, Rose Hill] and others who felt

4050-461: The just and unjust]. Old Regular Baptists all believe in experimental grace, baptism by immersion, a called and regularly ordained ministry. Old Regular Baptist factions are in agreement believing that Christ is the Eternal Son of God, that he is now and has been and always will be Christ. Old Regular Baptists hold to the Godhead [being three in one], The Scriptures Old and New Testament being the written Word of God and infallibility thereof, [King James

4125-408: The like. The Old Regular Baptist in the late 1800s became concerned over the doctrines of "Absolute" Predestination of all things both good and evil, Actual Eternal Vital Union [Eternal Children Doctrine], and the Atonement. The Minutes of the New Salem Association in the year of 1892 stated that the New Salem Association feared the doctrine of an "Absolute" Predestination of all things that made God

4200-498: The narrower sense, certain churches and groups have preferred "Sovereign Grace" in their name, rather than using the terms "Calvinism", "Calvinist", or "Reformed Baptist". This includes some who prefer the 1644 Baptist Confession of Faith to the 1689 Confession , and who are critical of covenant theology . All of these groups generally agree with the Five Points of Calvinism – Total Depravity , Unconditional Election , Limited Atonement , Irresistible Grace , and Perseverance of

4275-462: The past. The theology of the Old Regular Baptists is "election by grace", as stated in the scripture : "By Grace are ye saved through faith." While all Old Regulars preach "election by grace", a difference of opinion exists among them concerning election and predestination. Today, depending on which faction you hear preach, their doctrine ranges from absolute predestination to man being a free moral agent . The majority of Old Regular Baptists hold to

4350-491: The practice of closed communion . Their religious beliefs continue in the Gospel Standard Strict Baptist denomination. Primitive Baptists adhere to a Reformed soteriology. Primitive Baptists emphasize the teaching that "God alone is the author of salvation and therefore any effort by human beings to make salvation happen or compel others to conversion is simply a form of 'works righteousness' that implies that sinners can affect their own salvation." As such, they have rejected

4425-435: The regions of Kentucky and Tennessee. In 1802 the North District Association was formed from the South Kentucky Association organized in 1788 the North District gave off the Burning Springs in 1813 which armed the New Salem Association in 1825. There were churches and Associations being organized likewise in Western and Southwestern Virginia. In 1800 the Greenbrier Association gave off Teays Valley Association in 1812. In 1811

4500-407: The resurgence of Calvinism in the United States, Time listed several Baptists among current Calvinist leaders. Albert Mohler , president of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary , is a strong advocate of Calvinism, although his stand has received opposition from inside the Southern Baptist Convention . John Piper , who was pastor at Bethlehem Baptist Church in Minneapolis for 33 years,

4575-408: The salvation of his elect people and that the saving of his people by his grace, but denied, that every event that occurs in time was predestinated, they believed in a Common Salvation [timely or in time that involved actions of the creature] and an eternal salvation [that was the sole work of the creator with no action of the creature] The Absolute Predestination side held every event that came to past

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4650-440: The same views as other Primitive Baptists bodies [both Old Line and Absolute Predestination Primitive Baptist] on regeneration that one is regenerated instantaneously on hearing the Voice of the Son of God [John 5:25]. These Old School Regular Baptist hold strictly that eternal life and salvation are given first in a free gift by the grace of God and that the elect are called by a holy calling ( II Timothy 1:9 ). This effectual call

4725-463: The seminary away from Calvinism came at the leadership of E. Y. Mullins , president from 1899 to 1928. Many of the developments in the U.K. mentioned above during the 1950s and following also made an impact on Baptists in America, seen especially in the Founders Movement (which was connected to the so-called "Conservative Resurgence" in the SBC) and in the works of men such as Walter Chantry, Roger Nicole , and Ernest Reisinger . In March 2009, noting

4800-419: The side holding more to a Fullerite View, Elder J.C Swindle [from Three Forks of Powell Valley] and Elder N.T Hopkins[New Salem] were champions of Andrew Fuller's Atonement view to the point that Elder N.T Hopkins declared the Fullerite {General} view to be the doctrine of the New Salem Association from the Pulpit this caused several delegates representing their home churches within the New Salem to abruptly leave

