Misplaced Pages

#321678

60-730: The car is a licence-built version of the Fiat 124 , that was heavily modified and tailored for the rough climate and road conditions across the Soviet Union and much of the Eastern Bloc countries. Subsequently, it was widely, and successfully exported to the West under the Lada brand, for over two decades. The station wagon version (correspondingly based on the Fiat 124 Familiare ) was known as

120-461: A 9.0:1 compression ratio , engine output was 70 DIN -rated metric horsepower (51 kW; 69 hp) at 5,400 rpm and 110 DIN-rated newton-metres (81 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3,300 rpm. Fiat advertised a top speed of over 150 km/h (93 mph). Besides engine and rear axle, notable mechanical changes from the regular 124 were an alternator replacing the dynamo , an uprated clutch, standard 155R13 Pirelli Cinturato radial tyres , and

180-546: A car in automotive history. The Fiat 124 was also introduced in India by Premier Automobiles Limited . In 1981 Premier began the process of acquiring the production tooling for the facelifted SEAT 124 D after authorisation from Fiat. The model was released in the autumn of 1985 as the Premier 118NE. The car was very similar to the 1966 version except for a few cosmetic changes to the front and rear. However, Premier incorporated

240-566: A central back-up light. The interior featured a redesigned padded dashboard with an oval binnacle housing two round instruments and a car radio console, a steering wheel without horn ring, new door cards, and more supportive seats. At the November 1970 Turin Motor Show , Fiat introduced a round of updates for the entire saloon and estate 124 range, as well as a new model variant—the 124 Special T. All models had gained air outlets added to

300-460: A completely redesigned front end. A black, square-mesh radiator grille was crossed by a horizontal bright bar joining the dual headlamps; each of the four round lamps was set in its own square, bright-edged housing. The grille-headlamps assembly was flanked by the turn indicators. Front and rear the bumpers had lost their over-riders, replaced by full-width rubber strips. At the rear the lamps were also new—still horizontal and rectangular in shape unlike

360-450: A downdraught (instead of the 1.2's sidedraught) twin-choke Weber 32 DHS or Solex C32 EIES carburettor and a 9.0:1 compression ratio , engine output was 70 DIN -rated metric horsepower (51 kW; 69 hp) at 5,400 rpm and 110 DIN-rated newton-metres (81 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3,300 rpm. Fiat advertised a top speed of over 150 km/h (93 mph). Besides engine and rear axle, notable mechanical changes from

420-488: A few cosmetic changes to the front and rear. However, Premier incorporated the Nissan A12 (1,171 cc and 52 bhp) powertrain instead of the original Fiat engine along with a Nissan manual gearbox. Added in 1996, there was also a version called the 1.38D which sported a diesel engine, built under license from Fratelli Negri Macchine Diesel Sud of Italy. Near the end of production an improved model called Viceroy

480-563: A four-speed and five-speed gearbox. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Fiat sought to extend its worldwide reach by licensing the 124 design following its discontinuation in mainstream Western European markets, including the widely known and most produced derivative, the Russian-built Lada , which sold over 15 million units. In 1966, Fiat entered into a collaborative agreement with the Soviet government to establish car manufacture in

540-663: A half million in 1974. In May 1974, it went on sale in Britain, priced at £ 979. The 2101 was built, virtually unaltered, from 1970 until 1982. The slightly upgraded 21013 continued to be built until 1988. The estate version of the VAZ-2101 (based on the Fiat 124 Familiare) was known as the 2102 and was available from 1971. It was replaced by the 2104 (Lada Riva in some markets) in 1985. Over 660,000 were built by end of production in 1986. In May 1974, it went on sale in Britain, priced at £ 979. The 2103 (known in export markets as

600-413: A live rear axle. The engine is an inline four with two valves per cylinder and a single overhead camshaft . The 2101 is a re-engineered version of the Fiat 124 produced under licence from Fiat and tailored for the nations of the Eastern Bloc , but was widely exported to the West as an economy car . Although the facelifted and modernised VAZ-2105, 2104 & 2107 versions largely replaced it in

