This is an accepted version of this page
50-398: Not to be confused with Viridian . Veridian may refer to: Veridian Corporation, an American aerospace and defense company, acquired by General Dynamics in 2003 Veridian Engineering, Inc., a subsidiary of American aerospace and defense company Veridian Corporation which was acquired by General Dynamics in 2003 Veridian Credit Union ,
100-595: A Jesuit mission in Virginia 's Chesapeake Bay 37 years before the founding of Jamestown. Two iconic American stories have Spanish antecedents, too. Almost 80 years before John Smith 's alleged rescue by Pocahontas , a man by the name of Juan Ortiz told of his remarkably similar rescue from execution by an Indian girl. Spaniards also held a thanksgiving —56 years before the famous Pilgrims festival —when they feasted near St. Augustine with Florida Indians, probably on stewed pork and garbanzo beans. As late as 1783, at
150-402: A combination of boric acid and potassium bichromate, then washing the material. Winsor and Newton 's catalogue listed the pigment as early as 1849. It was used as early as 1840 in a work by J. M. W. Turner . Viridian was in prominent use by the mid-nineteenth century, but was less popular than three to four times more affordable alternatives including emerald and chrome greens. Viridian
200-575: A credit union in Iowa, United States Veridian (software) , a digital library platform developed by the people of Greenstone Veridian Dynamics, a fictional company in the U.S. television series Better Off Ted Veridian Events, an event center in Missouri, United States "Veridian", a song by Northlane from their 2017 album Mesmer Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
250-603: Is a blue-green pigment , a hydrated chromium(III) oxide , of medium saturation and relatively dark in value. It is composed of a majority of green , followed by blue . The first recorded use of viridian as a color name in English was in the 1860s. Viridian takes its name from the Latin viridis , meaning "green". The pigment was first prepared in mid-19th-century Paris and remains available from several US manufacturers as prepared artists' colors in all media. Viridian pigment
300-632: Is a both byproduct of Spanish culture on these islands as well as the matrilineal structure of indigenous Chamorro culture. In Antarctica , there are only two civilian localities and both are inhabited primarily by native Spanish speakers. One of them is the Argentine Fortín Sargento Cabral , which has 66 inhabitants. The other is the Chilean town of Villa Las Estrellas , which has a population of 150 inhabitants in summer and 80 inhabitants in winter. In each of them there
350-478: Is a bright shade of spring green , which places the color between green and teal on the color wheel , or, in paint, a tertiary blue–green color. Viridian is dark in value, has medium saturation, and is transparent . Paolo Veronese green is the color that is called Verde Verones in the Guía de coloraciones ( Guide to colorations ) by Rosa Gallego and Juan Carlos Sanz, a color dictionary published in 2005 that
400-737: Is a school where students study and do research in Spanish. The Orcadas Base , an Argentine scientific station, is the oldest base in all of Antarctica still in operation and the oldest with a permanent population (since 1907). The following countries operate scientific bases in Antarctica: The Spanish and the Portuguese took the Christian faith to their colonies in the Americas, Africa, and Asia; Roman Catholicism remains
450-551: Is not a frequent color name in English, it is used in a number of cultural references, probably because it is derived from viridis , the Latin word for green, so using the word viridian sounds more elegant than simply referring to the Old English word green . Fine art painting Hispanophone Hispanophone refers to anything related to the Spanish language . In a cultural, rather than merely linguistic sense,
500-561: Is now English (as French is considered a second and mandatory language in the country). Since the Reconquista , Spain has held numerous emplacements in North Africa. Most of them were promptly lost, but to date, with an approximate population of 143,000 people, the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla , which constitute the two plazas de soberanía mayores (Major Territories under [Spanish] Sovereignty) remained Spanish, and
550-483: Is the " Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color #17-5126 TPX—Viridian Green. Generic viridian is the color that is called Viridian inspecifico in the Guía de coloraciones ( Guide to colorations ) by Rosa Gallego and Juan Carlos Sanz, a color dictionary published in 2005 that is widely popular in the Hispanophone realm. Spanish viridian is the color that is called Viridian specifico in
SECTION 10
#1732772106310600-760: Is the official language of Easter Island , a territorial possession of Chile in Polynesia . The Mariana Islands (today split between the United States territory of Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands ) were formerly governed as a part of the Spanish East Indies , and thus many Chamorros possess some degree of Spanish admixture. While most people living on these islands no longer speak Spanish,
650-428: Is widely popular in the Hispanophone realm. Paolo Veronese green was a color formulated and used by the noted 16th-century Venetian artist Paolo Veronese . Paolo Veronese green began to be used as a color name in English sometime in the 1800s (exact year uncertain). Another name for this color is transparent oxide of chromium . At right is displayed the color viridian green . The source of this color
