38-608: (Redirected from Ulster-Scottish ) Ulster Scots , may refer to: Ulster Scots people Ulster Scots dialect Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Ulster Scots . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ulster_Scots&oldid=1237418065 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
76-576: A portmanteau neologism popularised by the physician, amateur historian and politician Ian Adamson , merging Ulster and Lallans – the Scots for 'Lowlands' – but also said to be a backronym for 'Ulster-Scots language in literature and native speech'. The North American ancestry of the X-linked form of the genetic disease congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus has been traced to Ulster Scots who travelled to Nova Scotia in 1761 on
114-523: A "remaining agent" the equivalent of George Nicolson in Edinburgh. He eventually carried the official news of Elizabeth's death to Scotland. In 1601, Gaelic chieftain Conn O'Neill of Ulster sent his men to attack English soldiers after a quarrel and was consequently imprisoned. O'Neill's wife made a deal with Scots aristocrat Hugh Montgomery to give him half of O'Neill's lands if Montgomery could get
152-635: A mausoleum for his parents in the churchyard where his father had been minister. He erected a school attached to the mausoleum which he named Clandeboye School. Both buildings still stand. In the Irish Rebellion of 1641 , the native Irish population rose against English settlers, and later also Scottish settlers, and killed thousands of them. The king gave colonels' commissions to Hamilton and other Scots in November to raise troops in Ulster to combat
190-461: A reward for helping him escape from English captivity. Hamilton forced himself in on this deal when he discovered it and, after three years of bickering, the final settlement gave Hamilton and Montgomery each one-third of the land. Starting in 1609, Scots began arriving into state-sponsored settlements as part of the Plantation of Ulster . This scheme was intended to confiscate all the lands of
228-457: A royal pardon for O'Neill. Montgomery obtained the pardon but in August 1604 Hamilton discovered the plan for the land. James Fullerton, now Sir James and an advisor to King James, convinced the king that the lands were too large to be split in two and should be divided into three, with one-third going to his associate Hamilton; the king agreed. Hamilton's main grant, made formally in November 1605,
266-460: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Language and nationality disambiguation pages Ulster Scots people The Ulster Scots people or Scots-Irish are an ethnic group descended largely from Scottish and some Northern English Borders settlers who moved to the northern province of Ulster in Ireland mainly during
304-662: The British Empire and especially to the American colonies , later Canada and the United States. In North America , they are sometimes called "Scotch-Irish", though this term is not used in the British Isles . After some minor settling during the late Tudor and early Stuart periods, the first major influx of Lowland Scots and Border English Protestant settlers into Ulster came in the first two decades of
342-760: The British Plantations in Ireland , which had been destroyed by the rebellion of 1641, were restored. However, due to the Scots' enmity to the English Parliament in the final stages of the English Civil War , English settlers rather than Scots were the main beneficiary of this scheme. There was a generation of calm in Ireland until another war broke out in 1689, again due to political conflict closely aligned with ethnic and religious differences. The Williamite war in Ireland (1689–91)
380-515: The Gaelic Irish nobility in Ulster and to settle the province with Protestant Scottish and English colonists. Under this scheme, a substantial number of Scots were settled, mostly in the south and west of Ulster, on confiscated land. While many of the Scottish planters in Ulster came from southwest Scotland, a large number came from the southeast, including the unstable regions right along
418-480: The Irish Rebellion of 1641 , the native Irish gentry attempted to extirpate the English and Scottish settlers in revenge for being driven off their ancestral land, resulting in severe violence, massacres and ultimately leading to the deaths of between four and six thousand settlers over the winter of 1641–42. Native Irish civilians were massacred in return. By 1642, native Irish were in de facto control of much of
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#1732787175161456-639: The Ulster Scots settlement, four years before the Plantation of Ulster in 1610. The settlement was a success and Hamilton was knighted by the king at Royston on 14 November 1609. In 1610 Hamilton bought Dufferin from the White family. By 1611, a new town of eighty houses had been established at Bangor , where Hamilton lived. His brother John acquired lands in County Armagh and founded Markethill , Hamiltonsbawn and Newtownhamilton . Hamilton
494-660: The United Irishmen to participate in the Irish Rebellion of 1798 in support of republican and egalitarian ideals. Just a few generations after arriving in Ulster, considerable numbers of Ulster-Scots emigrated to the North American colonies of Great Britain . Between 1717 and 1775, over 100,000 migrated to what became the United States of America . Around the same time, the British took control of
532-518: The 17th century. There is an Ulster Scots dialect of the Scots language . Historically, there has been considerable population exchanges between Ireland and Scotland over the millennia. This group are found mostly in the province of Ulster, their ancestors were Protestant settlers who migrated from the Scottish Lowlands and Northern England during the Plantation of Ulster , which
