The Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes family ( / ˈ w ɪ k əm ˈ f aɪ n z / ) are the descendants of the 16th Baron Saye and Sele who was born Frederick Benjamin Twisleton and adopted the surname Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes in 1849 by Act of Parliament. He was the grandson of Thomas Twisleton, 13th Baron Saye and Sele and inherited the barony from his first cousin William Thomas Eardley-Twisleton-Fiennes in 1847. The surname is frequently shortened to Fiennes. Members of the family include the explorer Ranulph Fiennes and the actors Ralph Fiennes , Joseph Fiennes , and Hero Fiennes Tiffin .
11-456: The ancestry of the family includes James Fiennes, 1st Baron Saye and Sele (c. 1395–1450) and his father William de Fiennes. Richard Fiennes , a nephew of the 1st Baron, became the 7th Baron Dacre after marrying the daughter of the 6th Baron Dacre. The family are descendants of Thomas Wykeham, the great-nephew of William of Wykeham (c. 1320–1404) who left his fortune to his great-nephew. The inheritance included Broughton Castle which became
22-462: Is said to have been created Baron Saye and Sele by letters patent in 1447. Saye and Sele was a supporter of William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk , the principal power behind the throne of Henry VI . After Suffolk's deposition and murder in 1450, Fiennes was imprisoned in the Tower with his son-in-law William Cromer, deputy-sheriff of Kent. Having been released from the tower and handed over to
33-742: The Hundred Years' War and served as High Sheriff of Kent in 1436 and High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex in 1438. He was Constable of Dover Castle and Warden of the Cinque Ports from 1447 to 1450, and Lord High Treasurer of England from 1449 to 1450. Fiennes' tenure as Lord High Treasurer occurred during the Great Bullion Famine and the Great Slump in England . He was summoned to Parliament from 1446 to 1449 and
44-546: The Battle of Barnet at which his son William died is referenced in the next play of the trilogy, Henry VI, Part 3 . His elder brother, Roger Fiennes (1384–1449) married Elizabeth Holland (daughter of John Holland (Duke of Exeter, half-brother of Richard II, son of Thomas Holland and Joan "the fair" of Kent) and Elizabeth of Lancaster (daughter of John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster)) William Cromer William Cromer (occasionally also spelt Crowmer ) (died 1450)
55-564: The family also descends from William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley . The 21st Baron Saye and Sele, Nathaniel Fiennes , changed his surname by deed poll to Fiennes in 1965. James Fiennes, 1st Baron Saye and Sele James Fiennes, 1st Baron Saye and Sele (22 September 1395 – 4 July 1450) was an English soldier and politician. He was born at Herstmonceux , Sussex, the second son of Sir William Fiennes (1 August 1357 – 18 January 1402) and his wife Elizabeth Batisford (Wartling, Sussex, 1363 - Herstmonceux, 18 January 1405). Fiennes fought in
66-497: The home of the Barons Saye and Sele, after Thomas Wykeham's granddaughter married William Fiennes, 2nd Baron Saye and Sele. The Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes family are also descendants of John Twisleton (c. 1614–1682) who married Elizabeth Fiennes, the daughter of James Fiennes, 2nd Viscount Saye and Sele, 9th Baron Saye and Sele . Elizabeth Fiennes's mother was Frances Cecil, daughter of Edward Cecil, 1st Viscount Wimbledon , so
77-673: The rebels as a placatory gesture by the King, Baron Saye was brought to Guildhall for a sham trial. Upon being found guilty of treason, he was paraded through part of London and beheaded by a mob of the rebels in London under Jack Cade at the Standard in Cheapside on 4 July 1450. His son-in-law was also executed by the rebels outside the city walls on the same day. The heads of the two men were put on pikes and unceremoniously paraded through
88-577: The streets of London while their bearers pushed them together so that they appeared to kiss. Fiennes was subsequently buried in the Franciscan church at Newgate . Shortly after the burial, English settlers dispossessed from their property in Bayeux and Caen (who had recently arrived in London) removed his coat of arms from the pillar by his grave and reversed it - an act intended to dishonour the dead. .He
99-622: Was an English Sheriff and Lord Mayor of London and a Member of Parliament for the city. He was described as the son of John Cromer of Aldenham , Hertfordshire but was probably originally from Cromer , Norfolk. By 1390 he had settled in London, where he became a prosperous merchant. He was Warden of the Drapers Company by 1394, and again in 1428–29. He was appointed Auditor for London for 1399-1400 and 1409–11 and elected an alderman of Billingsgate Ward by 1403 until after July 1420 and of Candlewick Ward from 1420 until his death. He
110-620: Was elected a Sheriff of London in 1405–06 and Lord Mayor of London for 1413–14 and 1423–24. During his public life he benefitted from a number of profitable commissions from 1407 onwards, when he was also elected to Parliament as member for the City of London (1407, 1417 and May 1421). He died in 1450 and was buried in the church of St Martin Orgar , Candlewick Street (now Cannon Street), London to which he bequeathed some of his property. He had married twice; firstly Katherine and secondly Margaret,
121-426: Was succeeded in the barony by his son William . He married twice. His first wife was Joan, whose family name is uncertain, and their children were: Before 1441, he married as second wife Emmeline (died 5 January 1452), daughter of Sir William Cromer , twice Lord Mayor of London . They may have had two daughters. Fiennes appears as a named character in the play Henry VI, Part 2 by William Shakespeare , while
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