4875-518: The state of Washington . Currently, there are eight local associations in the New Salem correspondence, New Salem, Northern New Salem, Old Friendship, Old Indian Bottom, Philadelphia, Sardis, Union. The Indian Bottom, Sovereign Grace, Mountain #1 and Mountain #2 Friendship, Bethel are Independent bodies no longer associated with the New Salem cluster. These 14 associations and independent churches (not lettered to an association) contain over 350 churches with over 6,000 members. The folk singer Jean Ritchie

4950-469: The strict dress code and norms face being "churched", i.e., being kicked out of the congregation and possibly shunned. The Old Regular Baptist Faith and order with her many branches and factions still remains the dominant Faith in some rural Central Appalachian Counties along or near the Kentucky Virginia border. In most churches, the congregation maintains a collection of photographs of deceased members. The Old Regular Baptist Churches of Jesus Christ here in

5025-418: The term Sovereign Grace include the Sovereign Grace Baptist Association, the Sovereign Grace Fellowship of Canada , and some among the growing Calvinist strand of Independent Baptists , including several hundred Landmark Independent Baptist churches. Reformed Baptist churches in the UK go back to the 1630s. Notable early pastors include the author John Bunyan (1628–88), Benjamin Keach (1640–1704),

5100-407: The theologian John Gill (1697–1771), John Brine (1703–64), Andrew Fuller , and the missionary William Carey (1761–1834). Charles Spurgeon (1834–92), pastor to the New Park Street Chapel (later the Metropolitan Tabernacle ) in London , has been called "by far the most famous and influential preacher the Baptists had." The Metropolitan Tabernacle itself has been particularly influential in

5175-427: The years over doctrine and practice. In the late 19th century to early 20th century, they had major splits over the doctrine of Absolute Predestination of all things and Actual Eternal Vital Union and Eternal Creation theories; this was the cause of their largest split ever, in combination with their differences over the Atonement and Election doctrines that escalated splits and divisions. Three of New Salem's daughters,

5250-435: The Église réformée baptiste de Lausanne , VD , CH , started in the 1960s. There is a growing network of Reformed Baptist Churches in Ukraine. There are few small communities churches in Germany, where the largest is in Frankfurt am Main . In March 2023, a new national association of churches formed in the United Kingdom, organized as the "Association of Confessional Baptist Churches in the United Kingdom". In Brazil there

5325-449: Was once common across Britain and America. In the British Isles, but the only remaining vestige of the tradition can be found in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland , where it is done in Gaelic . The strength of Old Regular Baptists is in Appalachia , particularly along the Kentucky and Virginia border, although Old Regular Baptist churches exist as far north as Michigan and as far south as Florida , and several churches still exist in

5400-597: Was predestinated of God. Amazingly after several years apart under the Ministry of Elder Marion Chaffins both factions came back together. Several of the Churches that walked out after N.T Hopkins sermon were reconciled back to the New Salem Association the ministers decided among themselves to just preach the scriptures and that Christ died for all that believe and repent through Grace. The New Salem Association at one time contained ministers holding to three different views on

5475-625: Was the doctrine of the majority side of Mates Creek and Sandlick Associations and part of the Union Association at the time of the great divide it was the historical view of the Washington, Pocatalico, Three Forks of Powell River and the Elkhorn of West Virginia's view. The New Salem Association corresponded with the limited atonement side of the Union Association after the split and then later switched sides, and took correspondence with

5550-455: Was the original Regular Baptist custom) vs. grape juice. A query was sent into the association by a sister church against the church that used wine. All evidence shows that the church that sent the query had not taken the proper steps according to Old Regular Baptist decorum. The Association involved itself, failing to send the query back to the church that sent it, and violated its own orders. This led to two member churches breaking fellowship with

5625-611: Was the second time the Union Association had a large division over doctrine, [they had endured a previous split over Actual Eternal Vital Union and Absolute Predestination of all things both good and evil] the fallout of the Light of Christ division soon spread to other associations being brought on by requests sent to them from the Union Association. This split resulted in the isolation of the Mud River Association which advocated regeneration prior to faith and repentance, and

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