570-506: The 17th century. Before the Plantation of Ulster (and even before the Flight of the Earls ), there was the 1606 independent Scottish settlement in east Down and Antrim . It was led by adventurers James Hamilton and Sir Hugh Montgomery , two Ayrshire lairds . Montgomery was granted half of Lord of Upper Clandeboye Conn McNeill O'Neill's land, a significant Gaelic lordship in Ulster, as
608-474: The 18th and 19th centuries. In fact, these 'Scots-Irish' from Ulster and Lowland Scotland comprised the most numerous group of immigrants from Great Britain and Ireland to the American colonies between 1717 and 1775, with over 100,000 leaving Ulster at the time. Towards the end of the 18th century, many Ulster-Scots Presbyterians ignored religious differences and, along with many Catholic Gaelic Irish, joined
646-488: The English throne on Elizabeth's death. Eventually they resigned their College positions to take up appointments at the royal court. Hamilton was in London intermittently from August 1600 as agent for James VI in connection with negotiations for James to succeed Elizabeth . Hamilton was accredited by James VI to reside in London, by his letters to Elizabeth and Robert Cecil on 4 August 1600. James said that Hamilton would be
684-653: The Protestant minority's monopoly on power in Ireland. Their victories at Derry , the Boyne and Aughrim are still commemorated by the Orange Order into the 21st century. Finally, another major influx of Scots into northern Ireland occurred in the late 1690s, when tens of thousands of people fled a famine in Scotland to come to Ulster. It was only after the 1690s that Scottish settlers and their descendants,
722-596: The Scottish lowlands. In particular, the origin of country and western music was extensively from Ulster Scots folk music, in addition to English, German, and African-American styles. The cultural traditions and aspects of this culture including its links to country music are articulated in David Hackett Fischer 's book, Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America . In 2010's documentary The Hamely Tongue , filmmaker Deaglán Ó Mocháin traces back
760-801: The Ulster-Scottish settlers from native Irish landowners. The war itself, part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms , ended in the 1650s, with the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland . At the head of the army, Oliver Cromwell conquered all of Ireland. Defeating the Irish Confederates and English Royalists on behalf of the English Parliamentarians , he and his forces employed methods and inflicted casualties among
798-486: The United States is higher (over 27 million) likely because contemporary Americans with some Scotch-Irish heritage may regard themselves as either Irish, Scottish, or simply American instead. Over the centuries, Ulster Scots culture has contributed to the unique character of the counties in Ulster . The Ulster Scots Agency points to industry, language, music, sport, religion and myriad traditions brought to Ulster from
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#1732787175161836-757: The border with England (the Scottish Borders and Northumberland ). These groups were from the Borderers or Border Reivers culture, which had familial links on both sides of the Anglo-Scottish border. The plan was that moving these Borderers to Ireland would both solve the Borders problem and tie down Ulster. This was of particular concern to James VI of Scotland when he became King of England, since he knew Scottish instability could jeopardise his chances of ruling both kingdoms effectively. During
874-519: The civilian Irish population that have long been commonly considered by contemporary sources, historians and the popular culture to be outside of the accepted military ethics of the day (see more on the debate here ). After the Cromwellian war in Ireland was over, many of their soldiers settled permanently in eastern Ulster. Under the Act of Settlement 1652 , all Catholic-owned land was confiscated and
912-502: The descendants of English settlers . For this reason, up until the 19th century, there was considerable disharmony between Dissenters and the ruling Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. With the enforcement of Queen Anne's 1703 Test Act , which caused further discrimination against all who did not participate in the established church , considerable numbers of Ulster-Scots migrated to the colonies in British America throughout
950-672: The greatest scholars and hopeful wits in his time" and became a teacher in Glasgow . In about 1587 he left Scotland by ship and due to storms unexpectedly arrived in Dublin , Ireland. He decided to stay and took up the position of master at the Free School in Ship Street. He employed fellow Scot James Fullerton as usher. One of their pupils was eight-year-old James Ussher , later Archbishop of Armagh. When Trinity College Dublin
988-472: The island under a Confederate Ireland , with about a third under the control of the opposition. However, many Ulster-Scots Presbyterians joined with the Irish in rebellion and aided them in driving the English out. The Ulster Scots population in Ireland was probably preserved from destruction during the subsequent Irish Confederate Wars , when a Scottish Covenanter army was landed in the province to protect