660-523: A starting handle for cranking the engine manually should the battery go flat in Siberian winter conditions, and an auxiliary fuel pump. Under the licensing agreement with Fiat, VAZ were forbidden from selling the car in Italy in order to protect Fiat's lucrative home market, nor was it permitted to sell it in any export market in competition with the 124; however, exports to Western Europe began in 1974 when

SECTION 10

#1732800866322

720-521: A year after its introduction in Italy, the twin-cam 124 Special T also joined the Malaysian production line. In the frame of the licence agreement between SEAT and Fiat, it was produced and sold in Spain with the name SEAT 124 from 1968 to 1975. Also a clone from the 124 Special with some elements from Fiat 125 was produced from 1969 to 1975 with the 1438 cc engine along with the twin-cams known as

780-494: Is a small family car manufactured and marketed by Italian company Fiat between 1966 and 1974. The saloon superseded the Fiat 1300 and spawned station wagon, four-seater coupé ( 124 Sport Coupé ), and two-seater convertible ( 124 Sport Spider ) variants. Fiat licensed numerous variants of the 124 for worldwide manufacture, including the Russian-built VAZ-2101 " Zhiguli " and its many derivatives. Known as

840-449: The 124 Special ; like Fiat's other Special models, it was an upmarket, better appointed and higher performance variant of the standard saloon. A month after, in November, it was displayed at the 50th Turin Motor Show alongside its larger sibling, the new 125 Special . In addition to a 1.4-litre overhead valve engine, the 124 Special notably introduced all-new 5-link (four longitudinal, one transverse) solid axle rear suspension in place of

900-476: The Berlina had large, nearly square tail lamps made up by two stacked rectangular elements. The renewed Special sported a completely redesigned front end. A black, square-mesh radiator grille was crossed by a horizontal bright bar joining the dual headlamps; each of the four round lamps was set in its own square, bright-edged housing. The grille-headlamps assembly was flanked by the turn indicators. Front and rear

960-521: The Fiat 1500 . The 124 featured a spacious interior, advanced coil spring rear suspension, disc brakes on all wheels and lightweight construction. A 5-door station wagon variant (named 124 Familiare on its home market) as well as the 124 Sport Spider variants debuted at the 48th Turin Motor show in November 1966. A few months later, at the March 1967 Geneva Motor Show , the 124 Sport Coupé completed

1020-467: The Lada outside the Soviet Union, these Russian variants constituted the vast majority of 124 derived production, making it the fifth best selling automotive platform in history. The 124 was superseded in its home market by the Fiat 131 , launched in 1974. As a clean-sheet design by Oscar Montabone, the chief engineer responsible for its development, the 124 used only the all-synchromesh gear box from

1080-437: The Nissan A12 (1,171 cc and 52 bhp) powertrain instead of the original Fiat engine along with a Nissan manual gearbox. Added in 1996, there was also a version called the 1.38D which sported a diesel engine, built under license from Fratelli Negri Macchine Diesel Sud of Italy. Near the end of production an improved model called Viceroy was released in collaboration with Peugeot . Production ended in 2001. The 124

1140-554: The Samara region of Russia . Fiat was contracted to take part in the creation of the massive VAZ plant in the newly created town of Togliatti , named after the Italian communist leader of the same name . The factory produced an adapted version 124R of the 124, known as the VAZ-2101 " Zhiguli " (sold as the Lada 1200/1300 in export markets), until 1982, and 1200s until 1987. Based on the 124, they were modified at more than 800 points,

1200-540: The VAZ-2102 . The lightweight Italian Fiat 124 , which had won the 1967 European Car of the Year , was adapted in order to survive treacherous Russian driving conditions. Among many changes, aluminium brake drums were added to the rear, and the original Fiat engine was dropped in favour of a newer design made by NAMI . This new engine had a modern overhead camshaft design but was never used in Fiat cars. The suspension

1260-459: The "FUs" 1,600 cc (1970–72), and 1,800 cc (1972–75) branded as SEAT 1430 . In 1975 when Fiat stopped production of the Fiat 124, the SEAT 124 had a minor facelift done by Giorgetto Giugiaro changing the aesthetics of the car by changing the round headlamps to rectangular design and integrating taillights into the body, car was known as the SEAT 124D and remained in production until 1980 with

