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62-584: Doom (stylized as DOOM ) is an American media franchise created by John Carmack , John Romero , Adrian Carmack , Kevin Cloud , and Tom Hall . The series usually focuses on the exploits of an unnamed space marine (often referred to as Doomguy or Doom Slayer) operating under the auspices of the Union Aerospace Corporation (UAC), who fights hordes of demons and the undead to save Earth from an apocalyptic invasion. The original Doom

124-431: A Doom game- and would continue to do so unless the company fired them. While Paul Steed was indeed fired, work on the game did continue. The title was unveiled later that year as Doom 3 . The design of the title would be led by Willits. Using the new id Tech 4 engine, numerous technical improvements were made over the classic series, allowing greater realism and interactivity. The game used voice acting and featured

186-568: A board game designed by Kevin Wilson and published by Fantasy Flight Games titled Doom: The Boardgame was released. In 2020, Critical Role published a fifth edition Dungeons & Dragons module entitled Doom Eternal: Assault on Amaros Station . The game was written by Christopher Lockey and Matthew Mercer , and received a digital release via the Critical Role store on December 16, 2020. In 2005, Universal Pictures released

248-485: A franchise can even be created, which ultimately leads to the creation of brand worlds. Since the creation of Disneyland in 1955, bringing fictional media franchises to life through the theme parks slowly became increasingly popular as the way to perfectly blend tourism and real-life involvement with media itself. Similar to transmedia, the concept of bringing fictional media into a non-fictional space where fans can immerse themselves in real-life versions of elements from

310-625: A game set in the time span between Doom 64 and Doom (2016), when the Doom Slayer "first came to that place with the Sentinels, almost like a more medieval setting". An internal ZeniMax presentation, dated to 2020 and released as part of the FTC v. Microsoft case in 2023, indicated that a game entitled Doom: Year Zero was in development at that time, with a projected release in FY2023. DLC for

372-412: A glory kill mechanic and additional platforming manoeuvres among the main gameplay additions. The game's multiplayer mode received three small downloadable content releases over the course of the first year, and all three were then released for free with the 6.66 update on July 19, 2017. The 2016 series was not originally described as a continuation or origin story of earlier games, however plot details in

434-471: A greater focus on narrative than earlier titles. A demo of the game was shown at E3 2002 and was subsequently leaked online, well ahead of the 2004 release date. At the time, it was the first Doom title in seven years, and helped renew interest in the franchise. An expansion, Doom 3: Resurrection of Evil was released in 2005. Unlike the base game, the expansion was developed by Nerve Software . A 2012 BFG Edition featured both previous releases along with

496-424: A modeling agency, several television shows ( Playboy's Penthouse , in 1959), and even its own television channel . Twenty-five years later, Playboy released private clubs and restaurants, movie theaters, a radio show , direct to video films, music and book publishing (including original works in addition to its anthologies of cartoons, photographs, recipes, advice, articles or fiction that had originally appeared in

558-492: A new expansion entitled The Lost Mission . A version of Doom 3: BFG Edition called Doom 3: VR Edition was released on March 29, 2021 for the PlayStation 4 VR and PlayStation 5 via backwards compatibility. It includes all of the content from Doom 3: BFG Edition (the main campaign, Resurrection of Evil and The Lost Mission), except for multiplayer. Doom 4 entered development in the mid 2000s alongside Rage , with

620-459: A number of key figures from the development of Doom having departed. This included the original designer John Romero, who was fired in 1996. In the interim, the company had hired former Doom modder Tim Willits . By 2000 a new non- Doom game was being designed, but id staff had a "lack of enthusiasm" for the project, and strongly desired to remake the original Doom instead. John Carmack, among others, announced internally that they were working on

682-403: A single-player campaign, and reused enemies and other assets from the 2016 game. The game would be the last Doom title under Willits' leadership, ahead of his departure in 2019. 2018 marked the 25th anniversary of the franchise, and saw the Doom Slayer included as a playable character in id Software's Quake Champions . That year, John Romero announced Sigil , an unofficial "fifth episode" of

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744-583: A total of some 5-6 million sales for the original duology. Doom 3 sold 3.5 million copies along with many copies of the expansion pack Resurrection of Evil from its 2004 release up through 2007, making it the most successful game in the series at that point. The sales of Doom 64 were not disclosed. The 2016 reboot sold over 2 million copies on the PC alone from its May 2016 release up to July 2017. Media franchise A media franchise often consists of cross-marketing across more than one medium. For