1026-564: The majority of whom were Presbyterian , gained numeric superiority in Ulster, though still a minority in Ireland as a whole. Along with Catholics , they were legally disadvantaged by the Penal Laws , which gave full rights only to members of the Church of Ireland (the Anglican state church ), who were mainly Anglo-Irish (themselves often absentee landlords ), native Irish converts or
1064-527: The origins of this culture and language, and relates its manifestations in today's Ireland. The film's title refers to James Fenton's book, The Hamely Tongue: A personal record of Ulster-Scots in County Antrim . Most Ulster Scots speak Ulster English as a first language . Ulster Scots is the local dialect of the Lowland Scots language which has, since the 1980s, also been called "Ullans",
1102-442: The rising. Hamilton raised a regiment of 1,000 men. He wrote for red and white taffeta to make flags for his captains. The regiments raised by Hamilton and Hugh Montgomery's son, Hugh Montgomery, 2nd Viscount Montgomery , saved their areas of County Down from the degree of damage done in other parts of Ulster. Hamilton died, aged about eighty-four, on 24 January 1644 and was buried in the church at Bangor. Hamilton's first wife
1140-582: The ship Hopewell . James Hamilton, 1st Viscount Claneboye James Hamilton, 1st Viscount Claneboye (c. 1560 – 24 January 1644) was a Scot who became owner of large tracts of land in County Down , Ireland, and founded a successful Protestant Scots settlement there several years before the Plantation of Ulster . Hamilton was able to acquire the lands as a result of his connections with King James I , for whom he had been an agent in negotiations for James to succeed Queen Elizabeth I . Hamilton
1178-554: The territory of New France , allowing many Ulster-Scots to migrate to these areas as well. These people are known as the Scotch-Irish Canadians . In the United States census of 2000, 4.3 million Americans (1.5% of the population of the United States) claimed Scotch-Irish ancestry. Author and former United States Senator Jim Webb suggests that the true number of people with some Scots-Irish heritage in
Ulster Scots - Misplaced Pages Continue
1216-468: Was Alice Penicook (sometimes referred to, apparently incorrectly, as Penelope Cooke), and she was with him until at least 1602. His second wife was Ursula Brabazon (died 1625), sixth daughter of Edward Brabazon, 1st Baron Ardee and Mary Smythe, and sister of the 1st Earl of Meath . He divorced Ursula in about 1615 to marry Jane Phillips (died 1661), the mother of his son. She was the daughter of Sir John Phillips of Picton Castle , Pembrokeshire . Hamilton
1254-522: Was a planned process of colonisation following the Tudor conquest of Ireland . The largest numbers came from Dumfries and Galloway , Lanarkshire , Renfrewshire , Ayrshire , Scottish Borders , Northumberland , Cumbria , Durham , Yorkshire and, to a lesser extent, from the Scottish Highlands . Ulster Scots people, displaced through hardship, emigrated in significant numbers around in
1292-742: Was elected a member of parliament for County Down in 1613. He repaired the Bangor Abbey church in 1617. He was made the first Viscount Claneboye on 4 May 1622, in the Peerage of Ireland . He was also a privy councillor. In about 1625 he moved from Bangor to Killyleagh Castle . Montgomery died in 1636 and in 1637 Hamilton built the Custom House and Tower House at his port of Bangor, to try to replace Montgomery's port at Donaghadee as Ulster's main port. In 1641, when in his eighties, he returned to his Scottish home town of Dunlop and built
1330-1042: Was fought between Jacobites who supported the restoration of the Catholic James II to the throne of England and Williamites who supported the Protestant William of Orange . The majority of the Protestant colonists throughout Ireland but particularly in Ulster, fought on the Williamite side in the war against the Jacobites . The fear of a repeat of the massacres of 1641, fear of retribution for religious persecution, as well as their wish to hold on to lands which had been confiscated from Catholic landowners, were all principal motivating factors. The Williamite forces, composed of British, Dutch, Huguenot and Danish armies, as well as troops raised in Ulster, ended Jacobite resistance by 1691, confirming
1368-592: Was founded in 1592, the first provost Adam Loftus noted that Hamilton had "a noble spirit ... and learned head" and he and Fullerton became the first two Fellows of the college. Young Ussher followed them to Trinity. Hamilton and Fullerton were presbyterians , unlike Loftus who was episcopalian . Hamilton became bursar of Trinity in 1598. Hamilton and Fullerton were also agents and informants for King James VI of Scotland . They provided James with information about Queen Elizabeth I of England 's activities in Ireland and sought Irish support for James's succession to
1406-586: Was the eldest of six sons of Hans Hamilton (1535/6–1608) and Jonet (or Janet), daughter of James Denham, laird of West Shield, Ayrshire . His father Hans was the first Protestant minister of Dunlop in East Ayrshire , Scotland. He was probably the James Hamilton who studied at the University of St Andrews and received a BA in 1584 and an MA in 1585. He acquired a reputation as "one of
1444-553: Was the lordship of Upper (South) Clandeboye and the Great Ardes in County Down . The Nine Years' War in Ireland had ended in 1603, and Hamilton and Montgomery both recruited tenants from the Scottish Lowlands to migrate to Ulster to farm their newly acquired lands for low rents. They persuaded members of their extended families to come and, in May 1606, the first group of farmers, artisans, merchants and chaplains arrived to form
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