SECTION 20

#1732800866322

1320-400: The 124 design following its discontinuation in mainstream Western European markets, including the widely known and most produced derivative, the Russian-built Lada , which sold over 15 million units. In 1966, Fiat entered into a collaborative agreement with the Soviet government to establish car manufacture in the Samara region of Russia . Fiat was contracted to take part in the creation of

1380-401: The 124 used only the all-synchromesh gear box from the Fiat 1500 . The 124 featured a spacious interior, advanced coil spring rear suspension, disc brakes on all wheels and lightweight construction. A 5-door station wagon variant (named 124 Familiare on its home market) as well as the 124 Sport Spider variants debuted at the 48th Turin Motor show in November 1966. A few months later, at

1440-616: The 124 was discontinued in favour of Fiat's newer 131 Mirafiori . The 2101 was exported under the Lada 1200 , Lada 1300 , Lada 1200S and Lada 2101 until 1989 and was positioned as a budget "no frills" offering; it was sold in the United Kingdom from May 1974, until the arrival of the Riva in 1983. It was the first Lada to be sold in the United Kingdom. The first year, 22,000 were produced, and capacity reached 660,000 by 1973. Sales reached one million on 21 December 1973, and one and

1500-547: The C-pillar for better ventilation, and a split brake circuit; while some features previously exclusive to the 124 Special such as servo-assisted brakes, back-up light and an alternator were made standard across the range. Berlina and Familiare both had a new grille with alternated chrome and black horizontal bars, and larger bumper over-riders. Additionally the Berlina had large, nearly square tail lamps made up by two stacked rectangular elements. The renewed Special sported

1560-534: The Lada 1500) was very similar to the 2101, and had many common features with the Fiat 124 Special that was developed at the same time as the 2103, but with an external trim closer to the larger and more upmarket Fiat 125 . It can be identified by four headlights, a squarer appearance to the front grille, and a different interior. Some markets also received the VAZ-2106, or Lada 1600. Fiat 124 The Fiat 124

1620-443: The March 1967 Geneva Motor Show , the 124 Sport Coupé completed the range. The two Sport models were powered by an all-new 1.4-litre dual overhead camshaft engine producing 90 DIN-rated PS (66 kW; 89 hp) at 6,500 rpm. Following its introduction in 1966 with a publicity stunt, where a 124 was dropped by parachute from a plane, the 124 won the 1967 European Car of the Year award. In October 1968, Fiat launched

1680-441: The Russian-built VAZ-2101 " Zhiguli " and its many derivatives. Known as the Lada outside the Soviet Union, these Russian variants constituted the vast majority of 124 derived production, making it the fifth best selling automotive platform in history. The 124 was superseded in its home market by the Fiat 131 , launched in 1974. As a clean-sheet design by Oscar Montabone, the chief engineer responsible for its development,

1740-586: The Special ;T was identical to the Special, save for model badging at the rear. Power came from a 1.2 L (1,197 cc) Fiat OHV inline-four engine . Also, there were the 124 Special with a 1,438 cc OHV engine and the 124 Special T with 1,438 cc and 1,592 cc twin cam OHC engines . The twin cams are connected to a four-speed and five-speed gearbox. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Fiat sought to extend its worldwide reach by licensing

1800-462: The Sport models, new flush door handles, different tail lamps with integrated reflectors, and a central back-up light. The interior featured a redesigned padded dashboard with an oval binnacle housing two round instruments and a car radio console, a steering wheel without horn ring, new door cards, and more supportive seats. At the November 1970 Turin Motor Show , Fiat introduced a round of updates for

1860-528: The Sport versions now codenamed the "FLs", FL-40/45 1,600 cc 90HP, FL-80/82 1,800 cc 114HP and FL-90 1,919 cc 114HP The car was very successful in Spain, and was sold in both the four-door and station wagon versions. The Fiat 124 was also produced under the name Pirin-Fiat in Lovech , Bulgaria , on the basis of complete knockdown ( CKD ) kits between 1967 and 1971. The Fiat 124 was also produced by Tofaş under