806-620: Is considered one of the first pioneering first-person shooter games, introducing to IBM-compatible computers features such as 3D graphics , third-dimension spatiality, networked multiplayer gameplay, and support for player-created modifications with the Doom WAD format. Over ten million copies of games in the Doom series have been sold; the series has spawned numerous sequels, novels, comic books, board games, and film adaptations. The Doom video games consist of first-person shooters in which

868-484: Is the Japanese term for a transmedia franchise. The term media mix gained its circulation in late 1980s and is first used to describe adaptations of Sakyo Komatsu 's Japan Sinks , but the origins of the strategy can be traced back to the 1960s with the proliferation of anime , with its interconnection of media and commodity goods. Some of the earlier popular Japanese franchises such as Vampire Hunter D in

930-480: The Doom series as number 25 on their "Top 50 Games of All Time," commenting that, "despite the graphic advances since Doom was released, the pixilated Barons of Hell and Cyber Demons still rank as some of the scariest things that can grace your screen." The series' unnamed protagonist, a marine, has had a mostly positive reception. In 2009, GameDaily included "the Marine" on its list of "ten game heroes who fail at

992-658: The Doom II engine, organised into two episodes. TNT: Evilution was developed by the modding group TeamTNT and completed in November 1995, while the second episode The Plutonia Experiment was developed by TNT's Dario and Milo Casali and completed in January 1996. Midway Games developed Doom 64 under id supervision for release in 1997. The title featured a new engine, with larger sprites and higher quality textures. The technical changes allowed for greater flexibility with

1054-662: The LUC project (a game then being developed by Suspension Software based on the Quake II engine ). The LUC website went down at some point in the late 2000s without release. Most of TNT's ongoing projects were cancelled in 2007, and the last level pack released by the group was Eternal Doom IV in 2008. TNT website administrator Ty Halderman continued to maintain the /idgames archives until his death from brain cancer on July 31, 2015. All of these were released for free, save for Final Doom - though it would ultimately be packaged as

1116-596: The Russian invasion . The level was the first for Doom II designed by Romero since 1994, and raised 25,000 euros by March 7. Romero released Sigil II in 2023 and was critically acclaimed. Like its predecessor, Id Software made the chapter freely available through the add-ons menu of the console ports of Doom and Doom II . A spin-off for mobile platforms Android and iOS, Mighty Doom , was developed by Alpha Dog Games and released in March 2023. Microsoft announced that it

1178-557: The TNT: Evilution episode of Final Doom , as well as several free level packs and developer resources for Doom II . Their source ports, the BOOM and Boom-DM engines were used by many level designers during the height of Doom modding in the 1990s. The group was largely inactive from 2008, with their resources remaining online until the 2015 death of administrator Ty Halderman. TeamTNT developed in late 1994 and early 1995 from

1240-491: The fantasy and science fiction genres. Similarly, fantasy, science fiction films and television shows are frequently adapted into animated television series , video games, or both. A media franchise does not have to include the same characters or theme, as the brand identity can be the franchise, like Square Enix 's Final Fantasy or the National Lampoon series , and can suffer from critical failures even if

1302-544: The id Tech 6 engine used by its predecessor. An expansion of the game, The Ancient Gods , was released in two parts, one in October 2020 and the other in March 2021. Romero confirmed in August 2021 that a second Sigil expansion using the Doom II engine was in development. In March 2022, he released a new Doom II level entitled One Humanity . The proceeds from the level were donated as humanitarian aid for Ukraine amid

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1364-423: The 1980s and Pokémon in the late 1990s, acted as benchmarks in the country's transmedia dominance. The latter in particular began as a video game available on Nintendo 's Game Boy , and crossed through the media of television, film, news, and other non-media related realms, such trading cards, merchandise, and more. A number of Japanese media franchises have gained considerable global popularity, and are among

1426-465: The Dead , Hell on Earth , Infernal Sky and Endgame . The unnamed Marine is called "Flynn Taggart" or "Fly" in the novels. The first two books feature recognizable locations and situations from the first two games. A film novelization was released by Pocket Star Books in 2005. It was adapted by John Shirley . In 2008, a new series of Doom novels by Matthew J. Costello , an author who had worked on

1488-549: The classic silent protagonists." Both CraveOnline and VGRC ranked him the fifth most "badass" male character in the video game's history. The original Doom sold 3.5 million physical copies and 1.15 million shareware copies from its 1993 release up through 1999. Doom II sold 1.55 million copies of all types in the United States during the same period, with about a quarter of that number also sold in Europe,

1550-451: The day-in-the-life episodes of the many different Real Housewives series. Documentaries and docuseries are other highlights of the non-fiction branch of media franchises, such as the popular Planet Earth series, which serves as both a film and television transmedia franchise. TeamTNT TeamTNT was a distributed group of Doom mappers , originally formed as a Doom mailing list in 1994. The team are known for creating

