44-533: Two Loves is a 1961 American drama film directed by Charles Walters and starring Shirley MacLaine , Laurence Harvey , Jack Hawkins , and Nobu McCarthy . It is based on the book Spinster by Sylvia Ashton-Warner . It was entered into the 11th Berlin International Film Festival . American Anna Vorontosov (Shirley MacLaine) teaches the younger children, mostly Maori, at a rural school on New Zealand's North Island. She has made teaching
88-519: A Maori boy named Matawhero (Edmund Vargas) ran away and will not be returning to school, Matawhero who often helps her in class. Incensed that Matawhero has dropped out of school, she rushes off to the Maori compound where Matawhero lives, and which is led by his grandfather, the largely westernized Chief Rauhuia (Juano Hernandez). The Chief believes Miss Vorontosov a saint since she has taught Matawhero to read and write. She learns directly from Matawhero, who
132-462: A better understanding of the film. According to the taxonomy, combining the type with the genre does not create a separate genre. For instance, the "Horror Drama" is simply a dramatic horror film (as opposed to a comedic horror film). "Horror Drama" is not a genre separate from the horror genre or the drama type. Crime dramas explore themes of truth, justice, and freedom, and contain the fundamental dichotomy of "criminal vs. lawman". Crime films make
176-423: A broader range of moods . To these ends, a primary element in a drama is the occurrence of conflict —emotional, social, or otherwise—and its resolution in the course of the storyline. All forms of cinema or television that involve fictional stories are forms of drama in the broader sense if their storytelling is achieved by means of actors who represent ( mimesis ) characters . In this broader sense, drama
220-496: A class, Anna and Whareparita are checking for lice in the students' hair, and burning the lice whenever they find any. One of the younger girls starts crying at the thought of being burned. Whareparita is able to comfort her. Watching the interaction, Anna feels that Whareparita is blossoming into a woman in front of her eyes. Anna begins to talk to her about the change into womanhood, Whareparita responding that they have already learned about such things in social hygiene class. Later, on
264-423: A jailed father, a knife fight and the family having no money. He is amazed that children that young even know the word knife when seen as spelled. Anna passionately tells him that the children will learn only if they feel, and not reading about "Tom having fun" as is the case with most western readers, such stories which have no cultural context for her children. Anna continues to have encounters with Paul outside of
308-580: A live performance, it has also been used to describe the more high-brow and serious end of the dramatic output of radio . The Screenwriters Taxonomy contends that film genres are fundamentally based upon a film's atmosphere, character and story, and therefore the labels "drama" and "comedy" are too broad to be considered a genre. Instead, the taxonomy contends that film dramas are a "Type" of film; listing at least ten different sub-types of film and television drama. Docudramas are dramatized adaptations of real-life events. While not always completely accurate,
352-469: A man with passion underneath his problems. This meeting also begins a process of Anna getting to know about Abercrombie: that he is from England; that his wife and sons were in New Zealand but have returned to London; that their marriage is an unsatisfying one for him as his wife continually pushes him away; and that he too is a lonely man in New Zealand. He slowly begins his own pursuit of Anna. During
396-685: A more central component of the story, along with serious content. Examples include Three Colours: White (1994), The Truman Show (1998), The Man Without a Past (2002), The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel (2011), and Silver Linings Playbook (2012). Coined by film professor Ken Dancyger , these stories exaggerate characters and situations to the point of becoming fable, legend or fairy tale. Examples: Fantastic Mr. Fox (2009) and Maleficent (2014). Light dramas are light-hearted stories that are, nevertheless, serious in nature. Examples: The Help (2011) and The Terminal (2004). Psychological dramas are dramas that focus on
440-633: A person's life and raises their level of importance. The "small things in life" feel as important to the protagonist (and the audience) as the climactic battle in an action film, or the final shootout in a western. Often, the protagonists deal with multiple, overlapping issues in the course of the film – just as we do in life. Films of this type/genre combination include: The Wrestler (2008), Fruitvale Station (2013), and Locke (2013). Romantic dramas are films with central themes that reinforce our beliefs about love (e.g.: themes such as "love at first sight", "love conquers all", or "there
484-515: A piano as he has often heard her play as he passes by her house in the morning. Later at her house, Paul sings a German song for Anna while she accompanies him on the piano. His rendition of the song is ballsy and obvious. He believes it was great, he always singing with whatever emotion he is feeling. She tries to provide him with some constructive criticism, which he does not take well. He admits that anything he touches figuratively turns out badly. She tries to show compassion, which he wants to believe
