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41-514: Tsumagoi is situated on the northwestern corner of Gunma Prefecture , touching Nagano Prefecture to the north, south, and west. Because of its elevated location and the ash deposits of Mount Asama , Tsumagoi is well known for growing cabbages . Parts of the village are within the borders of then Jōshin'etsu-kōgen National Park . Gunma Prefecture Nagano Prefecture Tsumagoi has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb ) characterized by warm summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall, due to

82-500: A humid temperate zone with broad variations in temperature. Winters are arid with dry winds, while summers are humid with frequent thunderstorms. The population of Tochigi as of November 2010 is approximately 2,005,096. Located in the center of the prefecture is the largest open plain in the Kantō region. Shirane (2,578 metres (8,458 ft)), Nantai (2,484 metres (8,150 ft)) and Nasudake (1,917 metres (6,289 ft)) mountain are in

123-684: Is famous for its many gyoza specialist shops. Also located in Utsunomiya, Tochigi Prefecture has one of the largest shopping malls in the North Kantō region, Bell Mall . Fourteen cities are located in Tochigi Prefecture: These are the towns in each district : Located close to Tōkyō, Tochigi is home to many corporations and industrial zones, including the Kiyohara Industrial Complex , one of

164-668: Is known for its onsens , local sake , and ski resorts, the villa of the Imperial Family , and the Nasushiobara station of the Shinkansen railway line. The city of Nikkō , with its ancient Shintō shrines and Buddhist temples , is a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Situated among the inland prefectures of the northern part of the Kantō region, Tochigi is contiguous with Ibaraki, Gunma, Saitama, and Fukushima Prefectures. The climate of Tochigi may be classified as

205-576: Is of a differing length and plays a different song. Naganohara also used to be home to a Melody Road playing " Aj lučka, lučka široká ", though the road in question was paved over in 2013 due to noise complaints. The sports teams listed below are based in Gunma. Gunma is also famous for its ski resorts in the mountains. Gunma was the only prefecture in Japan to have all 4 legal types of gambling on races: horse , bicycle , auto and boat . This changed with

246-474: Is one of only eight landlocked prefectures, located on the northwestern corner of the Kantō Plain with 14% of its total land being designated as natural parks . The ancient province of Gunma was a center of horse breeding and trading activities for the newly immigrated continental peoples (or Toraijin ). The arrival of horses and the remains of horse tackle coincides with the arrival of a large migration from

287-986: Is the Kita-Kantō Expressway , with the 18.5 km that connect the Tochigi-Tsuga Interchange and the Utsunomiya-Kaminokawa Interchange. Portions of the Kita-Kantō Expressway are still being constructed and is set to be fully completed by 2011. The highway will link the region's other main transport arteries, the Tōhoku, the Jōban and the Kan-Etsu Expressways , providing a link to the international port of Hitachinaka in Ibaraki. The Tōhoku Shinkansen and

328-858: Is to the south. Some of the major mountains in Gunma are Mount Akagi , Mount Haruna , Mount Myōgi , Mount Nikkō-Shirane and Mount Asama , which is located on the Nagano border. Major rivers include the Tone River , the Agatsuma River , and the Karasu River . As of 1 April 2012, 14% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks , namely Jōshin'etsu-kōgen , Nikkō , and Oze National Parks and Myōgi-Arafune-Saku Kōgen Quasi-National Park . Twelve cities are located in Gunma Prefecture: These are

369-569: The Kantō region of Honshu . Gunma Prefecture has a population of 1,937,626 (1 October 2019) and has a geographic area of 6,362 km (2,456 sq mi ). Gunma Prefecture borders Niigata Prefecture and Fukushima Prefecture to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the southwest, Saitama Prefecture to the south, and Tochigi Prefecture to the east. Maebashi is the capital and Takasaki is the largest city of Gunma Prefecture, with other major cities including Ōta , Isesaki , and Kiryū . Gunma Prefecture

410-571: The Meiji Restoration , Tochigi was known as Shimotsuke Province . In the early 15th century, the Ashikaga Gakkō , Japan's oldest school of higher education, was re-established in the prefecture, holding over 3,000 students by the 16th century. Saint Francis Xavier introduced Ashikaga to the world as the best university in Japan. In the early 17th century, Japan was unified under the shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu . After his death,