1612-725: The fictional worlds they love, adds to the overall narrative the franchise creates through its other media. Marvel's Avenger's Campus park is one of the many franchise-based theme parks created in recent times, following the creation of The Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal Studio's Islands of Adventure and Star Wars' Galaxy's Edge at Disneyland and Disney World . Media franchises tend to cross over from their original media to other forms. Literary franchises are often transported to film, such as Nancy Drew , Miss Marple , and other popular detectives , as well as popular comic book superheroes . Television and film franchises are often expanded upon in novels , particularly those in

1674-470: The film The Matrix Reloaded and the video game Enter the Matrix were produced at the same time, using the same actors on the same sets, and released on the same day. Transmedia franchises occasionally release content through certain media that is not canon to the main or greater story that the franchise is built around, meaning that the elements of said content do not truly exist in the main timeline of

1736-467: The financial logic of cost-recovery for expensive productions by identifying that a single medium launch is a lost opportunity, the timeliness of the production and release is more important than its integrity, the releases should raise brand awareness and the cross-ability of the work is critical for its success. American Idol was a transmedia franchise from its beginnings, with the first season winner Kelly Clarkson signing with RCA Records and having

1798-475: The first live-action film adaptation, titled Doom , which starred Karl Urban and Dwayne Johnson . In 2019, Universal released a second live-action film adaptation direct-to-video , titled Doom: Annihilation starring Amy Manson . In 1996, Next Generation ranked the series as the 19th top game of all time, for how "despite the hundreds of copycat titles, no one has ever been able to equal id's original, pulsing classic." In 1999, Next Generation listed

1860-607: The focus on the content of the commodity to "overlapping the commodity image with the character image". The book Anime's Media Mix: Franchising Toys and Characters in Japan, by Marc Steinberg, details the evolution of the media mix in Japan. Long-running franchises were common in the early studio era, when Hollywood studios had actors and directors under long-term contract. In such cases, even lead actors are often replaced as they age, lose interest, or their characters are killed. Spin-offs and adaptations of popular pieces of media within

1922-433: The franchise's characters and settings. As one author explains, "For the studios, a home-run is a film from which a multimedia 'franchise' can be generated; the colossally expensive creation of cross-media conglomerates predicated on synergistic rewards provides an obvious imperative to develop such products." The trend later developed wherein franchises would be launched in multiple forms of media simultaneously; for instance,

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1984-415: The franchise. Canon content often times breaks continuity, leading fans to speculate or seek to confirm which media are canon and which are not, which can get confusing if the franchise does not provide an answer themselves since entire media can be non-canon to the greater story, with a popular example occurring. On the other hand, specific episodes, volumes or parts of a series can be canon while others in

2046-515: The full version of the game selling one million copies. The term " Doom clone " became the name for new genre now known as first-person shooters for several years. Doom II: Hell on Earth was released in 1994 in a commercial format. Only minor changes were made at a technical level; the game featured new enemies, a new "Super Shotgun" weapon, and more complex levels. The game was followed by an expansion in 1995, titled Master Levels for Doom II , which added 20 additional levels. A fourth episode

2108-416: The genre was in its infancy in the early 1990s, the player could not jump or look up and down in the classic series due to technical limitations. Some limited platforming was however present, as players could sprint at gaps and let their momentum carry them to a destination. These features were added in newer titles, with the 2016 series in particular featuring a strong focus on platforming. The development of

2170-521: The highly active doom-editing mailing list. TeamTNT originally formed as a two-group entity: the Alpha group whose concerns centered primarily on level design and mod work employing pre-existing Doom II resources as developed by the original Id Software team, and the Beta group who would be focused more closely on partial and total conversions including sprite changes. The Beta team dissolved shortly after

2232-484: The laughs", describing the other novels as largely unrelated sci-fi stories. A one-shot comic book written by Steve Behling and Michael Stewart with art by Tom Grindberg was released in May 1996 by Marvel Comics as a giveaway for a video game convention. and has gained a cult following for its over-the-top dialogue. Phrases such as "rip and tear" and "huge guts" have since been referenced by later Doom titles. In 2004,

2294-483: The level design, such as the ability to adjust the geometry of the map during play. The classic metal soundtrack was replaced for a more ambient and eerie soundtrack, creating a unique atmosphere that would inspire future entries. Id did not allow the title to be called Doom 3 , as the name was being reserved for a potential return to the franchise after the development of Quake . The troubled development of Quake had resulted in major staffing changes at id by 2000, with