700-518: The Chafarinas Islands , the Peñón de Alhucemas and the Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera , which constitute the three plazas de soberanía menores (Minor Territories under [Spanish] Sovereignty), still forming part of Spain. The Canary Islands , a constituent part of Spain's main territorial subdivisions, are also located in North Africa. Spanish is maintained as a secondary language alongside
750-699: The Guía de coloraciones ( Guide to colorations ) by Rosa Gallego and Juan Carlos Sanz, a color dictionary published in 2005 that is widely popular in the Hispanophone realm. Viridian is considered durable and permanent as an artist's pigment. Viridian is unaffected by temperatures up to 260 °C (500 °F), but it is unsuitable for use in ceramic glazes. Viridian is compatible with all pigments in all media, and has high oil absorption. Pure pigment formulations of viridian are hard and may separate in tubes, but adding barium sulfate in small quantities enables easy grinding and dispersion. Although viridian
800-474: The Pacific Coast as far as Oregon . In 1540 Hernando de Soto undertook an extensive exploration of the present United States. In the same year Francisco Vásquez de Coronado led 2,000 Spaniards and Mexican Indians across today's Arizona –Mexico border and traveled as far as central Kansas , close to the exact geographic center of what is now the continental United States. Other Spanish explorers of
850-515: The second most natively spoken language and fourth most spoken language overall globally. The vast majority of Hispanophones are concentrated in the Hispanosphere, the countries and territories where Spanish is a native or significant language. During the Spanish period between 1492 and 1898, many people from Spain migrated to the new lands they had conquered . The Spaniards took with them their language and culture, and integrated within
900-572: The Americas, as well as the official language in a great part of the Americas. U.S. Hispanics are citizens of the United States whose ancestry or national origin is of any of the nations composing the Hispanosphere. A Hispanic person's status is independent from whether or not he or she speaks the Spanish language, for not all Hispanic Americans speak Spanish. A Hispanic person may be of any race (White, Amerindian, mixed, Black, Asian or Pacific Islander). As of 2013 Hispanics accounted for 17.1% of
950-490: The United Kingdom, the economically dominant territories— Castile and England—spread their language for mutual communication. However, the political dominance in the United Kingdom tends to be sharper compared to Spain, where most of medieval realms do not correspond with the actual boundaries of the autonomous communities, and the crown was unified into a sole monarch . Spanish is the most widely-spoken language of
1000-568: The United Kingdom. Cultures within the United Kingdom, such as English, Irish, Scottish , and Welsh , would then correspond in this analogy to cultures within Spain such as Castilian , Catalan , Galician and Basque among others. In contrast with Spain, because of centuries of gradual and mutual consolidation across the Iberian Peninsula, such distinctions tend to be blurred. It is a subtle, yet important, distinction. In Spain, as in
1050-498: The United States for July 1, 2050, is 105.6 million people. According to this projection, Hispanics will constitute 25% of the nation's total population by the year 2050. Historically, a continuous Hispanic presence in the territory of the United States has existed since the 16th century, earlier than any other group after the Amerindians . Spaniards pioneered the present-day United States. The first confirmed European landing on
SECTION 20
#17327721063101100-444: The United States have been Hispanic from early times. Some recent famous people of Hispanic descent in the U.S. include actress Rita Hayworth , singer Linda Ronstadt , and baseball legends Lefty Gomez and Ted Williams . The National Hispanic Heritage Month is celebrated in the United States from September 15 to October 15. The people of Hispanophone countries encompass many different ethnic backgrounds. Though in countries like
1150-448: The United States make up a long list that includes, among others, Lucas Vásquez de Ayllón , Pánfilo de Narváez , Sebastián Vizcaíno , Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo , Gaspar de Portolà , Pedro Menéndez de Avilés , Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca , Tristán de Luna y Arellano , and Juan de Oñate . In all, Spaniards probed half of today's lower 48 states before the first English colonization attempt at Roanoke Island in 1585. The Spanish created
1200-460: The United States, Hispanics may often be stereotyped as having a typical Mediterranean / Amerindian /Southern European appearance - olive skin , dark hair, and dark eyes. Most Hispanics in the United States have their origins in countries such as El Salvador , Cuba , and Mexico, with 90% of Salvadorans, 95% of Paraguayans, and 70% of Mexicans identifying as mestizo, with Mexico having the largest total mestizo population at over 66 million. In
1250-484: The United States, Hispanics, regardless of self-identified racial background, are labeled Hispanic by the U.S. census. They may have varying of European ancestry, such as Spanish origins, and Amerindian or African roots. From 1850 to 1920, the U.S. Census form did not distinguish between whites and Mexican Americans. In 1930, the U.S. Census form asked for "color or race", and census enumerators were instructed to write W for white and Mex for Mexican. In 1940 and 1950,