SECTION 10
#1732791487364528-480: A school outing, Whareparita faints. It is because she is pregnant, about which she is forthright and matter-of-fact in telling Anna. Whareparita feels no need to divulge the father's identity to her as he will not be part of the baby's life, the baby which she and her community of Maori relatives will happily raise. This view is supported by the Chief, who happily will welcome another child into their community. Marriage to
572-464: A specific approach to drama but, rather, consider drama as a lack of comedic techniques. Examples: Ghost World (2001) and Wuthering Heights (2011). According to the Screenwriters' Taxonomy, all film descriptions should contain their type (comedy or drama) combined with one (or more) of the eleven super-genres. This combination does not create a separate genre, but rather, provides
616-412: Is a mode distinct from novels, short stories , and narrative poetry or songs . In the modern era, before the birth of cinema or television, "drama" within theatre was a type of play that was neither a comedy nor a tragedy . It is this narrower sense that the film and television industries, along with film studies , adopted. " Radio drama " has been used in both senses—originally transmitted in
660-526: Is a final fight to the death; the idea of the protagonists facing death is a central expectation in a war drama film. In a war film even though the enemy may out-number, or out-power, the hero, we assume that the enemy can be defeated if only the hero can figure out how. Examples include: Apocalypse Now (1979), Come and See (1985), Braveheart (1995), Life Is Beautiful (1997), Black Book (2006), The Hurt Locker (2008), 1944 (2015), Wildeye (2015), and 1917 (2019). Films in
704-454: Is drunk, driving his motorcycle on a country road, when he crashes over a hill. He is killed as his motorcycle bursts into flames. At Paul's funeral, Whareparita collapses into tears. Anna then knows that Paul is the one who got Whareparita pregnant, which Whareparita later admits. Anna is in remorse about Paul, she feeling that his death could have been suicide, and that she could have saved him by giving into his wants. Abercrombie knows his death
748-413: Is romantic interest. When he approaches her romantically, even stating that he would like to stay the night, her prudish self retreats. As he storms off, he tells her that she is already in a relationship: with her students. During the middle of one of Anna's classes, Abercrombie arrives, wanting to speak to her about the book he borrowed. He reads one of the stories included, in which a student talks about
792-421: Is someone out there for everyone"); the story typically revolves around characters falling into (and out of, and back into) love. Annie Hall (1977), The Notebook (2004), Carol (2015), Her (2013) , and La La Land (2016) are examples of romance dramas. The science fiction drama film is often the story of a protagonist (and their allies) facing something "unknown" that has the potential to change
836-422: Is usually qualified with additional terms that specify its particular super-genre, macro-genre, or micro-genre, such as soap opera , police crime drama , political drama , legal drama , historical drama , domestic drama , teen drama , and comedy-drama (dramedy). These terms tend to indicate a particular setting or subject matter, or they combine a drama's otherwise serious tone with elements that encourage
880-763: The western super-genre often take place in the American Southwest or Mexico, with a large number of scenes occurring outdoors so we can soak in scenic landscapes. Visceral expectations for the audience include fistfights, gunplay, and chase scenes. There is also the expectation of spectacular panoramic images of the countryside including sunsets, wide open landscapes, and endless deserts and sky. Examples of western dramas include: True Grit (1969) and its 2010 remake , Mad Max (1979), Unforgiven (1992), No Country for Old Men (2007), Django Unchained (2012), Hell or High Water (2016), and Logan (2017). Some film categories that use
924-493: The Apes (1968), A Clockwork Orange (1971), Blade Runner (1982) and its sequel Blade Runner 2049 (2017), Children of Men (2006), Interstellar (2014), and Arrival (2016). In the sports super-genre, characters will be playing sports. Thematically, the story is often one of "Our Team" versus "Their Team"; their team will always try to win, and our team will show the world that they deserve recognition or redemption;
SECTION 20
#1732791487364968-407: The audience jump through a series of mental "hoops"; it is not uncommon for the crime drama to use verbal gymnastics to keep the audience and the protagonist on their toes. Examples of crime dramas include: The Godfather (1972), Chinatown (1974), Goodfellas (1990), The Usual Suspects (1995), The Big Short (2015), and Udta Punjab (2016). According to Eric R. Williams ,
