Carol Twombly (born June 13, 1959) is an American designer, best known for her type design. She worked as a type designer at Adobe Systems from 1988 through 1999, during which time she designed, or contributed to the design of, many typefaces, including Trajan , Myriad and Adobe Caslon .
14-592: Twombly may refer to: People [ edit ] Carol Twombly , American calligrapher Cy Twombly (1928–2011), American abstract artist Hamilton McKown Twombly , railroad tycoon, owner of Vinland Estate Mary Twombly (born 1935) American composer, conductor and pianist Voltaire P. Twombly , recipient of the Medal of Honor Wells Twombly (1935–1977), American sportswriter and author Other uses [ edit ] Twombly Ridge, Maine , an unorganized area in
28-676: A markedly medieval lowercase. Many other examples of lettering and typefaces are based on Roman capitals, for instance lettering made under the influence of the Arts and Crafts movement in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Alastair Johnston's 1990 review of Trajan noted this heritage, saying that it "outdoes anything old Fred Goudy ever produced." Trajan was designed for display instead of printed text – specifically for use in large sizes. Twombly's digitisation of Trajan has become very popular, as seen in its widespread presence on movie posters , television shows, and book covers. A bold weight
42-792: A modern digital design: the typeface Trajan , in 1989. She next drew upon her background as a calligrapher and interest in paleography to translate Carolingian versals, or decorative capital letters, into a digital typeface called Charlemagne (also in 1989). The specific source was a page of the Anglo-Saxon Benedictional of Saint Æthelwold in the British Library . Similarly, Twombly based Lithos on historical precedents, although more generally to ancient Greek inscriptions, rather to any specific models. Adobe marketed Trajan, Charlemagne, and Lithos as "Modern Ancients." In designing Adobe Caslon , she also examined closely
56-565: A visiting instructor at RISD during Twombly's time as a student, also influenced her work. At Stanford University Twombly was one of only five people to graduate from the short-lived digital typography program with Masters of Science degrees in computer science and typographic design. Twombly joined Adobe in 1988. One of her first projects at Adobe was Trajan. As a designer, Twombly closely studied historical scripts for inspiration in creating digital fonts. She successfully translated Roman inscriptions – stone carvings on Trajan's Column – into
70-773: Is based on the letterforms of capitalis monumentalis or Roman square capitals , as used for the inscription at the base of Trajan's Column , hence the name. Trajan is an all-capitals typeface, as the Romans did not use lowercase letters. Twombly created the design taking inspiration from a full-size picture of a rubbing of the inscription. It is well known for appearing on many film posters. The capitals on Trajan's Column have long been an inspiration to many artists and students of lettering. The calligrapher and type designer Edward Johnston in his book Writing & Illuminating & Lettering (1906) wrote that "the Roman capitals have held
84-405: The 1880s. After this series, she went on to design two more typefaces for Adobe: Nueva, an original design, and Chaparral, which references nineteenth-century slab serif forms and sixteenth-century roman book hand , a calligraphic form. She designed Chaparral in collaboration with calligrapher Linnea Lundquist . Twombly left Adobe in 1999. Speaking in 2014, she cited a variety of reasons for
98-537: The United States Twombly (cyclecar) , an American automobile manufactured between 1913 and 1915 Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly , a United States Supreme Court case See also [ edit ] Twemlow , the Cheshire parish the name Twombly derives from Twemlow (surname) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
112-405: The decision, including a lack of interest in designing fonts for onscreen display and the market failure of Adobe's multiple master font technology. She is currently an independent artist, specializing in drawing, painting on textiles, beading shekeres , and basket-making. Trajan (typeface) Trajan is a serif typeface designed in 1989 by Carol Twombly for Adobe . The design
126-745: The sponsor of the competition, licensed and marketed her entry as the Mirarae typeface. Twombly was also the 1994 winner of the Prix Charles Peignot , given by the Association Typographique Internationale (ATypI) - the first woman, and second American, to receive this award given to a promising typeface designer under the age of 35. Under Twombly's art direction, fonts such as Ponderosa, Pepperwood, Zebrawood, and Rosewood, were part of an Adobe project to revive American display typefaces in wood type from
140-777: The supreme place among letters for readableness and beauty. They are the best forms for the grandest and most important inscriptions." Trajan letterforms were used for many years for signs in British public buildings, including government offices. Twombly's translation of the Trajan inscription into type is quite crisp and faithful. Many looser interpretations (often with an invented lowercase) predate Twombly's, particularly Emil Rudolf Weiss' "Weiss" of 1926, Frederic Goudy 's Forum Title, Hadriano and "Goudy Trajan" , and Diotima by Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse , while Warren Chappell 's "Trajanus" of 1939, while having similar forms for capitals has
154-710: The title Twombly . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Twombly&oldid=1226490924 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Carol Twombly Twombly retired from Adobe and from type design in early 1999, to focus on her other design interests, involving textiles and jewelry. A biography of Twombly and her type design career by Nancy Stock-Allen
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#1732794623099168-489: The well-known eighteenth-century typeface designed by William Caslon to create a modern digital equivalent. She collaborated with Robert Slimbach to create the sans-serif Myriad , her first completely original typeface design. In her first international type design competition, Twombly was awarded the Morisawa gold prize for her typeface design in 1984. Subsequently, Morisawa Ltd., a Japanese typesetting manufacturer and
182-509: Was added to Trajan when it was made digital. Twombly retired from Adobe and type design in 1999, but Adobe has continued to release versions in consultation with her. Trajan Pro was the initial OpenType version, which added central European language support and added small caps in the lowercase slots. In 2012 the existing OpenType version was significantly revised as "Trajan Pro 3," with Robert Slimbach adding four additional weights as well as Cyrillic and Greek glyphs. Adobe has also released
196-552: Was published in 2016. Carol Twombly was born June 13, 1959, in Concord, Massachusetts . She attended and graduated from the Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) where she first studied sculpture, and later changed her major to graphic design. She credits her professors Charles Bigelow and Kris Holmes , whose studio she worked in, for her inspiration and stimulating her interest in typography. Gerard Unger ,
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