451-642: The Nikko Tōshō-gū shrine was built in Nikkō in 1617 on what the shōguns thought of as holy ground to protect and worship Ieyasu. Its establishment brought Nikkō to national attention. Ieyasu's successors as Tokugawa shogun developed the Nikkō Kaidō (日光街道, part of the major road connecting Nikkō with Edo ) and acquired lavish processions to worship Ieyasu. In the late 19th century, the Tokugawa shogunate fell and

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492-674: The UCI Asia Tour Nikkō National Park is famous for its UNESCO World Heritage Site which was registered as the 10th World Heritage Site in 1999. This encompasses Rinnō-ji, Nikkō Tōshō-gū , Mount Nantai , and Futarasan Shrine . The Kegon Falls , also in Nikkō, is popular with tourists. To travel between the city and the falls, automobiles and buses take the Irohazaka, a road with dozens of switchbacks. In addition, 400-year-old Japanese Cedars (about 13,000 in total) line

533-481: The lower house of the Diet of Japan . The economy of Tsumagoi is primarily agricultural, with cabbage forming the most noted local crop. Seasonal tourism primarily in connection with its onsen hot spring resorts and ski resorts are also major contributors to the local economy. Tsumagoi has two public elementary schools and one public middle school operated by the town government, and one public high school operated by

574-539: The 1870s. In the early Meiji period, in what was locally called the Gunma Incident of 1884, a bloody struggle between the idealistic democratic westernizers and the conservative Prussian-model nationalists took place in Gunma and neighboring Nagano. The modern Japanese army gunned down farmers with new repeating rifles built in Japan. The farmers in Gunma were said to be the first victims of the Murata rifle . In

615-458: The Dead , the main character Akira Tendo is from Gunma Prefecture. Tochigi Prefecture Tochigi Prefecture ( 栃木県 , Tochigi-ken ) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu . Tochigi Prefecture has a population of 1,897,649 (1 June 2023) and has a geographic area of 6,408 km² (2,474 sq mi ). Tochigi Prefecture borders Fukushima Prefecture to

656-491: The Gunma Prefectural Board of Education. [REDACTED] JR East – Agatsuma Line The main draw of tourists to Tsumagoi are the onsen (natural hot spring) resorts, some of which are also associated with ski resorts. There are two major hot spring resort areas within the town. Gunma Prefecture Gunma Prefecture ( 群馬県 , Gunma-ken ) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in

697-583: The JR Utsunomiya Line are the main railways running north and south in Tochigi. Shinkansen runs from Tokyo Station to Oyama in south Tochigi in 43 minutes. Utsunomiya can be reached by rail in as little as 48 minutes, and many parts of Tochigi are within commuting range of central Tokyo. To the east and west, the Mito and Ryōmō Lines connect Tochigi to Ibaraki and Gunma. Freight is served by

738-477: The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) The annual gross agricultural output in Tochigi is about 274 billion yen. Rice, vegetables, and livestock are produced in the region. Tochigi is also known for strawberries, Chinese chives, and Japanese pears sold throughout Japan and exported to other countries. Approximately 55% of Tochigi is covered by forests. Mushrooms, such as Shiitake mushrooms, make up half of

779-632: The Prefectural Government also uses Gunma-chan , a small super deformed drawing of a horse character wearing a green cap. It is used on promotional posters, banners, and other notable printed materials from the Prefectural Government. Other agencies and companies formally or informally use variations of its likeness and other horse-shaped characters when making signs or notices for work on buildings, roads, and other public notices. There are various manga and anime that have based their settings in Gunma, such as: In Zom 100: Bucket List of

820-551: The Promotion of Regional Revitalization ( Kishida Cabinet Secretariat ), which promotes the development of new technologies to combat depopulation, for meeting a "high standard" (高水準) of digital transformation / telework infrastructure. Related projects have been awarded over ¥7.0M in government grants. Numerous Jōmon period remains have been found in Tsumagoi, although later Yayoi period artifacts are almost non-existent, as