1012-533: The characters' inner life and psychological problems. Examples: Requiem for a Dream (2000), Oldboy (2003), Babel (2006), Whiplash (2014), and Anomalisa (2015) Satire can involve humor, but the result is typically sharp social commentary that is anything but funny. Satire often uses irony or exaggeration to expose faults in society or individuals that influence social ideology. Examples: Thank You for Smoking (2005) and Idiocracy (2006). Straight drama applies to those that do not attempt
1056-459: The children but compiled by her. He would like to borrow it. She believes its contents will shock him as unorthodox. During recess, Mark Cutter (Neil Woodward), one of Anna's few Caucasian students, enters the classroom while she is relaxing at her desk. He initially refuses to remove his shoes as she asks, since his mother told him that only uncouth Maoris do so. Anna is able to convince him to do so regardless. He then tells her that his best friend,
1100-473: The course of the film. Thematically, horror films often serve as morality tales, with the killer serving up violent penance for the victims' past sins. Metaphorically, these become battles of Good vs. Evil or Purity vs. Sin. Psycho (1960), Halloween (1978), The Shining (1980), The Conjuring (2013), It (2017), mother! (2017), and Hereditary (2018) are examples of horror drama films. Day-in-the-life films takes small events in
1144-570: The director [Charles Walters] on that was terrible." The film earned $ 425,000 in the U.S. and Canada and $ 650,000 in other markets, resulting in a loss of $ 1,773,000. In a 2011 interview with the Naples Daily News , MacLaine referred to the film as "a terrible movie no one has ever heard of." Drama film In film and television , drama is a category or genre of narrative fiction (or semi-fiction ) intended to be more serious than humorous in tone. The drama of this kind
1188-481: The family as a whole reacts to a central challenge. There are four micro-genres for the family drama: Family Bond , Family Feud , Family Loss , and Family Rift . A sub-type of drama films that uses plots that appeal to the heightened emotions of the audience. Melodramatic plots often deal with "crises of human emotion, failed romance or friendship, strained familial situations, tragedy, illness, neuroses, or emotional and physical hardship". Film critics sometimes use
1232-522: The father is not even an issue for Whareparita or her family. Anna is appalled and shocked by the entire situation. Abercrombie talks to Anna about the book, of which he wants to print several copies as a pilot project with the blessing of the school's council. Anna is shocked but pleased, but she will not allow them to make the editorial changes they want without the children's permission. After their latest encounter when Anna once again pushed Paul away as he declared his love for her, Paul, late one evening,
1276-458: The focus of her life. Her classroom is disorganized and chaotic, which she believes gives these children the freedom to learn. She arrives at her class one morning to learn from her students that a new superintendent of schools stopped by earlier. Worried, Anna talks to the school's headmaster, Mr. Reardon (Ronald Long), about how she can best present her class as she wants to the new superintendent without he firing her. They decide that getting one of
1320-416: The future of humanity; this unknown may be represented by a villain with incomprehensible powers, a creature we do not understand, or a scientific scenario that threatens to change the world; the science fiction story forces the audience to consider the nature of human beings, the confines of time or space or the concepts of human existence in general. Examples include: Metropolis (1927), Planet of
1364-717: The general facts are more-or-less true. The difference between a docudrama and a documentary is that in a documentary it uses real people to describe history or current events; in a docudrama it uses professionally trained actors to play the roles in the current event, that is "dramatized" a bit. Examples: Black Mass (2015) and Zodiac (2007). Unlike docudramas, docu-fictional films combine documentary and fiction, where actual footage or real events are intermingled with recreated scenes. Examples: Interior. Leather Bar (2013) and Your Name Here (2015). Many otherwise serious productions have humorous scenes and characters intended to provide comic relief . A comedy drama has humor as
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1408-416: The hallmark of fantasy drama films is "a sense of wonderment, typically played out in a visually intense world inhabited by mythic creatures, magic or superhuman characters. Props and costumes within these films often belie a sense of mythology and folklore – whether ancient, futuristic, or other-worldly. The costumes, as well as the exotic world, reflect the personal, inner struggles that the hero faces in
1452-413: The new superintendent, William W.J. Abercrombie (Jack Hawkins), who told them to do so, is in the back room of her class. Meeting him, Anna, without being asked, immediately goes into a diatribe of why she does the things the way she does in her classroom, all in not having any rules that come between her and her students. Abercrombie seems confused, he only interested in a book she has, it a work composed by