2356-473: The magazine), footwear, clothing of every kind, jewelry, housewares (lamps, clocks, bedding, glassware), guitars and gambling, playing cards, pinball machines and pet accessories, billiard balls, bedroom appurtenances, enhancements, plus countless other items of merchandise. Non-fiction media franchises also exist in the television and film media, with reality TV being one of the most well-known examples; ranging from competition shows like The Amazing Race to

2418-400: The media fictional material is unrelated. Non-fiction literary franchises include the ...For Dummies and The Complete Idiot's Guide to... reference books . An enduring and comprehensive example of a media franchise is Playboy Enterprises , which began expanding well beyond its successful magazine, Playboy , within a few years after its first publication, into such enterprises as

2480-547: The narrative, much of which was in the manuals rather than the games. More recent titles, notably the 2016 series, would feature a heavier focus on narrative. The original game featured eight weapons, designed so that no weapon became obsolete after the acquisition of another. With the player carrying all these weapons at once, the strategy of "gun juggling"—rapidly switching between the weapons depending on circumstance—can be employed. Outside of combat mechanics, Doom levels often feature mazes, colored key cards and hidden areas. As

2542-468: The new Doom title initially planned as a rework of Doom II . Hints were present in 2007 at QuakeCon , and the game was formally announced in 2008. Response to preview material was negative, with fans nicknaming the project "Call of Doom", after a perceived similarity to the Call of Duty franchise. Bethesda marketing vice president Pete Hines stated in retrospect that "it wasn't Doom enough". After Rage

Doom (franchise) - Misplaced Pages Continue

2604-643: The official formation of The TeamTNT Trust, the legal entity which dealt with Id Software during negotiations concerning Final Doom . As of February 1995 team membership numbered at 104 members (including all former members of the doom-editing mailing list). During the late 1990s membership declined and fluctuated such that as of 1999, membership ranged from 35–40 members with as many as an additional 40 former and inactive members still listed on official member lists. Paul Fleschute broke his "Ultimate Invasion" project away from TeamTNT, though this project never emerged. A number of TeamTNT members were also involved with

2666-508: The original Doom started in 1992, when John Carmack developed a new game engine, the Doom engine , while the rest of the id Software team finished the Wolfenstein 3D prequel, Spear of Destiny . The game launched in an episodic format in 1993, with the first episode available as shareware and two more episodes available by mail order. The first episode was largely designed by John Romero . The title proved extremely popular, with

2728-400: The original 1993 game. The episode was released for free via Romero's website in 2019, with a paid version available that included a soundtrack by guitarist Buckethead . While Sigil was developed independently, Bethesda added the episode to the console ports of Doom as a free patch in October, alongside the two chapters of Final Doom . The next main entry in the franchise, Doom Eternal ,

2790-433: The overarching story and narrative of the franchise itself. A connection between the characters, settings, and other elements of the media franchise do still exist within the different media, regardless of the fact that they are being presented in sometimes completely different ways, such as the shared, interweaving storylines and elements of Spider-Man films, television shows, comics and video games. Espen Aarseth describes

2852-490: The owners, the goal of increasing profit through diversity can extend the commercial profitability of the franchise and create strong feelings of identity and ownership in its consumers. Those large groups of dedicated consumers create the franchise's fandom , which is the community of fans that indulge in many of its media and are committed to interacting with and keeping up with other consumers. Large franchise-based fandoms have grown to be even more popular in recent years with

2914-462: The player controls an unnamed space marine commonly referred to as Doomguy ; in the 2016 series, the protagonist is called the "Doom Slayer" or just "Slayer" in later entries. The player battles the forces of Hell , consisting of demons and the undead . The games are usually set within sprawling bases on Mars or its moons, while some parts occur in Hell. The classic series had only a minimal focus on

2976-484: The popular Twilight book series that was adapted into the five films of The Twilight Saga . Other neologisms exist to describe various franchise types including metaseries , which can be used to describe works such as Isaac Asimov 's Foundation series . Multimedia franchises usually develop through a character or fictional world becoming popular in one medium, and then expanding to others through licensing agreements , with respect to intellectual property in

3038-415: The release of A Moment Like This becoming a #1 hit on Billboard Hot 100. The success resulted in a nationwide concert tour, an American Idol book that made the bestseller list and the film From Justin to Kelly . A transmedia franchise however is often referred to by the simpler term "media franchise". The term media franchise is often used to describe the popular adaptation of a work into films, like

3100-409: The rise of social media platforms, as many fans seek to interact with one another for discussion, debate and even to create their own fan-made pieces of media revolving around the franchise, on websites like tumblr , Reddit and Fandom . In the case of successful transmedia franchises, each different medium should expand the target demographic and fandom, build the interest of the consumers and add to