1300-853: The census reverted its decision and made Mexicans be classified as white again and thus the instructions were to "Report white (W) for Mexicans unless they were definitely of full Indigenous Indian or other non-white races (such as Black or Asian)." ) Of the over 35 million Hispanics counted in the Federal 2000 Census , 47.9% identified as White (termed White Hispanic by the Census Bureau); 42.2% some other race; 6.3% two or more races; 2% Black or African American; 1.2% American Indian and Alaska Native; 0.3% Asian; and 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander. Even among those Hispanics who reported one race only, most would also possess at least some ancestral lineage from one or more other races, despite
1350-717: The continent was that of Juan Ponce de León , who landed in 1513 on the shore he christened La Florida . Within three decades of Ponce de León's landing, the Spanish became the first Europeans to reach the Appalachian Mountains , the Mississippi River , the Grand Canyon , and the Great Plains . Spanish ships sailed along the East Coast , penetrating to present-day Bangor, Maine , and up
1400-457: The country, some with the aim of achieving full independence and others with the goal of improving the system of devolution and the state of the autonomies (or self-government entities). The existence of multiple distinct cultures in Spain allows an analogy to be drawn to the United Kingdom. Using the term Spanish for someone of Spanish descent would then be expected to be equivalent to using Briton to describe someone descending from some part of
1450-480: The end of the American Revolutionary War , Spain held claim to roughly half of today's continental United States (see New Spain ); in 1775, Spanish ships even reached Alaska . From 1819 to 1848, the United States increased the nation's area by roughly a third of former Spanish and Mexican territory, including today's three most populous states: California, Texas , and Florida. Hispanics became
1500-581: The fact that only 6.3% reported as such (this is also applicable to the non-Hispanics counted in the U.S. Census, although maybe in less proportion). According to one study (Stephens et al. 2001), from the genetic perspective, Hispanics generally represent a differential mixture of European, Native American, and African ancestry, with the proportionate mix typically depending on country of origin. The populations of Iberia (both Spain and Portugal), like all European populations, have received multiple other influences, even though they are still largely descended from
1550-408: The first American citizens in the newly acquired Southwest territory and remained the ancestral majority in several states until the 20th century, and a large minority in the 21st century. Hispanic Americans have fought in all the wars of the United States and have earned some of the highest distinctions awarded to U.S. soldiers ( list of Hispanic Medal of Honor recipients ). Historic figures in
Veridian - Misplaced Pages Continue
1600-536: The first decade of the 21st century among select circles. Under the rule of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (herself a fluent speaker), Spanish was re-introduced into the educational system as an elective language in secondary schools. Nevertheless, the Spanish language's presence in the country and its cultural influence continues to decline and is no longer present in daily life outside the numerous loanwords of Spanish origin in Philippine languages. Spanish
1650-479: The first permanent European settlement in the continental United States, at St. Augustine, Florida , in 1565. Santa Fe, New Mexico also predates Jamestown, Virginia (founded in 1607) and Plymouth Colony (of Mayflower and Pilgrims fame, founded in 1620). Later came Spanish settlements in San Antonio , Tucson , San Diego , Los Angeles, and San Francisco, to name just a few. The Spanish even established
1700-534: The former Spanish East Indies colonies of Philippines and to a lesser extent, Guam are also included. The terms are derived from the Latin word Hispanicus ("Spanish") which refers to anything pertaining to the Roman province of Hispania ("Spain"). In addition to the general definition of Hispanophone, some groups in the Hispanic world make a distinction between Castilian-speaking and Spanish-speaking, with
1750-444: The former term denoting the speakers of the Spanish language— also known as Castilian —and the latter the speakers of the Spanish or Hispanic languages (i.e. the languages of Spain or the languages of the Hispanic nations ). There are an estimated 474.7 million native Spanish speakers and about 100 million second and foreign language speakers around the world as of 2022, totaling 574 million Hispanophones in total. This makes Spanish
1800-462: The modern country of Spain was formed by the accretion of several independent Iberian kingdoms through dynastic inheritance, conquest and the will of the local elites. These kingdoms had their own nationalistic loyalties and political borders. Today, there is no single Castilian–Spanish identity for the whole country. Spain is a de facto plurinational state . Many Spanish citizens feel no conflict in recognising their multiple ethnic identities at