861-562: The area is not suitable for rice cultivation. During the Edo period , the area around Tsumagoi was part of the hatamoto -administered territory within Kōzuke Province . Kanbara area (鎌原村) was severely damaged by the Tenmei eruption of Mt. Asama in 1783 (477 people died). With the creation of the modern municipalities system after the Meiji Restoration on April 1, 1889, the village of Tsumagoi

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902-495: The city of Tochigi's Autumn Festival where doll floats are pulled around the city once every five years. Other attractions include: Traversing the prefecture along the north–south axis and connecting to the rest of the country are the Tōhoku Expressway and the new and old Route 4 . From east to west spans Route 50 , connecting southern Tochigi with Ibaraki and Gunma Prefectures. Also connecting Tochigi, Gunma, and Ibaraki

943-528: The closing of the last horse race track in Takasaki in 2004. Gunma has many hot spring resorts and the most famous is Kusatsu Onsen . Another draw to the mountainous Gunma is the ski resorts. Other attractions include: The prefectural symbol consists of the first kanji of the word 'Gunma' surrounded by three stylized mountains symbolizing the three important mountains of Gunma Prefecture: Mount Haruna , Mount Akagi , and Mount Myōgi . For marketing,

984-467: The early period of contact between western nations and Japan, particularly the late Tokugawa, it was referred to by foreigners as the "Joushu States", inside (fudai, or loyalist) Tokugawa retainers and the Tokugawa family symbol is widely seen on public buildings, temples, and shrines. The Tenmei eruption of Mount Asama occurred in 1783, causing enormous damage. The first modern silk factories were built with Italian and French assistance at Annaka in

1025-419: The eruption through zoological anthropology at the corral sites that were buried in ash. In the past, Gunma was joined with Tochigi Prefecture and called Kenu Province . This was later divided into Kami-tsu-ke (Upper Kenu, Gunma) and Shimo-tsu-ke (Lower Kenu, Tochigi). The area is sometimes referred to as Jomo (上毛, Jōmō ). For most of Japanese history, Gunma was known as the province of Kozuke . In

1066-669: The famous Cedar Avenue of Nikkō for roughly 35 km, making it the longest tree-lined avenue in the world. A more recent and modern attraction is the Twin Ring Motegi Circuit race course, which hosts the only IndyCar race outside the United States. The track also hosts many other race events including Formula One and motorcycle races as well as festivals and fireworks events. Tochigi has many traditional festivals and events such as Nikkō Tōshō-gū's 1000 Samurai Procession and Horseback Archery Festival, and

1107-571: The farms in the village of Tsumagoi are cabbage farms. Also, the city of Ōta is famous for the car industry, notably the Subaru factory. There is a local dialect , known in Japanese as ' gunma-ben ' or ' jōshū-ben '. Gunma has a traditional card game called Jomo Karuta ( 上毛かるた ) . It features people, places, and things of regional and/or cultural importance. In 2007, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries held an event to find

1148-418: The forest industry, with an output of approximately 5.6 billion yen. Tochigi is home to many universities and colleges including those for science and technology , literature , medicine , education , and art . Below is an alphabetical list of some of the universities located in Tochigi. The sports teams and events listed below are based in Tochigi. Tour de Tochigi , a cat 2.2 three-day road race of

1189-473: The high elevation. Winters are cold, with a January 24-hour average temperature of −4.6 °C (23.7 °F), while summers are warm and wet, with a July 24-hour average temperature of 19.5 °C (67.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1345 mm with September as the wettest month. Per Japanese census data, the population of Tsumagoi has recently decreased after several decades of relative stability. Tsumagoi has been recognized by Japan's Office for

1230-460: The high peaks do not let the wind go past them. For this reason, the wind changes into the kara-kaze . Gunma's modern industries include transport equipment and electrical equipment, concentrated around Maebashi and the eastern region nearest Tokyo . More traditional industries include sericulture and agriculture . Gunma's major agricultural products include cabbages and konnyaku . Gunma produces over 90% of Japan's konnyaku, and two-thirds of