VAZ-2101 - Misplaced Pages Continue

1920-460: The West in the early 1980s, it was still produced for the domestic market as late as 1988. Known as the Zhiguli (for the hills found near the plant) within the Soviet Union, the main differences between the VAZ-2101 and the Fiat 124 are the use of thicker gauge steel for the bodyshell, drum brakes on the rear wheels in place of disc brakes , and a bespoke engine. Early versions of the car featured

1980-414: The addition of a vacuum servo to the all-disc braking system. Visually the Special could be immediately distinguished from the standard model by its new, rectangular grille with four inset round headlamps. Less evident differences were larger vertical bumper over-riders, wheels with round ventilation holes as on the Sport models, new flush door handles, different tail lamps with integrated reflectors, and

2040-473: The body, car was known as the SEAT 124D and remained in production until 1980 with the Sport versions now codenamed the "FLs", FL-40/45 1,600 cc 90HP, FL-80/82 1,800 cc 114HP and FL-90 1,919 cc 114HP The car was very successful in Spain, and was sold in both the four-door and station wagon versions. The Fiat 124 was also produced under the name Pirin-Fiat in Lovech , Bulgaria , on the basis of complete knockdown ( CKD ) kits between 1967 and 1971. The Fiat 124

2100-437: The bumpers had lost their over-riders, replaced by full-width rubber strips. At the rear the lamps were also new—still horizontal and rectangular in shape unlike the ones used on the standard saloon—and the whole tail panel was surrounded by a chromed profile. Inside there was a new dashboard with imitation wood inserts, carpets instead of rubber mats, and cloth upholstery. The "T" in 124 Special T stood for twin cam , hinting at

2160-483: The car's 1,438 cc dual overhead camshaft engine, derived from the Sport Coupé and Spider but in a milder state of tune. Coded 124 AC.300 , this engine had revised valve timing and fuel system and produced 80 DIN -rated PS (59 kW; 79 hp) at 5,800 rpm and 112 DIN-rated N⋅m (83 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4,000 rpm. According to the manufacturer top speed was 160 km/h (99 mph). Externally

2220-502: The entire saloon and estate 124 range, as well as a new model variant—the 124 Special T. All models had gained air outlets added to the C-pillar for better ventilation, and a split brake circuit; while some features previously exclusive to the 124 Special such as servo-assisted brakes, back-up light and an alternator were made standard across the range. Berlina and Familiare both had a new grille with alternated chrome and black horizontal bars, and larger bumper over-riders. Additionally

2280-410: The larger, pushrod 1.4-liter engine with 70 hp (51 kW). In late 1971, about a year after its introduction in Italy, the twin-cam 124 Special T also joined the Malaysian production line. In the frame of the licence agreement between SEAT and Fiat, it was produced and sold in Spain with the name SEAT 124 from 1968 to 1975. Also a clone from the 124 Special with some elements from Fiat 125

2340-703: The major modifications having an entirely different OHC engine, hydraulic clutch, drum brakes at the rear, modified suspensions, etc. Early modifications include the VAZ-2102 (station wagon), 2103 (Lada 1500), 2106 (Lada 1600) and 21011 (Lada 1300). The updated and restyled versions of the 124-based design were produced until September 2012, as the VAZ-2104, 2105 and 2107 – marketed as the Lada Riva in UK markets. Production of this line reached 17,332,954 cars, this being

2400-415: The manufacturer top speed was 160 km/h (99 mph). Externally the Special T was identical to the Special, save for model badging at the rear. Power came from a 1.2 L (1,197 cc) Fiat OHV inline-four engine . Also, there were the 124 Special with a 1,438 cc OHV engine and the 124 Special T with 1,438 cc and 1,592 cc twin cam OHC engines . The twin cams are connected to

2460-463: The massive VAZ plant in the newly created town of Togliatti , named after the Italian communist leader of the same name . The factory produced an adapted version 124R of the 124, known as the VAZ-2101 " Zhiguli " (sold as the Lada 1200/1300 in export markets), until 1982, and 1200s until 1987. Based on the 124, they were modified at more than 800 points, the major modifications having an entirely different OHC engine, hydraulic clutch, drum brakes at