1850-546: The native Chamorro language exhibits a noticeable Spanish influence in its vocabulary. Many Chamorros have also preserved Hispanic cultural elements such as fiestas , cockfighting , and the Catholic faith despite having integrated with the American way of life. Spanish surnames are still prevalent on Guam, it is spoken by Catholic people and Puerto Ricans , and the custom of women keeping their maiden names after marriage
1900-414: The north coast of Morocco were a former Spanish protectorate and Spanish remains spoken by about 1.7 million people as of 2018. This makes Morocco the country with the most Spanish speakers outside the Hispanophone world unless the United States is excluded. However, demand for Spanish and overall competency in the language has fallen since the start of the 21st century and the most popular foreign language
1950-464: The notion of "Hispanophone" goes further than the above definition. The Hispanic culture is the legacy of the vast and prolonged Spanish Empire , and so the term can refer to people whose cultural background is primarily associated with Spain, regardless of racial or geographical differences. The whole sense of identity of the Hispanic population and the Hispanophones is sometimes referred by
2000-568: The official Arabic in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic , a partially recognized state that claims Western Sahara , whose territory formerly comprised the Spanish colony of Spanish Sahara and now is mostly occupied by Morocco . However, Spanish is not a native language in the territory, and the Moroccan government uses Arabic and French in its administration of Western Sahara and the number of Spanish speakers in
2050-607: The only Spanish-based creole language in Asia called Chavacano was developed on the islands and is spoken by roughly a million people. Section 7, Article XIV of the 1987 Philippine Constitution specifies Spanish (along with Arabic ) a language to "be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis", while the Philippine Academy of the Spanish Language (Spanish: Academia Filipina de la Lengua Española ) remains
Veridian - Misplaced Pages Continue
2100-468: The population, around 53.2 million people. This was an increase of 29% since 2004, when Hispanics were 14.1% of the population (around 41.3 million people). The Hispanic growth rate over the July 1, 2003 to July 1, 2004, period was 3.6% — higher than any other ancestral group in the United States — and more than three times the rate of the nation's total population (at 1.0%). The projected Hispanic population of
2150-416: The prehistoric European populations, and to a greater degree than any other major group. In the former Spanish province of Equatorial Guinea , although Portuguese and French are co-official languages, the majority of the population speak Spanish. There is a small minority of African people who possessed Spanish and other European ancestry. These individuals form less than 1% of the population. Portions of
2200-436: The same time. Spain is a culturally heterogeneous country, home to a wide range of cultures, each one with its own customs and traditions. Some such cultures have their own language . Since the beginning of the transition to democracy in Spain and the creation of the Spanish autonomous communities , after Francoist Spain , there have been many movements towards more autonomy ( delegation of powers ) in certain territories of
2250-528: The society they had settled, creating a large empire that stretched all over the world and producing several multiracial populations. Their influences are found in the following continents and countries that were originally colonized by the Spaniards. The modern-day nationalities that live in the region of ancient Hispania are the Portuguese , Spanish, Andorran and Gibraltarian people. Historically ,
2300-411: The state regulating body for the language. Castilian Spanish is the sole dialectal standard taught in schools, while Philippine Spanish (the local variant of the language which developed during the colonial era) currently has a few thousand native speakers left and is close to extinction. Despite its rapid decline in the 20th century, there has been a revival of interest in the Spanish language since
2350-632: The term Hispanidad (Hispanicity). When used in terms to refer to speakers of the Spanish language and the Spanish-speaking world, the Hispanosphere encompasses the following geographical areas: Spain, Hispanic America , Equatorial Guinea , and portions of the United States (namely the Southwest and Florida ). When used in the broader sense to include areas where the local culture has been heavily impacted by Hispanic influences,
2400-672: The territory itself is rather trivial compared to the former two languages. In the Philippines , the Spanish Filipino population which mostly descends from those Spanish colonists who arrived during the Spanish colonial period remains influential in Filipino society despite its small numbers. However, the vast majority of Spanish Filipinos today no longer speak Spanish. Instead, most now exclusively speak Tagalog or other local Philippine languages and English. Nevertheless,
2450-456: The title Veridian . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veridian&oldid=1059600380 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Viridian Viridian
2500-469: Was first prepared in 1838 in Paris by Parisian color chemist and painter Pannetier alongside his assistant Binet as a hydrated form of chromium oxide . The preparation process was demanding, expensive, and shrouded in secrecy. The French chemist C. E. Guignet developed and patented a cheaper manufacturing method in 1859 that enabled larger distribution and use of the pigment. This method involved calcining
#309690