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18-736: In 2014 the population was 432,400. Archeological finds from the Yangshao culture have been found in Xihe. During the Qin state era, the area was used to raise horses. During the Sui dynasty the county of Changdao was established in present-day Xihe During the Northern Song dynasty the name was changed to Minzhou. After the Song and Jin dynasty signed a peace treaty, the name was changed to Hezhou, since Min

36-562: A hurdle , or it may be formed into a continuous fence . Wattles also form the basic structure for wattle and daub wall construction, where wattling is daubed with a plaster-like substance to make a weather-resistant wall. Evidence of wattle construction was found at Woodcutts Settlement from the British Iron Age , and the Roman Vitruvius wrote about wattles in his book on architecture, De architectura , but

54-460: A central square. Although early reports suggested a matriarchal culture, others argue that it was a society in transition from matriarchy to patriarchy , while still others believe it to have been patriarchal. The debate hinges on differing interpretations of burial practices. The discovery of a Chinese dragon statue dating back to the fifth millennium BC in the Yangshao culture makes it

72-402: A separate culture that developed from the middle Yangshao culture through an intermediate Shilingxia phase. 36°18′N 109°06′E  /  36.300°N 109.100°E  / 36.300; 109.100 Wattle (construction) Wattle is made by weaving flexible branches around upright stakes to form a woven lattice. The wattle may be made into an individual panel, commonly called

90-425: A top knot. Women wrapped a length of cloth around themselves and tied their hair in a bun. Houses were built by digging a rounded rectangular pit around one metre deep. Then they were rammed , and a lattice of wattle was woven over it. Then it was plastered with mud. The floor was also rammed down. Next, a few short wattle poles would be placed around the top of the pit, and more wattle would be woven to it. It

108-520: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Yangshao culture The Yangshao culture ( Chinese : 仰韶文化 ; pinyin : Yǎngsháo wénhuà ) was a Neolithic culture that existed extensively along the middle reaches of the Yellow River in China from around 5000 BC to 3000 BC. The culture is named after the Yangshao site, the first excavated site of this culture, which

126-535: The Yangshao people was millet , with some sites using foxtail millet and others proso millet , though some evidence of rice has been found. The exact nature of Yangshao agriculture, small-scale slash-and-burn cultivation versus intensive agriculture in permanent fields, is currently a matter of debate. Once the soil was exhausted, residents picked up their belongings, moved to new lands, and constructed new villages. Middle Yangshao settlements such as Jiangzhi contain raised-floor buildings that may have been used for

144-403: The feet of the uprights, which are round rods; 'the man then weaves in horizontally the smaller split rods till he has filled up the hurdle. When he comes to either end he gives the rod a clever twist that opens the fibres and gives it something the character of a rope, so that it passes tough-stranded and unbroken round the end uprights.' When the twigs or wattles had been interwoven with the posts

162-403: The hurdle became one homogenous whole. Wattles forms the basis of wattle and daub , a composite building material used for making walls, in which wattle is daubed with a sticky material usually made of some combination of wet soil , clay , sand , animal dung and straw. Wattle and daub has been used for at least 6,000 years, and is still an important construction material in many parts of

180-485: The later Longshan culture , the Yangshao culture did not use pottery wheels in pottery-making. Excavations found that children were buried in painted pottery jars. Pottery style emerging from the Yangshao culture spread westward to the Majiayao culture , and then further to Xinjiang and Central Asia . The Yangshao culture produced silk to a small degree and wove hemp . Men wore loin clothes and tied their hair in

198-544: The storage of surplus grains. Grinding stones for making flour were also found. The Yangshao people kept pigs and dogs . Sheep , goats , and cattle are found much more rarely. Much of their meat came from hunting and fishing with stone tools. Their stone tools were polished and highly specialized. They may also have practiced an early form of sericulture . The Yangshao culture crafted pottery : Yangshao artisans created fine white, red, and black painted pottery with human facial, animal, and geometric designs. Unlike

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216-471: The technique goes back to Neolithic times. The construction of wattles starts with the uprights, whether they are set into a frame or placed into the ground. Starting at the bottom, flexible willow shoots, called withies , are woven in and out of the uprights (staves). In England the Romans used wattlework for various purposes, as for the lining of wells, as at Caersws. ... In these Romano-British examples

234-534: The wattling does not appear to have been in frames, as the rounded daubing of the ends of the wattling was found. Apparently the ends of the wattle stakes were merely driven into the ground without a sill ... Probably the ends of the Romano-British wattles were formed in the same manner as are hurdles in West Surrey to-day. The hurdle maker uses a 'hurdle frame,' a long shaped block slightly curved to hold

252-505: The world's oldest known dragon depiction, . Yangshao , in Mianchi County , Sanmenxia , western Henan, the place which gave the culture its name, has a museum next to the archaeological site. The archaeological site of the village of Banpo near Xi'an is one of the best-known ditch-enclosed settlements of the Yangshao. Another major settlement called Jiangzhai was excavated out to its limits, and archaeologists found that it

270-554: Was also the name of the Jin emperor . To avoid confusion with He County in Anhui, the name later was changed to Xihe. Xihe County is divided to 16 towns and 4 townships. Xihe has a mainly agricultural economy, crops include Chinese medicinal plants – particularly pinellia , potatoes, forestry and fruits. The Qiqiao Festival celebrations in Xihe were included as national intangible cultural heritage. This Gansu location article

288-416: Was completely surrounded by a ring-ditch. Both Banpo and Jiangzhai also yielded incised marks on pottery which a few have interpreted as numerals or perhaps precursors to Chinese characters , but such interpretations are not widely accepted. The Yangshao culture is conventionally divided into three phases: The Majiayao culture ( c.  3300  – c.  2000 BC ) to the west is now considered

306-620: Was discovered in 1921 in the town of Yangshao in western Henan by the Swedish geologist Johan Gunnar Andersson (1874–1960). The culture flourished mainly in Henan, as well as the neighboring provinces of Shaanxi and Shanxi . Recent research indicates a common origin and spread of the Sino-Tibetan languages with the Cishan , Yangshao and/or Majiayao cultures . The main food of

324-493: Was plastered with mud, and a framework of poles would be placed to make a cone shape for the roof. Poles would be added to support the roof. It was then thatched with millet stalks. There was little furniture; a shallow fireplace in the middle with a stool, a bench along the wall, and a bed of cloth. Food and items were placed or hung against the walls. A pen would be built outside for animals. Yangshao villages typically covered ten to fourteen acres and were composed of houses around

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