The Ulungur River / Urungu River or Urungu ( Mongolian : Өрөнгө гол , romanized : Öröngö Gol , Chinese : 乌伦古河 ; pinyin : Wūlúngǔ hé ), in its upper reaches in Mongolia known as the Bulgan River ( Mongolian : Булган гол ), is a river of China and Mongolia . It rises in the Altai Mountains in western Mongolia, flows south into China's Xinjiang ( Altay Prefecture ), where it turns north-west to empty into the Ulungur Lake . It is about 700 km long.
22-602: The Irtysh–Karamay Canal crosses the Ulungur River at 46°36′15″N 87°56′52″E / 46.60417°N 87.94778°E / 46.60417; 87.94778 , on an aqueduct . In the early Quaternary , the Ulungur (as well as the upper Irtysh) flowed into the Dzungarian Basin , terminating in a large lake (the "Old Manas Lake") in the region of today's Lake Manas . Later tectonic movements redirected
44-825: A canal whereby water could be transferred from the Burqin Shankou Reservoir on the Burqin River to the Project 635 reservoir on the Irtysh. Even though the Burqin is a tributary of the Irtysh, its natural confluence point with the Irtysh is in Burqin Town (the county seat of Burqin County ), which is over 100 km downstream from the Project 635 Dam, and in the absence of the "Bringing Western Water to
66-623: A number of reservoirs in Fukang County-level city (e.g., the one at 44°16′25″N 88°7′40″E / 44.27361°N 88.12778°E / 44.27361; 88.12778 ), terminating in the large reservoir known as "Reservoir 500" (“500”水库; 44°12′00″N 87°49′00″E / 44.20000°N 87.81667°E / 44.20000; 87.81667 ) on the border of Fukang County-level city and Ürümqi's suburban Midong District . A new industrial area, called Ganquanbao Industrial Parl (甘泉堡工业园), or Industrial New City 500 (500工业新城)
88-547: A river in Mongolia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Irtysh%E2%80%93Karamay Canal The Irtysh – Karamay – Ürümqi Canal ( Chinese : 引额济克(乌)工程 ; pinyin : Yǐn-É-jì-Kè (Wū) gōngchéng ; lit. 'Irtysh River Diversion to Karamay (Ürümqi) Project'), also known as the Project 635 ( Chinese : 635工程 ; pinyin : 635 gōngchéng ; lit. 'Project 635') Canal,
110-472: Is 7,415 m long. The Project 635 reservoir is required not only to supply the Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi Canal with water, but also to maintain a sufficient amount of water flow in the Irtysh below the dam, for the local agricultural use and ecosystem maintenance. To improve the water balance at the reservoir, the local authorities are envisioning the so-called Project for Bringing Western Water to
132-585: Is a system of water-transfer canals and reservoirs in the northern part of China's Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region . It transfers water from the Irtysh River (which flows toward the Arctic Ocean ) into several dry endorheic basins of north-central Xinjiang, where it is used for irrigation and general use of the population and industries. The canal is often referred in Chinese publications simply
154-510: Is being developed west of the reservoir, relying on it for water supply. West of Reservoir 500, a network of canals serves a large area of Midong District; in particular, a major canal runs to a small reservoir at 44°4′40″N 87°36′30″E / 44.07778°N 87.60833°E / 44.07778; 87.60833 . There are several tunnels along the canal's route, including the Dingshan Tunnel ( Chinese : 顶山隧洞 ), which
176-565: Is located in Fuhai County , about 56 km east of Beitun . It creates a reservoir (the Project 635 Reservoir , Chinese : "635"水库 ), which serves as the source of water for the Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi Canal . Water from the reservoir is used for industry, agriculture and power. Construction on the dam began in 1998 and it began to impound its reservoir in 2000. The dam was complete in 2001. The Project 635 reservoir
198-469: Is required not only to supply the Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi Canal with water, but also to maintain a sufficient amount of water flow in the Irtysh below the dam, for the local agricultural use and ecosystem maintenance. To improve the water balance at the reservoir, the local authorities are envisioning the so-called Project for Bringing Western Water to the East (西水东引工程). The project would involve the construction of
220-460: The "Project for Supplying Water From the Irtysh" ("引额供水"工程). According to Chinese planners, the water carried by the canal will eventually irrigate 140,000 hectares of land. An important user of the canal's water is the petroleum industry around Karamay. The ideas for redirecting some of the waters of the Irtysh for irrigation use in the (Soviet) Central Asia was actively discussed in the USSR in