1271-478: The largest inland industrial complexes in the country. Industrial manufacturing accounts for 36.6% of the prefecture's total output. Vehicle parts and accessories are the primary products, followed by vehicles, radios and televisions, pharmaceuticals, and wireless communication equipment. Below are goods manufactured in Tochigi with the highest market share in Japan: (The 2004 industrial analysis report published by

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1312-517: The mainland. From this point forward, the horse became a vital part of Japanese military maneuvers, quickly displacing the older Yayoi tradition of fighting on foot. When Mount Haruna erupted in the late 6th century, Japan was still in the pre-historical phase (prior to the importation of the Chinese writing system during the Nara period). The Gunma Prefectural archaeology unit in 1994 was able to date

1353-456: The name of Subaru née Fuji Heavy Industries. In the 1930s, German architect Bruno Julius Florian Taut lived and conducted research for a while in Takasaki. The Girard incident , which disturbed US-Japanese relations in the 1950s, occurred in Gunma in 1957, at Sōmagahara Base  [ ja ] near Shibukawa . Four modern prime ministers are from Gunma, namely, Takeo Fukuda , Yasuhiro Nakasone , Keizo Obuchi , and Yasuo Fukuda ,

1394-496: The new government established the prefectures . The prefectural capital was established in the city of Tochigi after the unification of Utsunomiya Prefecture and Tochigi Prefecture in 1873. By 1884, however, the capital was transferred to Utsunomiya. In March 2011, following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster , levels of radioactivity in Utsunomiya were 33 times higher than normal. The chief city of Utsunomiya

1435-416: The north, Gunma Prefecture to the west, Saitama Prefecture to the south, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the southeast. Utsunomiya is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture, with other major cities including Oyama , Tochigi , and Ashikaga . Tochigi Prefecture is one of only eight landlocked prefectures and its mountainous northern region is a popular tourist region in Japan. The Nasu area

1476-574: The northern part of the area. Kinugawa, Nakagawa, and Watarase River originate in this region, which flow across the Kanto plain before emptying into the Pacific Ocean. Tochigi is the 20th largest prefecture in Japan with a total area of 6,408.09 square km. As of 1 April 2012, 21% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks , namely Nikkō National Park , Oze National Park , and eight Prefectural Natural Parks. Before

1517-553: The son of Takeo. One of only eight landlocked prefectures in Japan, Gunma is the northwesternmost prefecture of the Kantō plain. Except for the central and southeast areas, where most of the population is concentrated, it is mostly mountainous. To the north are Niigata and Fukushima prefectures, while to the east lies Tochigi Prefecture . To the west lies the Nagano Prefecture , and the Saitama Prefecture

1558-544: The top 100 best local dishes across all of Japan. Three dishes were featured from Gunma; yaki-manju, okkirikomi , and konnyaku . As of 2018, Gunma is home to eleven of Japan's over thirty Melody Roads . 2,559 grooves cut into a 175-meter stretch of the road surface in transmit a tactile vibration through the wheels into the car body . The roads can be found in Katashina, Minakami, Takayama, Kanna, Ueno, Kusatsu, Tsumagoi, Nakanojo, Takasaki, Midori, and Maebashi. Each

1599-516: The towns and villages in each district : Because Gunma is situated in inland Japan, the difference in temperature in the summer compared to the winter is large, and there is less precipitation. This is because of the karakkaze ("empty wind"), a strong, dry wind that occurs in the winter when the snow falls on the coasts of Niigata. The wind carrying clouds with snow are obstructed by the Echigo Mountains , and it also snows there, although

1640-540: The twentieth century, the Japanese aviation pioneer Nakajima Chikushi of Oizumi, Gunma Prefecture, founded the Nakajima Aircraft Company . At first, he produced mostly licensed models of foreign designs, but beginning with the all-Japanese Nakajima 91 fighter plane in 1931, his company became a world leader in aeronautical design and manufacture, with its headquarters at Ota, Gunma Ken. The factory now produces Subaru motorcars and other products under

1681-548: Was created within Agatsuma District of Gunma Prefecture. Tsumagoi has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral village council of 12 members. Tsumagoi collectively with the other municipalities in Agatsuma District, contributes two members to the Gunma Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the village is part of Gunma 5th district of

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