VAZ-2101 - Misplaced Pages Continue

2520-501: The name Fiat-KIA 124 by Asia Motors in South Korea , between 1970 and 1975. In total 6775 units were assembled. From 2002 to 2007, Lada - Egypt company built at least 9,000 cars (2,200 in 2006) in the shell of VAZ-2107 (Riva), and it continues in 2012. At Salone dell'Automobile of Torino in 1966, Carrozzeria Touring presented a convertible version of Fiat 124 saloon. It was the last car built by Touring. Only one example

2580-689: The names " Murat 124 " between 1971-1977 and " Serçe " ("sparrow" in Turkish) between 1984 and 1994, in Bursa , Turkey . 134,867 Murat 124s were produced between 1971 and 1994. Tofaş concurrently produced the Fiat 131 series under the name Murat 131 between 1976 and 2002. Today, the company manufactures bona fide Fiat models. The Fiat 124 was also produced under the name Fiat-KIA 124 by Asia Motors in South Korea , between 1970 and 1975. In total 6775 units were assembled. From 2002 to 2007, Lada - Egypt company built at least 9,000 cars (2,200 in 2006) in

2640-628: The ones used on the standard saloon—and the whole tail panel was surrounded by a chromed profile. Inside there was a new dashboard with imitation wood inserts, carpets instead of rubber mats, and cloth upholstery. The "T" in 124 Special T stood for twin cam , hinting at the car's 1,438 cc dual overhead camshaft engine, derived from the Sport Coupé and Spider but in a milder state of tune. Coded 124 AC.300 , this engine had revised valve timing and fuel system and produced 80 DIN -rated PS (59 kW; 79 hp) at 5,800 rpm and 112 DIN-rated N⋅m (83 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4,000 rpm. According to

2700-415: The original 3-link design. Starting from late 1968 the same improved rear axle was adopted by both Sport models. In detail the Special's 1,438 cc type 124 A2 engine had the same bore and stroke of the Sport Coupé and Sport Spider engines (80 × 71.5 mm), but eschewed the dual overhead camshafts of the two sportscars in favour of the more conventional overhead valve setup from the 124 saloon. With

2760-431: The range. The two Sport models were powered by an all-new 1.4-litre dual overhead camshaft engine producing 90 DIN-rated PS (66 kW; 89 hp) at 6,500 rpm. Following its introduction in 1966 with a publicity stunt, where a 124 was dropped by parachute from a plane, the 124 won the 1967 European Car of the Year award. In October 1968, Fiat launched the 124 Special ; like Fiat's other Special models, it

2820-428: The rear, modified suspensions, etc. Early modifications include the VAZ-2102 (station wagon), 2103 (Lada 1500), 2106 (Lada 1600) and 21011 (Lada 1300). The updated and restyled versions of the 124-based design were produced until September 2012, as the VAZ-2104, 2105 and 2107 – marketed as the Lada Riva in UK markets. Production of this line reached 17,332,954 cars, this being the second largest production volume for

2880-453: The regular 124 were an alternator replacing the dynamo , an uprated clutch, standard 155R13 Pirelli Cinturato radial tyres , and the addition of a vacuum servo to the all-disc braking system. Visually the Special could be immediately distinguished from the standard model by its new, rectangular grille with four inset round headlamps. Less evident differences were larger vertical bumper over-riders, wheels with round ventilation holes as on

2940-485: The same improved rear axle was adopted by both Sport models. In detail the Special's 1,438 cc type 124 A2 engine had the same bore and stroke of the Sport Coupé and Sport Spider engines (80 × 71.5 mm), but eschewed the dual overhead camshafts of the two sportscars in favour of the more conventional overhead valve setup from the 124 saloon. With a downdraught (instead of the 1.2's sidedraught) twin-choke Weber 32 DHS or Solex C32 EIES carburettor and

3000-405: The second largest production volume for a car in automotive history. The Fiat 124 was also introduced in India by Premier Automobiles Limited . In 1981 Premier began the process of acquiring the production tooling for the facelifted SEAT 124 D after authorisation from Fiat. The model was released in the autumn of 1985 as the Premier 118NE. The car was very similar to the 1966 version except for