242-403: The East (西水东引工程). The project would involve the construction of a canal whereby water could be transferred from the Burqin Shankou Reservoir on the Burqin River to the Project 635 reservoir on the Irtysh. Even though the Burqin is a tributary of the Irtysh, its natural confluence point with the Irtysh is in Burqin Town (the county seat of Burqin County ), which is over 100 km downstream from
SECTION 10
#1732765077130264-637: The Irtysh–Karamay Canal crosses the Baiyang River on an aqueduct at 46°7′45″N 85°25′35″E / 46.12917°N 85.42639°E / 46.12917; 85.42639 , upstream of Urho District 's main urban area. A provision is made for letting some water flow from the canal into the Baiyang River, ( 46°7′45″N 85°25′40″E / 46.12917°N 85.42778°E / 46.12917; 85.42778 ), thus improving
286-617: The Main Trunk Canal is divided into two branches: the West Trunk Canal (西干渠), running toward Karamay, and the East Trunk Canal (东干渠), running toward Ürümqi. From the three trunk canals' junction point, the West Trunk Canal running in the general southwestern direction, skirting the northwestern edge of the Dzungarian Basin along the foothills of the mountains that form the basin's border. The West Trunk of
308-462: The Project 635 Dam, and in the absence of the "Bringing Western Water to the East" canal its waters would not be available at the Project 635 location. Project 635 Dam The Project 635 Dam ( Chinese : "635"水利枢纽工程 ; pinyin : "635" shuǐlì shūniǔ gōngchéng ) is one of the three dams constructed on the Irtysh River in China's Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region . The embankment dam
330-536: The Ulungur River) in Qinggil (Qinghe) County in 1980 to protect the creatures. 46°59′58″N 87°26′25″E / 46.99944°N 87.44028°E / 46.99944; 87.44028 This article related to a river in China is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Xinjiang location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to
352-478: The Ulungur onto its current course. The Sino-Mongolian beaver , Castor fiber birulai , is found only in the basin of the Ulungur River. The population is considered endangered. The Bulgan Beaver Nature Reserve ( Chinese : 布尔根河河狸自然保护区 ; 46°12′00″N 90°45′00″E / 46.20000°N 90.75000°E / 46.20000; 90.75000 ) has been established on the Bulgan River (a tributary of
374-615: The general southern and southwestern direction, toward the Ulungur River . A significant amount of irrigated agriculture has been developed downhill (i.e., northwest) of the canal in many areas. The Main Trunk Canal crosses the Ulungur River over an aqueduct at 46°36′00″N 87°57′00″E / 46.60000°N 87.95000°E / 46.60000; 87.95000 . At 46°31′04″N 87°56′15″E / 46.51778°N 87.93750°E / 46.51778; 87.93750
396-516: The mid-20th century. However, the bulk of the Soviet Northern river reversal project was never implemented; only a fairly minor Irtysh–Karaganda Canal was constructed in central Kazakhstan . The upper course of the Irtysh, is, however, in China, and it was the Chinese authorities who, in the 1990s, embarked on a large-scale project for the use of some of the waters of that river in the Chinese part of Central Asia, i.e. Xinjiang. The project
418-433: The route of the canal, including: From the three trunk canals' junction, the more recently constructed 420-km-long East Trunk Canal almost immediately goes into a long tunnel (portals at 46°30′55″N 87°56′14″E / 46.51528°N 87.93722°E / 46.51528; 87.93722 and 46°22′53″N 87°56′37″E / 46.38139°N 87.94361°E / 46.38139; 87.94361 ). After leaving
440-531: The tunnel, it runs in the general southern direction across the almost uninhabited Gurbantünggüt Desert It reaches the Tian Shan piedmont belt of human habitation at Daquan Ranch (大泉牧场) in Fukang County-level city at around 44°24′00″N 88°24′15″E / 44.40000°N 88.40417°E / 44.40000; 88.40417 . Via branch canals, the East Trunk Canal supplies water to
462-1027: The water supply situation in Urho District, and maintaining the stable water level in the Ailik Lake into which the Baiyang River flows. On reaching downtown Karamay, the 8.5-km-long section of the canal, known the Karamay River (克拉玛依河, Kèlāmǎyī hé ) or the City River (穿城河, Chuān chéng hé ) becomes the centerpiece of the city's main park ( 45°34′54″N 84°52′36″E / 45.58167°N 84.87667°E / 45.58167; 84.87667 ). The canal apparently ends ( 45°34′20″N 84°51′20″E / 45.57222°N 84.85556°E / 45.57222; 84.85556 ) in Aykula (Aikule) Reservoir (阿依库勒水库), just south of downtown Karamay. Several other reservoirs have been constructed along
SECTION 20
#1732765077130484-592: Was approved by all the relevant authorities by 2000, and construction work started soon thereafter. The water reached Karamay by 2008. The 134 km long Main Trunk Canal (总干渠) of the Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi system starts at the Project 635 Dam on the upper Irtysh, at 47°14′01″N 88°28′42″E / 47.233615°N 88.478394°E / 47.233615; 88.478394 , in Fuhai (Burultokay) County of Altay Prefecture . The Main Trunk Canal runs in
#129870