Uelkal ( Russian : Уэлькаль ; Yupik : Валъӄалыӄ, lit. Whale Jaw ; Chukchi : Валӄалԓьан , Valḳalḷʼan ) is a village ( selo ) in Iultinsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug , Russia . Population: 243 ( 2010 Census ) ; a slight reduction on a 2003 estimate of 258, of whom 208 were indigenous people, which itself showed a slight increase, up from 202 the previous year. The village is located approximately 100 kilometers (60 mi) away from the administrative centre of Egvekinot , at the western side of the mouth of Kresta Bay . Municipally, Uelkal is subordinated to Iultinsky Administrative District and incorporated as Uelkal Rural Settlement .
16-578: Uelkal is situated on the south side of Cape Annyualkal spit at the entrance to Kresta Bay, by the Bering Sea, 174 km from the District centre Egvekinot . The village is the most western settlement in Russia in the western hemisphere and the most western Eskimo settlements in the world. The village was founded in 1920 by settlers from Cape Chaplino. During World War II, this was the eastern stage on
32-406: A pharmacy, a communications centre, and a store. The main sources of livelihood for the residents of this town are hunting seals , walrus , and whales , which is done as part of the municipal agricultural enterprise "Nanuk" ( Russian : Нанук ). In the village there is a high school, a kindergarten, a local hospital, pharmacy, home culture, communication center and shop as well as a rural folk club,
48-480: A ski lodge can be found near the Staratelsky Stream. Egvekinot, historically having a polar tundra climate ( Köppen ET ), has recently transitioned into a subarctic climate ( Köppen Dfc ) due to global warming . Temperatures average below freezing from October all the way through to the following May, and can average below −20 °C (−4 °F) from December through to March. The short summer
64-551: Is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement ) and the administrative center of Iultinsky District in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug , Russia . The population is 2,790 ( 2010 Census ) . Egvekinot, located on the coast of Kresta Bay (a part of the Bering Sea ) at the foot of mountains some 800 m (2,600 ft) high, is a port settlement with a maximum depth of 35 m (115 ft). It
80-583: Is directly subordinated. As a municipal division , the urban-type settlement of Egvekinot is incorporated within Iultinsky Municipal District as Egvekinot Urban Settlement . The nearby former selo of Ozyorny has been incorporated into Egvekinot as Ozyorny Microdistrict . Egvekinot can be reached by flights from Anadyr (236 km (147 mi)) which land at the Kresta Bay Airport [ ru ] , though
96-541: Is located 1,675 km (1,041 mi) from Magadan , 236 km (147 mi) from Anadyr , and 6,097 km (3,789 mi) from Moscow . Archeological excavations around the settlement have indicated that the area was inhabited in Neolithic times and possibly even in the Mesolithic , with the discovery of a number of stone implements, tools for grinding and obsidian arrowheads, all of which are now stored in
112-586: Is temperate. The average temperature in January is −18.1 °C (−0.6 °F), and the average temperature in July is 10.5 °C (50.9 °F). Temperatures over 20 °C (68 °F) can occur during the brief summer, especially in July. On 10 July, 2019 the temperature reached for the first and only time 30 °C (86 °F), with the record high being 30.6 °C (87.1 °F). Russian Census (2010) Too Many Requests If you report this error to
128-672: The ALSIB Uelkal- Krasnoyarsk route for US-made lend-lease warplanes to Russia. During the mid-1950s, the Central Intelligence Agency suspected that a major bomber staging base was being built at Uelkal capable of reaching United States, however the Soviets instead built the facility at Anadyr Ugolny Airport 102 miles (164 km) to the south and the Uelkal airfield fell into decline. Until
144-704: The Amguema River . A monument to the Mi-8 helicopter , a common sight in the air over Chukotka, is located in the airport. There is a museum in the settlement which deals mainly with local history, people, and archeology, as well as a cultural center, home to the Zalivskiye Napevy folk chorus, the Sone song group, and Severyanka folk dance ensemble. Egvekinot has one of only two ski slopes in Chukotka;
160-507: The Chukchi-Eskimo group "Imlya", youth groups "Kiyagnyk" (lit. "Life") and "Avsinahak" (lit. "pups"). Uelkal is not connected to any other part of the world by road however, there is a small network of roads within the village including: Uelkal has a Continental Subarctic or Boreal ( taiga ) climate ( Dfc ). Egvekinot Egvekinot ( Russian : Эгвекино́т ; Chukchi : Эрвыӄыннот , Èrvyḳynnot , lit. sharp, hard land )
176-407: The early 2000s near the village acted as tropospheric intermediate relay station number 20/103, part of the "North" link (call sign – "Kazan"). As of 2002, it had 258 inhabitants, of whom 202 were indigenous people, though this has reduced significantly in the last decade, with 2014 estimates indicating a population of only 210. The village has a secondary school , a medical assistant-midwife centre,
SECTION 10
#1732782523104192-581: The local museum in Egvekinot. In 1937, metal deposits were discovered in Iultin . Due to the isolated nature of the area, the transportation of any minerals extracted would be difficult and it was decided that a new port would be created to serve the Iultin mines. Dalstroy formed a new section, "Chukotstroy", whose aim was to construct Egvekinot and the road connecting it with the Iultin mines. Egvekinot
208-418: The population to grow to over 5,000 by the late 1980s. However, when the mining complex was closed in 1993, the economy of Egvekinot suffered with the population falling rapidly throughout the 1990s, although the 2010 Census details indicate a slight recovery in recent years. Within the framework of administrative divisions , Egvekinot serves as the administrative center of Iultinsky District , to which it
224-466: The spring meltwaters can cause the runway to become flooded. Infrequent helicopter service to Provideniya by Chukotavia . Egvekinot is linked to the now abandoned settlement of Iultin by the Iultin-Egvekinot road [ ru ] (around 200 km (120 mi)) via Amguema , as well as to the abandoned settlements of Dorozhny , Tranzitny , and Geologichesky . The road crosses
240-597: Was founded in 1946, under the supervision of B. N. Lenkov, the first head of Chukotstroy, specifically as a port so that the nearby Iultin Mining Complex about 180 km (110 mi) north of the settlement could be easily supplied with materials. On July 16, 1946, the MV Sovetskaya Latviya brought the first 1,500 settlers to Egvekinot. These construction workers were mainly political prisoners rather than willing emigrants. This labor force
256-408: Was responsible for the construction of the entire infrastructure in the area, including the construction of Egvekinot, the nearby village of Ozyorny, and the village of Iultin, as well as the 270 km (170 mi) road linking the mines to the new port, the power station, warehouses, and residential and industrial buildings. As a result of this, the settlement became quite an important hub causing
#103896