3060-598: The shell of VAZ-2107 (Riva), and it continues in 2012. At Salone dell'Automobile of Torino in 1966, Carrozzeria Touring presented a convertible version of Fiat 124 saloon. It was the last car built by Touring. Only one example was made. Reactions were positive, but the Fiat CEO terminated this project in favour of the Pininfarina -styled 124 Sport Spider . The ESV 2500 is an Experimental Safety Vehicle that Fiat developed in 1972 based on its 124 model. It had

SECTION 50

#1732800866322

3120-438: Was 43 % higher than that of the original 124. Fiat 124 Special The Fiat 124 is a small family car manufactured and marketed by Italian company Fiat between 1966 and 1974. The saloon superseded the Fiat 1300 and spawned station wagon, four-seater coupé ( 124 Sport Coupé ), and two-seater convertible ( 124 Sport Spider ) variants. Fiat licensed numerous variants of the 124 for worldwide manufacture, including

3180-418: Was a manual auxiliary fuel pump. Some of the improvements developed by VAZ engineers were quietly applied by Fiat to the 124 in its final years of production - for example the chassis strengthening; internally within Fiat these updated models are denoted "124R", the "R" standing for 'Russian'. Engines fitted to the original Lada 2101 start with the 1.2l. The drivetrain is a simple rear-wheel drive setup with

3240-572: Was also built at the Kilang Pembena Kereta-Kereta (KPKK) factory in Tampoi, Johor , since the latter half of 1967. The cars were distributed by Sharikat Fiat Distributors. Originally only available with the 1.2-liter engine with 60 hp (44 kW), in late 1969 the sportier 124 Special joined the lineup. This version has twin headlamps, and the larger, pushrod 1.4-liter engine with 70 hp (51 kW). In late 1971, about

3300-410: Was also produced by Tofaş under the names " Murat 124 " between 1971-1977 and " Serçe " ("sparrow" in Turkish) between 1984 and 1994, in Bursa , Turkey . 134,867 Murat 124s were produced between 1971 and 1994. Tofaş concurrently produced the Fiat 131 series under the name Murat 131 between 1976 and 2002. Today, the company manufactures bona fide Fiat models. The Fiat 124 was also produced under

3360-446: Was an upmarket, better appointed and higher performance variant of the standard saloon. A month after, in November, it was displayed at the 50th Turin Motor Show alongside its larger sibling, the new 125 Special . In addition to a 1.4-litre overhead valve engine, the 124 Special notably introduced all-new 5-link (four longitudinal, one transverse) solid axle rear suspension in place of the original 3-link design. Starting from late 1968

3420-415: Was made. Reactions were positive, but the Fiat CEO terminated this project in favour of the Pininfarina -styled 124 Sport Spider . The ESV 2500 is an Experimental Safety Vehicle that Fiat developed in 1972 based on its 124 model. It had a totally new 5-door three-box design, with an extra strong passenger cell, but used the mechanicals of the standard 124 with 1438 cm3 engine. The ESV 2500 's weight

3480-413: Was produced from 1969 to 1975 with the 1438 cc engine along with the twin-cams known as the "FUs" 1,600 cc (1970–72), and 1,800 cc (1972–75) branded as SEAT 1430 . In 1975 when Fiat stopped production of the Fiat 124, the SEAT 124 had a minor facelift done by Giorgetto Giugiaro changing the aesthetics of the car by changing the round headlamps to rectangular design and integrating taillights into

3540-406: Was raised to clear rough Russian roads and the bodyshell was made from thicker, heavier steel with reinforcement in key chassis areas after cracking was discovered during durability testing. The first Lada models were equipped with a starting handle in case the battery went flat in Siberian conditions, though this was later dropped. Another feature specifically intended to help out in cold conditions

3600-432: Was released in collaboration with Peugeot . Production ended in 2001. The 124 was also built at the Kilang Pembena Kereta-Kereta (KPKK) factory in Tampoi, Johor , since the latter half of 1967. The cars were distributed by Sharikat Fiat Distributors. Originally only available with the 1.2-liter engine with 60 hp (44 kW), in late 1969 the sportier 124 Special joined the lineup. This version has twin headlamps, and

#321678