3162-525: The same medium are not, such as the fact that only some of the Battlestar Galactica comics are canon, with a large amount of them breaking the continuity of the main story. In Japanese culture and entertainment, media mix ( wasei-eigo : メディアミックス , mediamikkusu ) is a strategy to disperse content across multiple representations: different broadcast media , gaming technologies, cell phones, toys, amusement parks , and other methods. It

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3224-472: The sequel Doom Eternal and commentary from Martin would later describe it as a continuation of the classic series. The 2020 re-release of Doom 64 included an expansion entitled The Lost Levels , intended "to connect 'old' Doom to 'new' Doom". A VR spinoff entitled Doom VFR was released in 2017 to generally positive reception, with reviewers discussing the movement controls in particular- which were well made albeit hidden behind menus. The game features

3286-411: The simple stuff" for his inability to look up and down in the original series. UGO Networks ranked him fourth on its 2012 list of best silent protagonists in video games, noting his courage to continue in silence even when he faces Hell's army. In 2013, Complex ranked Doomguy at number 16 on its list of the greatest soldiers in video games for being "the original video game space marine" and "one of

3348-442: The story and scripts for Doom 3 and Resurrection of Evil , were published. The series of books aim to novelize the story of Doom 3 , with the first installment, Doom 3: Worlds on Fire , published on February 26, 2008. The second book in the series, Doom 3: Maelstrom , was released in March 2009. Richart Cobbett of PC Gamer called the first installment of the Doom novels "the only one genuinely worth bothering with for

3410-537: The studio that November. The period saw the release of several spinoffs for mobile platforms. These included Doom RPG (2005), Doom II RPG (2009), and Doom Resurrection (2009). Additionally, the 2010 Xbox Live Arcade re-release of Doom II featured a new expansion entitled No Rest for the Living , which was developed by Nerve Software. This was structured in a similar manner to classic Doom chapters, with eight primary levels and one secret level. This release

3472-515: The title was also marked for 2023 and 2024. The document was produced prior to Microsoft's acquisition of ZeniMax in 2021, but the game remained in production and was revealed at the 2024 Xbox Games Showcase as Doom: The Dark Ages . The game will launch in 2025. Prequel to Doom 2016. A set of four novels based on Doom were written by Dafydd ab Hugh and Brad Linaweaver , and were published between June 1995 and January 1996 by Pocket Books . The books, listed in order, are titled Knee Deep in

3534-477: The world's highest-grossing media franchises . For example, Pokémon 's penetration into the American market of the franchise along with others of Japanese origin, such as Yu-Gi-Oh! , gave rise to the recognition of what is variously called transmedia storytelling , crossmedia, transmediation , media synergy, etc. Researchers argue that the 1963 Tetsuwan Atomu marked a shift in Japanese marketing from

3596-410: Was added to the original game by the 1995 re-release. From 1995 id Software were focused on the development of the new Quake series , which would be developed by the company throughout the late 1990s. Two additional games would be released over the following years, largely created by third-party developers under id's supervision. The first of these was Final Doom , which featured 64 levels based on

3658-509: Was directed by Hugo Martin and released in 2020. The title sold very well, generating $ 450 million in revenue over the first year; double the launch revenue of the previous title. Some commentators cited the timing of the release, which coincided with a wave of interest in gaming worldwide amid restrictions on social gathering during the COVID-19 pandemic . The game was made in id Tech 7 , which afforded numerous technical improvements over

3720-476: Was not as successful as hoped, publisher ZeniMax requested a reboot of Doom 4 and moved the Rage staff over to the new project. This version was built using Rage ' s code base and suffered from disputes among staff, particularly among managers of the two projects. The game was cancelled in 2013. John Carmack , one of the few remaining veterans from the development of the classic series still present at id, left

3782-477: Was packaged with the BFG Edition of Doom 3 in 2012. After the 2013 scrapping of the Doom 4 project, Willits stated that the next game in the Doom series was still the team's focus. Hugo Martin was hired as creative director that year and would go on to be a key figure in the revived franchise. The game was announced simply as Doom in 2014. It was released to generally positive reception in 2016, with

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3844-520: Was shutting down Alpha Dog in May 2024; this will result in the discontinuation of Mighty Doom in August. In August 2024, id Software in collaboration with Nightdive Studios and MachineGames released Doom + Doom II , a "definitive rerelease" of all the pre -Doom 64 games alongside Sigil and a new 2 episode expansion pack called Legacy of Rust . The release features new enemies and weapons. In March 2021, Hugo Martin discussed some directions future Doom titles could take, discussing time travel or

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