1496-399: The older girls in the school to help her for a few weeks is the appropriate solution. That girl will come from the class of fellow teacher, motorcycle riding Paul Lathrope (Laurence Harvey), a brash Brit who has been at the school now for six months. As Paul and Anna scope out the girls for the assistant position, he asks her why she has not yet made any attempt to get to know him better outside
1540-449: The school confines, implying that he is attracted to her. She innocently brushes off his advances, as she is inexperienced and prudish about sex, especially out of wedlock. As her assistant, they choose 15 year old Whareparita (Nobu McCarthy), a Maori girl who is honored as she idolizes Miss Vorontosov. As Anna and Whareparita go back to her classroom, Anna is amazed to see her students quietly sitting at their desks. They tell her it's because
1584-642: The school, most either by chance or on Paul's initiative. They include a chance encounter one rainy evening in town while Paul is drunk and which she helps him home. Another is when he appears outside her house in the middle of the night, again drunk. Another is on a staff outing to Mount Taranaki, he who is waiting for her at her house following the mountain hike. These encounters generally demonstrate Paul's childlike behavior in his pursuit of her, and his loneliness and his seemingly friendlessness. Regardless, she can't help but be drawn to him if only in an effort to help him, but not before their encounters usually ending with
1628-534: The story does not always have to involve a team. The story could also be about an individual athlete or the story could focus on an individual playing on a team. Examples of this genre/type include: The Hustler (1961), Hoosiers (1986), Remember the Titans (2000), and Moneyball (2011). War films typically tells the story of a small group of isolated individuals who – one by one – get killed (literally or metaphorically) by an outside force until there
1672-525: The story." Examples of fantasy dramas include The Lord of the Rings (2001–2003), Pan's Labyrinth (2006), Where the Wild Things Are (2009), and Life of Pi (2012). Horror dramas often involve the central characters isolated from the rest of society. These characters are often teenagers or people in their early twenties (the genre's central audience) and are eventually killed off during
1716-578: The term "pejoratively to connote an unrealistic, pathos-filled, camp tale of romance or domestic situations with stereotypical characters (often including a central female character) that would directly appeal to feminine audiences". Also called "women's movies", "weepies", tearjerkers, or "chick flicks". If they are targeted to a male audience, then they are called "guy cry" films. Often considered "soap-opera" drama. Focuses on religious characters, mystery play, beliefs, and respect. Character development based on themes involving criminals, law enforcement and
1760-530: The two at odds because of her pushing away his sexual advances. Anna, after a shopping trip to buy school supplies the district will not provide for her, goes to speak to Abercrombie about Paul, she wanting to help him and not get him into trouble. Abercrombie knows all about Paul, and about his troubled past, which includes a difficult stint in the military, and an attempted suicide. Abercrombie fought to keep him on staff despite calls to dismiss him, as he sees in Paul
1804-498: The word "comedy" or "drama" are not recognized by the Screenwriters Taxonomy as either a film genre or a film type. For instance, "Melodrama" and "Screwball Comedy" are considered Pathways, while "romantic comedy" and "family drama" are macro-genres. A macro-genre in the Screenwriters Taxonomy. These films tell a story in which many of the central characters are related. The story revolves around how
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1848-470: Was Mr. Lathrope. She begins to berate Paul for using fear as a method of discipline, especially on a little boy. Paul admits to her of his insecurities: that he doesn't do his job well, this being his first ever teaching job, and that he plans on quitting at the end of term. He further tells her of his dream to be a singer. This discussion softens her perspective of him. They agree to a date this evening at her place, where he will sing for her, as he knows she has
1892-402: Was accidental and that Anna's feeling of guilt is not justified. He admits to her that he loves her and plans to divorce his wife, even if she doesn't want one. Anna, ready to give herself to a man, hugs him. Abercrombie and Anna are walking side by side at the school, Abercrombie happily whistling as Anna goes into her classroom. Ben Maddow later said "I thought I did a pretty good script, but
1936-457: Was hiding in the room listening to the conversation, that he ran off because someone at school hit him with a big stick. He refuses to tell who, she only hoping that it was not one of the Caucasian children, which would cause problems. She is able to persuade Matawhero to return to school with her. As they arrive back at the school, she can tell by Matawhero's reaction that the person who hit him
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