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13-535: Yamagata is in the southern portion of the Yamagata Basin in southeast Yamagata Prefecture. The northern and northwestern parts of the city are flatland, and the eastern part of the city is occupied by the Ōu Mountains . The city includes Mount Zaō within its borders. The Mamigasaki River passes through the city, and the Tachiyagawa River forms the border between Yamagata and Tendō. Yamagata has

26-514: A Humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfa ) closely bordering on Humid Subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa ) with large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, but is heaviest from July to September. The average annual temperature in Yamagata is 11.7 °C (53.1 °F). The average annual rainfall

39-407: A crater lake named " Okama ". Also known as the "Five Color Pond" ( 五色沼 , goshiki numa ) because it changes color depending on the weather, it lies in a crater formed by a volcanic eruption in the 1720s. The lake is 360 metres (1,200 ft) in diameter and 60 m (200 ft) deep, and is one of the main tourist attractions in the area. One striking feature of Zaō's famous ski resorts are

52-490: A crater lake . These lakes may become soda lakes , many of which are associated with active tectonic and volcanic zones. A crater may be breached during an eruption, either by explosions or by lava , or through later erosion. Breached craters have a much lower rim on one side. Some volcanoes, such as maars , consist of a crater alone, with scarcely any mountain at all. These volcanic explosion craters are formed when magma rises through water-saturated rocks, which causes

65-790: A mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 33 members. The city contributes nine members to the Yamagata Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Yamagata District 1 of the lower house of the Diet of Japan . [REDACTED] East Japan Railway Company - Yamagata Shinkansen [REDACTED] East Japan Railway Company - Ōu Main Line (Yamagata Line) [REDACTED] East Japan Railway Company - Senzan Line [REDACTED] East Japan Railway Company - - Aterazawa Line Yamagata

78-408: A conduit, until they reach the crater's vent, from where the gases escape into the atmosphere and the magma is erupted as lava . A volcanic crater can be of large dimensions, and sometimes of great depth. During certain types of explosive eruptions , a volcano's magma chamber may empty enough for an area above it to subside, forming a type of larger depression known as a caldera . In most volcanoes,

91-628: Is 1,163 millimetres (45.8 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25 °C (77 °F), and lowest in January, at around −0.1 °C (31.8 °F), just below the 0.0 °C (32.0 °F) isotherm required to earn the Humid Subtropical ( Cfa ) climate classification. Yamagata city is part of the heavy snow area of Japan (Gosetsu chitai, 豪雪地帯 ) with snowfall most days throughout

104-529: Is famous in Japan for eating the most ramen on average. Yamagata is twinned with: Mount Za%C5%8D The Zaō Mountains ( 蔵王連峰 , Zaō Renpō ) , commonly called Mount Zaō , are a complex cluster of stratovolcanoes on the border between Yamagata Prefecture and Miyagi Prefecture in Japan . The central volcano of the group includes several lava domes and a tuff cone , Goshiki-dake, which contains

117-437: The 100 Famous Japanese Mountains . Rotaria rotatoria and Pinnularia spp. are found in the acidic Okama Lake. Volcanic crater A volcanic crater is an approximately circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. It is typically a bowl-shaped feature containing one or more vents. During volcanic eruptions , molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber , through

130-507: The Edo period , it was a castle town and the center of Yamagata Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate . The city of Yamagata was founded on April 1, 1889 as the capital of Yamagata Prefecture with the creation of the modern municipalities system. The city attained special city status on April 1, 2001. The city's status is then further elevated into a core city on April 1, 2019. Yamagata has

143-408: The "frost-covered trees" ( 樹氷 , juhyō) that appear in mid-winter. Strong wind over the nearby lake fling water droplets which freeze against the trees and their branches, until near-horizontal icicles begin to form. Falling snow settles on the ice formations, and the end result is a grotesque figure of a tree. The effect of a full forest of such trees gives visitors a ghostly impression. Zaō is one of

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156-423: The crater is situated at the top of a mountain formed from the erupted volcanic deposits such as lava flows and tephra . Volcanoes that terminate in such a summit crater are usually of a conical form. Other volcanic craters may be found on the flanks of volcanoes, and these are commonly referred to as flank craters . Some volcanic craters may fill either fully or partially with rain and/or melted snow, forming

169-552: The winter season. Yamagata City is located in a wide central valley that can heat up quickly in spring and summer and is often grey and humid, while to the east in Miyagi Prefecture on the Pacific coast it is usually clearer and more temperate. Per Japanese census data, the population of Yamagata has remained relatively steady over the past 40 years. The area of present-day Yamagata was part of Dewa Province . During

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